Preconception Counseling and Fertility, Pregnancy and Lactation, & Environmental Exposures

Question 1

In the Western countries, the use of birth control became widely available during which decade?

Select one:

a. 1950s
b. 1960s
c. 1970s
d. 1980s

Answer 1

b. 1960s

Question 2

An optimal fertility diet consists of _________?

Select one:

a. Freshly prepared, whole foods
b. Abundant vegetables and fruits
c. Sufficient omega-3 fatty acids
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

Answer 2

d. All of the above

Question 3

Women who eat high glycemic foods are found to be _________ infertile.

Select one:

a. more
b. less
c. no difference

Answer 3

a. more

Question 4

Flour and soda have been linked to higher incidences of infertility.

Select one:
True
False

Answer 4

True

Question 5

___________________ make it easier for a woman to conceive and carry a baby.

Select one:

a. Dairy products
b. Multivitamins
c. Probiotics
d. Nuts, seeds and berries

Answer 5

b. Multivitamins

Question 6

Women should aim to consume about ____ ounces of fish per week or use a quality Omega-3 supplement.

Select one:

a. 2
b. 12
c. 22
d. 32

Answer 6

b. 12

Question 7

The minimum folic acid/folate recommendation for a woman trying to conceive and throughout pregnancy is ______ mcg daily.

Select one:

a. 100
b. 200
c. 400
d. 800

Answer 7

c. 400

Question 8

_________________ is the one of the major causes of infertility?

Select one:

a. Exercise
b. Lack of sex
c. Hating your partner
d. Stress

Answer 8

d. Stress

Question 9

Up to ______ of athletic women will experience disruptions in their menstrual cycles, which may interfere with their ability to conceive.

Select one:

a. 10%
b. 14%
c. 20%
d. 44%

Answer 9

d. 44%

Question 10

Infertility has become more prevalent over the last few decades. Currently, up to ____ of couples will experience infertility.

Select one:

a. 15%
b. 25%
c. 35%
d. 45%

Answer 10

a. 15%

Question 11

The abundance of ______________ foods containing trans fats and refined carbohydrates, and the simultaneous lack of fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains and low-fat meats in the typical American diet contribute to pregnancy outcomes

Select one:

a. processed
b. wholesome
c. organic
d. conventional

Answer 11

a. processed

Question 12

According to the authors, which two priorities should be given significant consideration when working with a woman who is trying to conceive?

Select one:

a. Improved nutritional value of caloric intake and reduction of chemical load
b. Timing of foods and reduction of chemical load
c. Consuming a vegan diet and improved nutritional value of caloric intake
d. Weight loss and increased water consumption

Answer 12

a. Improved nutritional value of caloric intake and reduction of chemical load

Question 13

Which diet can help an overweight or obese woman carry her baby full term?

Select one:

a. Vegan
b. Mediterranean
c. Ketogenic
d. Elimination Diet

Answer 13

b. Mediterranean

Question 14

______________________ consumption is a leading cause of preventable developmental disabilities and mental retardation in children.

Select one:

a. Meat
b. Sugar
c. Alcohol
d. Vitamin

Answer 14

c. Alcohol

Question 15

___________________________ is an antioxidant that improves glucose transport within the skeletal muscles, which can reduce insulin resistance and oxidative stress.

Select one:

a. Chromium
b. Cinnamon
c. Ginseng
d. Alpha-Lipoic Acid

Answer 15

d. Alpha-Lipoic Acid

Question 16

Folate can be found abundantly in which foods?

Select one:

a. Leafy greens
b. Legumes
c. Animal protein
d. Beets

Answer 16

a. Leafy greens

Question 17

Calcium can be found in which foods?

Select one:

a. Beans
b. Seafood
c. Leafy greens and dairy
d. Carrots

Answer 17

c. Leafy greens and dairy

Question 18

How can we obtain Vitamin D?

Select one:

a. Supplements
b. Mushrooms
c. Fortified foods
d. All of the Above

Answer 18

d. All of the Above

Question 19

What mineral should not be taken at the same time as iron?

Select one:

a. Vitamin C
b. Calcium
c. Vitamin A
d. Vitamin D

Answer 19

b. Calcium

Question 20

_________________ contributes to fetal vision, immunity, skin development and overall growth. It can be found in liver, cod liver oil, and whole milk.

Select one:

a. Vitamin D
b. Iron
c. Vitamin A
d. Calcium

Answer 20

c. Vitamin A

Question 21

_______________ are responsible for healthy cellular function and structure and can be found in whole fatty fish.

Select one:

a. Calcium and Iron
b. Essential fatty acids
c. Vitamin A and probiotics
d. Vitamin D and glucose

Answer 21

b. Essential fatty acids

Question 22

__________ may be helpful in creating a healthier gastrointestinal tract and improved bowel motility while potentially decreasing absorption of allergens.

Select one:

a. Probiotics
b. Essential fatty acids
c. Vitamin D
d. Iron

Answer 22

a. Probiotics

Question 23

__________ and _____________ may be helpful nutrients for “morning sickness” that is often associated with the 1st trimester of pregnancy.

Select one:

a. Vitamin D and rest
b. Probiotics and Vitamin A
c. Gentle exercise and Iron
d. Ginger and Vitamin B6

Answer 23

d. Ginger and Vitamin B6

Question 24

Increased levels of the hormone ___________ slows transit in the gastrointestinal system, which can result in constipation, gas and bloating.

Select one:

a. progesterone
b. estrogen
c. testosterone
d. cortisol

Answer 24

a. progesterone

Question 25

Eliminating _____________, __________ and _______________ foods can help with heartburn during pregnancy.

Select one:

a. soda, exercise and salty
b. caffeine, spicy and tomato-based
c. sugar, salt and spicy
d. sleep, laughter and delicious

Answer 25

b. caffeine, spicy and tomato-based