Practice Set 2A Flashcards
What is the major producer of blood cells?
Red bone marrow
Osseous tissue is a connective tissue with a hardened matrix that makes up organs called ________.
bones.
Where do you find osteogenic cells?
Endosteum and periosteum
True or false: The bone cells responsible for the formation of the organic bone matrix are called chondrocytes.
False. Reason: Chondrocytes produce and maintain the cartilaginous matrix. Osteoblasts are the cells that deposit bone matrix and eventually become osteocytes.
What is the hollow space in which an osteocyte resides called?
Lacuna
Which are functions of the skeletal system?
Blood formation, Protection, Support, Acid-base balance
The connective tissue that makes up bone is called ______ tissue.
osseous
Mature bone cells found within lacunae of compact bone are called
osteocytes
True or false: Osteogenic cells are stem cells in the endosteum, periosteum, and central canals that can become chondrocytes.
False. Reason: Osteogenic cells are stem cells in the endosteum, periosteum, and central canals that can become osteoblasts rather than chondrocytes.
Osteoblasts secrete the hormone ______.
osteocalcin
What is the purpose of the canaliculi in compact bone?
To provide a passageway between the lacunae
Which of the following describes the lacunae of osseous tissue?
Spaces between lamellae that contain osteocytes
True or false: Osteocytes and osteoclasts develop from the same type of stem cell.
False. Reason: Osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, and osteocytes all belong to one cell lineage, but osteoclasts have an independent origin.
What are mature bone cells found within lacunae of compact bone called?
Osteocytes
The calcium-phosphate salt that mineralizes bone tissue is called ______.
hydroxyapatite
Where do you find osteogenic cells?
Endosteum and periosteum
In osseous tissue, the narrow channels connecting neighboring lacunae are called
canaliculi
What is the hollow space in which an osteocyte resides called?
Lacuna
The action carried out by osteoclasts is ______.
osteolysis
Which is part of the inorganic matter that makes up the matrix of bone?
Calcium phosphate salt
True or false: Osteogenic cells are stem cells in the endosteum, periosteum, and central canals that can become chondrocytes.
False. Reason: Osteogenic cells are stem cells in the endosteum, periosteum, and central canals that can become osteoblasts rather than chondrocytes.
Lacunae are located between concentric rings of compact bone tissue called what?
Lamellae.
True or false: Osteocytes and osteoclasts develop from the same type of stem cell.
False
Stem cells in developing bone that give rise to osteoblasts are called _______ cells.
osteogenic
Within compact bone, a central canal is found at the center of which structure?
An osteon
Another term for a central canal is a(n) _______ canal.
haversian
What are the layers of bony matrix in compact bone tissue called?
Lamellae
Which channels run perpendicular to the central canals of osteons?
Perforating canals
The basic structural unit of compact bone is the ______.
osteon
What is the name for a channel that extends longitudinally through the center of an osteon?
Central canal, Haversian canal
The layers of bony matrix arranged around the central canal of an osteon are called ______ lamellae.
concentric
What are the thin plates forming spongy bone called?
trabeculae
Central and perforating canals are lined with ______.
endosteum
In longitudinal views, osteons are ______.
cylinders
During intramembranous ossification, bone matrix is deposited by which type of cells?
Osteoblasts
Trabeculae and spicules are found in ________
spongy bone.
Where does bone formation occur during endochondral ossification?
Hyaline cartilage model
Which channels run perpendicular to the central canals of osteons?
Perforating canals
As a flat bone is produced by intramembranous ossification, which cells are responsible for the resorption of bone tissue that carves out the spongy bone’s trabeculae?
Osteoclasts
Where is the primary ossification center during endochondral ossification in a long bone?
Diaphysis
The skull, vertebral column, and rib cage comprise the
axial skeleton.
The cartilage that is the tissue which is replaced with bone during endochondral ossification is ________ cartilage.
hyaline
The limb bones and their girdles comprise the ______ skeleton.
appendicular
How many bones does the skeleton typically contain at birth?
270
The axial skeleton can be defined as which of the following?
The bones of the supporting central axis of the body
The patella is an example of a ________ bone, one that forms within a tendon due to stress.
sesamoid
What color is the appendicular skeleton in this figure?
Green
Which of following is a true statement and explains why the number of bones varies with age?
Many bones fuse together during development, resulting in fewer bones in the adult.
During endochondral ossification, where does the primary ossification center form?
Diaphysis
Which type of bone forms within a tendon due to stress?
Sesamoid
