Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Fall 2013 / Anatomy 3 > Pre-Midterm > Flashcards

Pre-Midterm Flashcards

0
Q

the pons connects the brain stem with the _____ and the _____

A

diencephalon and cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

in reference to the parts of the brain stem, where is the pons located

A

Inferior to the midbrain
anterior to the cerebellum
superior to the medulla oblongata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the pons connects the brain to the _____ and the _____ _____

A

medulla and spinal cord

* this is the “downstate” connection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the pons connects the _____ _____and the _____ to the cerebellum

A

brain stem and cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the function of the middle cerebellar peduncles

A

connect the opposite half of the cerebellum with the pons (crossover sensory axons from the pons)
*important structure of the pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the function of the superior cerebellar peduncles

A
  • Carry EFFERENT axons up
  • Connect the cerebellum with the “upstairs” on the opposite side: thalamus, red nucleus, basal ganglia, and reticular formation of the midbrain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

everything that goes to the cerebellum is considered _____

*Everything that EXITS the cerebellum is considered_____ Our notes say “exit” not “goes to”

A

EFFERENT (motor), even if it is going UP at times.

*motor is typically descending and sensory is typically ascending

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the reticular formation extends from the _____ to the _____

A

medulla to the thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T/F

the reticular formation has connections with all parts of the PNS

A

F; CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which structure of the pons plays an important role in: muscle reflexes, sensory impulses, respiration, cardiovascular reflexes, sleep-wake cycle, homeostasis, and consciousness?

A

The reticular formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the two vital centers of the pons and what do they regulate

A

The regulation respiration

  • Apneustic: initiates or starts breathing
  • Pneumothaxic: stops or terminates breathing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

which cranial nerves originate in the pons

A

cranial nerves V, VI, VII, VIII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cranial nerve V

A

Trigeminal-
Motor: for mastication
Sensory: for feeling of the head and face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cranial nerve VI

A

Abducens -

abducts the eye ball by contracting eye muscle lateral rectus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cranial nerve VII

A

Facial -
moves facial muscles, salivates, lacrimates, feels taste on the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

*only nerve that produces our facial expressions; has parasympathetic branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cranial nerve VIII

A

Vestibulo-Cochlear -
controls hearing and equillibrium

*purely sensory; connects inner ear with cerebrum and cerebellum

16
Q

what is the location of the medulla oblongata

A

Situated between the pons and the spinal cord

Anterior to the cerebellum

17
Q

what are the largest motor tracts for voluntary, conscious movement?

A

Pyramids (an important structure in the medulla oblongata)

18
Q

Pyramids of the medulla oblongata connect…?

where does this connection happen?

A

motor areas of the cerebrum with the opposite side of the spinal cord and the body

this crossover occurs in the decussation of the pyramids, on the border of the medulla and the spinal cord

19
Q

Cardiovascular center of the medulla oblongata

A
  • important nuclei of the medulla

- controls heart rate, force of cardiac contraction, diameter of blood vessels, blood pressure, and blood volume.

20
Q

Rhythmicity Area of the medulla oblongata

A
  • Important nuclei of the medulla
  • controls basic rhythm of respiration (posterior medulla)
  • sneezing, hiccuping and coughing are included in this center
21
Q

Area postrema of the medulla oblongata

A
  • Important nuclei of the medulla oblongata

- Controls nausea and vomiting

22
Q

Deglutition Center of the medulla oblongata

A
  • important nuclei of the medulla

- responsible for swallowing

23
Q

Olives

A
  • Important nuclei of the medulla oblongata
  • lateral to pyramids
  • synapse nuclei for spino-cerebellar tracts for proprioception (automatic subconscious identification of joint positions)
24
Q

Nuclei Gracillus and Cuneatus of the medulla oblongata

A
  • synapse/relay nuclei for medial lemniscus tracts (posterior medulla)
25
Q

What cranial nerves originate in the medulla oblongata

A

CN IX, X, XI, XII

26
Q

Cranial nerve IX

A

Glossopharangeal-
Major nerve for swallowing
controls palate muscles, parotid gland, taste and other sensations from posterior 1/3 of tongue

27
Q

Cranial nerve X

A

Vagus nerve
controls sensations from the pharyngeal mucosa, major parasympathetic/visceral nerve of the body
*Longest nerve in the body & major parasympathetic nerve of the body
Responsible for a gag reflex

28
Q

Cranial nerve XI

A

Accessory Nerve
Controls SCM and trapezius muscle
(motor nerve that controls head and neck)

29
Q

Cranial nerve XII

A

Hypoglossal-

Moves the tongue

30
Q

What is the location of the cerebellum

A

Situated posterior to the brain stem

31
Q

Which brain structure contains nearly half of the brain’s neurons

A

Cerebellum

32
Q

What structure separates the cerebellum from the cerebrum?

A

the transverse fissure and tentorium cerebelli (formed by the folding of the dura mater)

33
Q

What is the anatomy of the cerebellum

A
  • contains a vermis and flacculo-nodular lobe at the center (DU and CV channels reside here)
  • grey matter outside and white matter inside (arbor vitae “tree of life”)
34
Q

what is the function of the anterior and posterior lobes of each cerebellar hemisphere?

A

controls subconscious aspects of skeletal muscles’ movement

35
Q

What is the function of the vermis and the flocculo-nudular lobe

A

contributes to equilibrium and balance maintenance

36
Q

What is the function of the inferior cerebellar peduncles

A

Carry AFFERENT and EFFERENT axons to and from the medulla oblongata
(travels in an ascending and descending manner)

37
Q

Which brain structure’s nuclei are involved in subconscious movement and coordination, posture and balance (based on subconscious proprioception), and maintenance, including coordination of ocular and vestibular reflexes?

A

Cerebellum

38
Q

what are pyramids or cortico-spinal tracts?

A

within the medulla oblongata–the largest motor tracts of voluntary(conscious) movement

Fall 2013 / Anatomy 3 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions