Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MCAT Flashcards > Practice Test 3 Review > Flashcards

Practice Test 3 Review Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
MCAT flashcards
1
Q

What is the direction of the flow of electrons in a voltanic cell

A

Electrons flow from anode to cathode (a -> c)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where does oxidation occur in a voltanic cell?

A

Oxidation occurs at the anode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where does reduction occur in a voltanic cell?

A

Reduction occurs at the cathode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is removed during alpha decay?

A

During alpha decay an alpha particle is removed - an alpha particle is a helium nucleus (a helium nucleus consists of two protons and two neutrons) - The removal of a helium nucleus causes the mass number to decrease by 4 and the atomic number to decrease by 2 (the h in alpha reminds you a helium nucleus is removed)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happens during gamma decay?

A

No particles are ejected from the nucleus in gamma decay - instead a high energy photon is released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a beta particle?

A

A beta particle is an electron (the e in beta stands for electron)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which responds to a magnetic field? Paramagnetic or Diamagnetic

A

Paramagnetic responds to a magnetic field - paramagnetic atoms have unpaired electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How is the average acceleration calculated?

A

Average acceleration is calculated as the change in velocity over the change in time

Acceleration = (vfinal - vinitial) / time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which does the quantum number n provide information about?

A

The principal quantum number, n, provides information about the size of the orbital - The principal quantum number corresponds to the row on the periodic table

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the angular quantum number?

A

The angular quantum number is denoted by l - The angular quantum number describes the shape of the orbital

s is when l=0

p is when l=1

d is when l=2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between A and T pairs?

A

Two hydrogen bonds are formed between A and T pairs (A = adenine and is a purine) (T = thymine is a pyrimidine) (A matches with T [or U for RNA])

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between a C and a G pair?

A

Three hydrogen bonds are formed between C and G pairs (G = guanine and is a purine) (C = cytosine and is a pyrimidine) (G matches with C)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Is a primary amine a hydrogen donor or acceptor?

A

A primary amine (—NH2) is both a proton donor and a proton acceptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the wavelength of yellow light?

A

570-590 nm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When does refraction occur?

A

Refraction only occurs when light enters a medium at an angle relative to the normal - If light enters at a 90 degree angle (aka on the normal line) then the angle of incidence is 0 and there is no angle of refraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the wavelength of purple light?

A

The wavelength of purple light is 400-430 nm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a formula used to calculate frequency?

A

speed of light = (frequency) (wavelength)

c = fŷ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the wavelength of UV light

A

200 nm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How does UV light interact with DNA?

A

UV light light is likely to result in the destruction of DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How do you calculate the potential energy of a spring?

A

U = ½kx2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is hypoventilation?

A

Hypoventilation means that breathing rate is slower than normal - when breathing rate is lower than normal it means that less CO2 will be exhaled with each breath (meaning that the blood CO2 level is higher)

22
Q

What is an antigen?

A

An antigen is a structure that can be present on the outside of a pathogen - The antigen is what is recognized by antibodies

23
Q

What is an antibody

A

An antibody is also known as an immunoglobulin - it is a Y shaped protein that is used to identify and neutralize foreign objects - Antibodies bind to antigens

24
Q

Organ systems appear when during development?

A

Organ systems appear during the first trimester of pregnancy

25
Q

When does rapid brain growth occur duing pregancy?

A

Rapid brain growth occurs during the last trimester of pregnancy

26
Q

What is the foramen Ovale?

A

The foramen ovale is a hole in the wall between the left and right atria of the heart of every human fetus - the foramen ovale allows blood to bipass the lungs because human lungs are not functional until exposed to air - the foramen ovale usually closes after birth

27
Q

What are the two types of bones?

A

Flat bones and long bones

28
Q

Describe Flat bones

A

Flat bones contain red bone marrow (which means there is high blood cell production here) - Flat bones are found where little movement is required and usually serve protective functions - flat bones include the skill, ribs, and vertebrae

29
Q

Describe Long bones

A

Long bones contain yellow bone marrow indicating low blood cell production - long bones include the bones of the hands, feet, arms, and legs

30
Q

What is complete dominance?

A

This is when only the dominant allele is expressed

31
Q

What is variable expressivity?

A

This is when there are different manifestations (phenotypes) from the same genotype within a population

32
Q

What are ketone bodies

A

Ketone bodies are water soluble molecules containing a ketone group that is produced by the liver - Ketone bodies are produced from extra acetyl coenzyme A

Ketone bodies include: acetone, acetoacetate, and beta-hydroxybutyrate

33
Q

What are spliceosomes

A

Spliceosomes are responsible for removing introns from mRNA after it is synthesized

34
Q

Why does the researched require knowledge of the sequence being replicated before PCR can be carried out?

A

The sequence is used to determine the sequence of the DNA primer

In PCR a Taq polymerase is used, the temperature it is run at is standard, and a large excess of all nucleotides are used

35
Q

What is the Hardy-Weinberg equation

A

p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1

also p + q = 1

36
Q

What does the ectoderm develop?

A

The ectoderm develops the skin, hair, nervous system, and eyes

37
Q

What does the endoderm develop into?

A

The endoderm develops into parts of the liver, pancreas, thyroid and bladder as well as the epithelial lining of the digestive system, and the epithelial lining of the respiratory system

38
Q

What does the mesoderm develop into?

A

The mesoderm develops into the musculoskeletal system, the circulatory system, the excretory system, the gonads, the connective tissue throughout the body, and portions of the digestive and respiratory organs

39
Q

What are the germ layers

A

Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm

40
Q

What is the job of melanin?

A

The function of melanin in the eyes and skin is to absorb UV radiation - This is because UV radiation can damage cell structures, alter DNA, and promote free radical reactions

41
Q

Two carbohydrates that differ at only one carbon are classified as?

A

Epimers - epimers only differ at one carbon

42
Q

Carbohydrates that only differ around the C-1 carbon are called?

A

Anomers - anomers only differ around the C-1 carbon

43
Q

Carbohydrates the differ in arrangement around every chiral carbon are called?

A

Enantiomers

44
Q

What is the function of bile?

A

Bile emulsifies fats

45
Q

What is the function of the gallbladder?

A

The gallbladder stores and secretes bile

46
Q

What is the standard potential for a concentration cell?

A

The standard potential for a concentration cell is always 0

47
Q

What is the difference between the smooth ER and the rough ER

A

Protein synthesis is associated with the ribosomes of the rough ER - Because the smooth ER lacks ribosomes it is the primary site of carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis

48
Q

A non-spntaneous reaction is indicated by a ___ delta G

A

A positive delta G indicates a non-spontaneous reaction

49
Q

What happens when fatty acid undergoes beta oxidation?

A

When a fatty acid undergoes beta oxidation it produces a molecule of acetyl coA - which means that the molecule loses two carbons each time

50
Q
A

MCAT Flashcards (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions