Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Endometriosis and Chronic Pelvic Pain Flashcards
What is the percentage of women affected by PCOS?
Select one:
a. 3-5%
b. 5-10%
c. 10-15%
d. 15-20%
b. 5-10%
What are the typical initial symptoms that a client would come to the office for?
Select one:
a. Obesity, hirsutism, pregnancy
b. Acne, heart attack, high cholesterol
c. Menstrual abnormalities, hirsutism, acne and infertility
d. Edema, bloating, gas and indigestion
c. Menstrual abnormalities, hirsutism, acne and infertility
Women with PCOS are also at a greater risk for the development of:
Select one:
a. neurological disease
b. cancer, diabetes, and coronary artery disease
c. gout and autoimmune conditions
d. Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease
b. cancer, diabetes, and coronary artery disease
Women with PCOS often have higher than normal range ___________________.
Select one:
a. testosterone
b. estrogen
c. progesterone
d. estradiol
a. testosterone
PCOS women often have ___________________________ as the most common co-morbidity and may be completely independent of obesity.
Select one:
a. hyperthyroid
b. hyperadrenal
c. insulin resistance
d. Alzheimer’s
c. insulin resistance
_______________ stimulates the release of insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) that then contributes to the development of hypertension by causing vascular smooth muscle hypertrophy.
Select one:
a. Hypoinsulinemia
b. Hyperinsulinemia
c. Congestive heart failure
d. Dysglycemia
b. Hyperinsulinemia
A pregnant woman with PCOS is at a 10-fold risk for developing ____________.
Select one:
a. preeclampisa
b. pre-term Labor
c. gestational diabetes
d. nutrient deficiency
c. gestational diabetes
What is the gold standard test for PCOS in regards to blood glucose imbalances?
Select one:
a. Cholesterol Panel
b. HbA1c
c. Thyroid panel
d. 2-hour glucose tolerance test
d. 2-hour glucose tolerance test
________________ is the most commonly prescribed pharmaceutical for PCOS to help with metabolic syndrome and possibly hirsutism.
Select one:
a. Birth control pill
b. Metformin
c. TZD’s
d. Insulin
b. Metformin
________________________ are a class of insulin-sensitizing drugs that have shown positive effects in cardiovascular health, a reduction of androgen production and hirsutism as well as improvements in the menstrual cycle.
Select one:
a. Birth control pill
b. Metformin
c. TZD’s
d. Insulin
c. TZD’s
The main class of pharmaceutical treatment for PCOS has been ________________ as they are able to regulate unpredictable menstrual cycles and increase SHBG.
Select one:
a. Birth control pill
b. Metformin
c. TZD’s
d. Insulin
a. Birth control pill
___________________ is an insulin sensitizing drug that enhances glucose metabolism, decreases cardiovascular risk and may benefit some forms of depression by metabolizing insulin and decreasing total cholesterol and LDL
Select one:
a. Chromium
b. Cinnamon
c. Ginseng
d. Alpha-Lipoic Acid
a. Chromium
______________ stimulates glucose uptake and synthesis by fat cells which in turn lowers glucose and insulin levels, lowers blood pressure and improves abnormal lipid profiles.
Select one:
a. Chromium
b. Cinnamon
c. Ginseng
d. Alpha-Lipoic Acid
b. Cinnamon
_______________________ may improve glucose tolerance at about a 3-g dosage, but the studies are lacking in determining which part of the plant produces this result.
Select one:
a. Chromium
b. Cinnamon
c. Ginseng
d. Alpha-Lipoic Acid
c. Ginseng
___________________________ is an antioxidant that improves glucose transport within the skeletal muscles, which can reduce insulin resistance and oxidative stress.
Select one:
a. Chromium
b. Cinnamon
c. Ginseng
d. Alpha-Lipoic Acid
d. Alpha-Lipoic Acid
Women with PCOS often have higher ___________________, which presents as diastolic hypertension from enhanced adrenal function.
Select one:
a. sympathetic nervous tone
b. central nervous tone
c. parasympathetic nervous tone
d. simplistic nervous tone
a. sympathetic nervous tone
Why is endometriosis difficult to diagnosis?
Select one:
a. Not enough women present with the same symptoms
b. Poor correlation between the degree of symptoms and the extent of the disease
c. It looks like many other conditions
d. Most women think it’s normal to have that severe of cramping at their period
b. Poor correlation between the degree of symptoms and the extent of the disease
Endometriosis is defined as:
Select one:
a. the presence of ectopic implants of endometrial glands and stroma outside of the uterus
b. the presence of ectopic implants of endometrial glands and storma inside the uterus
c. heavy menstrual bleeding and cramps at least once a month
d. excess estrogen driving the cycle to be longer than 28 days
a. the presence of ectopic implants of endometrial glands and stroma outside of the uterus
The MOST common location of endometriosis includes:
Select one:
a. the intestinal wall
b. the stomach
c. the pelvic peritoneal surfaces and the external surfaces of the ovary, fallopian tubes and uterus
d. the space between the uterus and the bladder
c. the pelvic peritoneal surfaces and the external surfaces of the ovary, fallopian tubes and uterus
Endometriosis is more likely in women with other conditions such as:
Select one:
a. lupus
b. cancer
c. leukemia
d. hypothyroidism
d. hypothyroidism
What is the MOST common presenting symptom of endometriosis?
Select one:
a. Cyclic severe dysmenorrhea
b. Inflammatory bowel disease
c. Urinary tract infections
d. Amenorrhea
a. Cyclic severe dysmenorrhea
What is the gold standard of diagnosis for endometriosis?
Select one:
a. Pelvic exam
b. Laparoscopy
c. MRI
d. Endoscopy
b. Laparoscopy
What are the two front line traditional treatments that are offered by doctors for the treatment or management of endometriosis?
Select one:
a. Metformin and oral contraceptives
b. NSAIDs and ibuprofen
c. NSAIDs and oral progestins
d. NSAIDs and metformin
c. NSAIDs and oral progestins
What is the front-line defense for the alternative treatment of endometriosis?
Select one:
a. Mirena IUD
b. Anti-inflammatory diet
c. Chaste tree
d. High carbohydrate diet
b. Anti-inflammatory diet
Chronic Pelvic Pain (CPP) is a common complaint of many women. What is one area that should be checked that a traditional gynecologist may not think of during the examination?
Select one:
a. Pelvic exam
b. Blood pressure since high blood pressure could be contributing to a forced flow of blood the pelvic area
c. Meridian alignment
d. Psychological health as in past or present physical, emotional or sexual abuse
d. Psychological health as in past or present physical, emotional or sexual abuse
CPP may also be a result of:
Select one:
a. fascia tension
b. visceral dysfunction
c. psychological health
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Of the different etiologies of CPP, only ________ is actually physical or musculoskeletal.
Select one:
a. 22%
b. 32%
c. 42%
d. 52%
a. 22%
Chronic Pelvic Pain (CPP) can stem from deeply rooted endometriosis. According to the study by Marziali, et al., what is one dietary strategy that may help in relieving the inflammation?
Select one:
a. Dairy free
b. Vegan
c. Gluten free
d. Low vegetable consumption
c. Gluten free
According to Porpora, et al., ____________ should be suspected in those with chronic pelvic pain.
Select one:
a. Rheumatoid Arthritis
b. Celiac disease
c. Alcoholism
d. PTSD
b. Celiac disease
