Precision Medicine Flashcards
what are two genetic variants that affect drug action?
single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)
sets of closely linked SNPs (haplotypes)
what is a single nucleotide polymorphism genetic variant?
single-nucleotide substitutions of one base for another
what are haplotypes genetic variant?
group of a cluster of SNPs within an organism inherited from a single parent
how many SNPs are in the human genome?
10 million
where are SNP variations commonly found?
between genes
how do SNPs act as biological markers?
help locate genes associated with disease
T/F SNPs can predispose people to disease or influence their response to a drug
True
what do non-coding SNPs do?
change the amount of protein produced
what do coding SNPs do?
changes amino acid sequence
if SNPs are outside of the specific gene, can they effect protein production/function?
No
define penetrance
the proportion of people with a particular gene exhibiting signs and symptoms of a genetic disorder
which of these factors influence drug response?
a. gender
b. height
c. age
d. body mass
e. congenital conditions
f. diet
g. presence of other drugs
h. disease
i. fluid intake
j. exposure to certain chemicals or toxins
k. tobacco/alcohol
l. genetic factors
m. DNA synthesis
a,c,d,f,g,h,j,k,l
T/F pharmacogenetic testing prior to drug us is common before administration of drugs
False, limited to specialized drugs such as chemotherapy
define genetics
the study of single genes and its effects
define genome
all the genetic material of an organism
