newborn Flashcards
most accurate way to measure gestational age
fetal foot movement
preemie
<26/27w or <5.5lb
umbilical cord has 2 ___ and 1 ____
arteries
vein
newborn loses __% of body weight in first 48-72h, should fully regain by ___-___ days
10%
10-14 days
APGAR acronym
appearance pulse grimace activity respiration
apgar appearance
2 all pink
1 blue hands/feet (HD, hypox, RDS)
0 all blue
apgar pulse
- > 100bpm
- <100bpm
- no pulse
apgar grimace
- grimace cry/cough
- grimace only
- no reaction
apgar activity
- moving actively
- some movement
- no movement/floppy baby
apgar respiration
- strong cry
- weak cry
- no cry
normal BP within hours and 1 month
femoral most accurate
40-60bpm pp
20-40bpm 1m
newborn length
19-21” top of head to plantar surface
newborn weight
5.12 - 8.12 lb
heard circumference newborn
33-38cm
13-15”
newborn temp
98.6-99.6*
newborn bp
30-60bpm
MCC of increased head size
hydrocephalus, sunset sign
ddx: edema, inc ICP, brain bleed
beaten metal appearance
thinning of cranials
risk: hispanic + euro white, fam hx of neural tube defects, folic acid deficiency, meds, diabetes, obesity, inc bod temp
obstructive hydrocephalus MC blocked at
aqueduct of sylvius, or 3rd ventricle
nonobstructive hydrocephalus aka
papilloma of chroid plexus
temp is hyperthermia
> 106
meningitis
bacteremia
URI
-usually ok <107, then brain dmg
All cause:
Elevated temp
convulsion with fever >100.4 <6yo
febrile seizure, harmless if <15m
3 causes of fever in babies
teething
ear infx
difficulty breathing
involuntary hip flx with flx of pt chin to chest while supine
Positive finding for:
Brudzinski
severe stiffess of hams= inability to straighten leg with hip flexed
Kernigs
weight loss of > ___ means dehydration, refer
7.5%
cold legs
altered arousal (hard to waken)
dyspnea (nasal flare, chest recession, grunting)
Are all
red flags in a _____ with temp >101
Newborn
cold legs
altered arousal (hard to waken)
dyspnea (nasal flare, chest recession, grunting)
Are all
red flags in a ______ temp >102.6
Toddler
Pallor and dehydration
Are red flags in a ____ with temp >106
Child
weight should ___ by 5-6m, ___ by 1 yr and ___ by 2.5
double
triple
quadruple
height at 4yo should be ___xbirth and at 13yo ___x birth height
2x
4x
primitive reflexes should start going away by
6 months
pyramidal tract lesion can cause
-inc autism
Retained primitive reflexes
gluteal cleft deviation -> side of
sacrum AI or PI
-logan basic on that side