Cervical Dysplasia, Cancers, and Cardiovascular Disease

Question 1

Dietary recommendations for the reversal of cervical dysplasia include:
Select one:
a. low fat, low cholesterol
b. a whole foods diet that is high fruits and vegetables
c. a high protein diet
d. none of the above

Answer 1

b. a whole foods diet that is high fruits and vegetables

Question 2

In addition to a diet that focuses on whole, unprocessed foods and low consumption of sugar and alcohol, which group of nutrients has shown positive results in working with women diagnosed with cervical dysplasia?
Select one:
a. Folic acid, vitamin C, vitamin E and green tea
b. Pyroxidine, vitamin C, vitamin D, white tea
c. Vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, green tea
d. Folic Acid, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E

Answer 2

a. Folic acid, vitamin C, vitamin E and green tea

Question 3

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ selectively inhibits expression of viral oncogenes and downregulates NFkappaB which directly decreases inflammation and carcinogenesis.
Select one:
a. Vitamin E
b. Curcumin 
c. DIM
d. I3C

Answer 3

b. Curcumin

Question 4

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and its gastric breakdown product induce apoptosis and is helpful in cases of cervical dysplasia.
Select one:
a. Vitamin E
b. Curcumin 
c. Vitamin C
d. I3G

Answer 4

d. I3G

Question 5

Breast cancer risk appears to be correlated with high levels of endogenous \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ at certain lifetime periods such as utero, puberty and menopause.
Select one:
a. testosterone
b. progesterone
c. estrogen 
d. androgen

Answer 5

c. estrogen

Question 6

Obesity, as defined by a body mass index (BMI) greater than \_\_\_\_ is associated with increased risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women.
Select one:
a. 30 
b. 40
c. 50
d. 60

Answer 6

a. 30

Question 7

Alcohol \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ breast cancer risk by increasing estrogen levels.
Select one:
a. decreases
b. increases 
c. has no effect on

Answer 7

b. increases

Question 8

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ can reduce breast cancer risk by about 20-30%.
Select one:
a. Tamoxifen
b. Physical activity
c. Vitamin C
d. Nutritional modulation

Answer 8

b. Physical activity

Question 9

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is an antioxidant that can decrease toxicity to the myocardial muscle, especially during chemotherapy.
Select one:
a. Vitamin D
b. CoQ10
c. Melatonin
d. Indole-3-Carbinol

Answer 9

b. CoQ10

Question 10

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ should be avoided during chemotherapy because of potential drug interactions.
Select one:
a. Black Cohosh 
b. Soy
c. Melatonin
d. Vitamin D

Answer 10

a. Black Cohosh

Question 11

Ginseng, Rhodiola, Schisandra, and Bacopa may help with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ complaints but should be avoided during chemotherapy.
Select one:
a. neurological
b. cardiovascular
c. muscular
d. cognitive

Answer 11

d. cognitive

Question 12

Women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer should avoid consuming \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ oils because it increases the risk of atherosclerosis.
Select one:
a. vegetable 
b. nut
c. seed
d. fish

Answer 12

a. vegetable

Question 13

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ restriction was associated with a striking fivefold reducing in breast cancer recurrence in 50% of subjects.
Select one:
a. Protein
b. Fat
c. Carbohydrate 
d. Sleep

Answer 13

c. Carbohydrate

Question 14

An \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ relationship was found between the consumption of cruciferous vegetables and breast cancer incidence.
Select one:
a. inverse 
b. converse
c. subversive
d. no relationship found

Answer 14

a. inverse

Question 15

Low vitamin \_\_\_\_\_ levels are found to predict a worse outcome at the time of breast cancer diagnosis.
Select one:
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

Answer 15

d. D

Question 16

\_\_\_\_\_\_ in culinary amounts during childhood may be protective against breast cancer.
Select one:
a. Rosemary
b. Soy 
c. Dairy
d. Carbohydrates

Answer 16

b. Soy

Question 17

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ may reduce the risk of breast cancer and may improve survival rates following diagnosis. It is also a type of phytoestrogen.
Select one:
a. Flaxseed 
b. Olive oil
c. Fish oil
d. none of the above

Answer 17

a. Flaxseed

Question 18

High ________ intake can reduce a woman’s risk of CVD by up to 40%.

Select one:

a. fiber
b. soy
c. omega-3 fatty acids
d. melatonin

Answer 18

c. omega-3 fatty acids

Question 19

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ fiber is associated with lowering of total and LDL cholesterol.
Select one:
a. Soluble 
b. Insoluble
c. Supplemental
d. Wheat

Answer 19

a. Soluble

Question 20

Women who consume diets rich in phytoestrogens, especially in the form of isoflavones, have \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ risk of CVD.
Select one:
a.  a lower 
b. a higher
c. no difference in

Answer 20

a. a lower

Question 21

The concentrated catechins of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ at about 3-4 cups/day showed a decrease in both fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction.
Select one:
a. garlic
b. nuts
c. alcohol
d. green tea

Answer 21

d. green tea

Question 22

___________ has the most evidence for the prevention of CVD through its effect on lowering hyperlipidemia.

Select one:

a. Garlic
b. Nuts
c. Alcohol
d. Green tea

Answer 22

a. Garlic

Question 23

Women who consumed \_\_\_\_\_\_\_oz of nuts or more per week were less likely to suffer from fatal or nonfatal MI.
Select one:
a. 1 
b. 2
c. 4
d. 5

Answer 23

d. 5

Question 24

More than 2 drinks per day \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ risk of MI, ischemic stroke, cardiomyopathy, hypertension, hemorrhagic stroke and vascular disease.
Select one:
a. increases 
b. decreases
c. has no effect on

Answer 24

a. increases

Question 25

Lowering hyperlipidemia can be beneficial in the reduction of CVD and CHF. Supplements that helped in this process include: Select one: a. red yeast rice, niacin, fish oil, phytoesterols b. gingko, folic acid, L-arginine c. calcium, vitamin B-6, beta-carotene d. beta-carotene, red yeast rice, folic acid

Answer 25

a. red yeast rice, niacin, fish oil, phytoesterols