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Neuro Exam 2 > Practice Questions > Flashcards

Practice Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following usually gives rise to the artery that supplies the inner ear?

A. Posterior cerebral a.
B. Superior cerebellar a.
C. Anterior inferior cerebellar a.
D. Posterior inferior cerebellar a.
E. Anterior spinal a.
A

C. Anterior inferior cerebellar a.

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2
Q

Which of the following supplies the facial nucleus and the spinal trigeminal nucleus and tract?

A. Posterior cerebral a.
B. Superior cerebellar a.
C. Anterior inferior cerebellar a.
D. Posterior inferior cerebellar a.
E. Anterior spinal a.
A

C. Anterior inferior cerebellar a.

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3
Q

Which of the following is a terminal branch of the basilar a.?

A. Posterior cerebral a.
B. Superior cerebellar a.
C. Anterior inferior cerebellar a.
D. Posterior inferior cerebellar a.
E. Anterior spinal a.
A

A. Posterior cerebral a.

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4
Q

Which of the following supplies the deep cerebellar nulcei?

A. Posterior cerebral a.
B. Superior cerebellar a.
C. Anterior inferior cerebellar a.
D. Posterior inferior cerebellar a.
E. Anterior spinal a.
A

B. Superior cerebellar a.

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5
Q

Which of the following supplies the nucleus ambiguus?

A. Posterior cerebral a.
B. Superior cerebellar a.
C. Anterior inferior cerebellar a.
D. Posterior inferior cerebellar a.
E. Anterior spinal a.
A

D. Posterior inferior cerebellar a.

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6
Q

The spinal tract involved with control of trunk muscles is the:

A. Cuneocerebellar
B. Vestibulospinal
C. Ventral corticospinal
D. Lateral corticospinal
E. Ventral spinocerebellar
A

C. Ventral corticospinal

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7
Q

Which of the following contains axons from the giant cells of Deiters?

A. Cuneocerebellar tract
B. Cuneate fasciculus
C. Dorsal spinocerebellar tract
D. Lateral corticospinal tract
E. Lateral spinothalamic tract
F. Lissauer tract
G. Vestibulospinal tract
A

G. Vestibulospinal tract

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8
Q

Which of the following conveys nociceptive input from the contralateral side of the body?

A. Cuneocerebellar tract
B. Cuneate fasciculus
C. Dorsal spinocerebellar tract
D. Lateral corticospinal tract
E. Lateral spinothalamic tract
F. Lissauer tract
G. Vestibulospinal tract
A

E. Lateral spinothalamic tract

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9
Q

Which of the following contains axons from the giant cells of Betz?

A. Cuneocerebellar tract
B. Cuneate fasciculus
C. Dorsal spinocerebellar tract
D. Lateral corticospinal tract
E. Lateral spinothalamic tract
F. Lissauer tract
G. Vestibulospinal tract
A

D. Lateral corticospinal tract

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10
Q

Which of the following contains ipsilateral pain fibers that have their second-order neurons in the dorsal horn?

A. Cuneocerebellar tract
B. Cuneate fasciculus
C. Dorsal spinocerebellar tract
D. Lateral corticospinal tract
E. Lateral spinothalamic tract
F. Lissauer tract
G. Vestibulospinal tract
A

F. Lissauer tract

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11
Q

A pt has the ability to stand with open eyes but falls with closed eyes. A lesion of which pathway is likely responsible for this symptom?

A. Ventral spinothalamic tract
B. Dorsal spinocerebellar tract
C. Lateral spinothalamic tract
D. Ventral spinocerebellar tract
E. Dorsal column syndrome
A

E. Dorsal column syndrome

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12
Q

40 y/o female presents to the ED with BP 160/90, numbness on right side of lower face, no weakness in upper or lower extremities, tongue deviating to the right side on protrusion, and uvula deviating to the left side on phonation. The lesion causing these symptoms is found in which of the following loci?

A. Anterior limb of internal capsule
B. Genu of internal capsule, left side
C. Claustrum
D. Paracentral lobule
E. Posterior limb internal capsule
A

B. Genu of internal capsule, left side

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13
Q

A comatose pt’s head is elevated 30 degrees from the horizontal. Cold water is injected into the left external auditory meatus. If the brainstem is intact, which one of the following ocular reflexes do you expect to see?

A. Horizontal nystagmus to the left
B. Vertical upper nystagmus
C. Horizontal nystagmus to the right
D. Deviation of the eyes to the left
E. Deviation of the eyes to the right
A

D. Deviation of the eyes to the left

[would not see nystagmus in comatose pt]

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14
Q

Which of the following is the most common cause of internuclear ophthalmoplegia?

A. Meniere disease
B. Benign positional vertigo
C. Acoustic schwannoma
D. MLF syndrome
E. Multiple sclerosis
A

E. Multiple sclerosis

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15
Q

Which of the following consists of lateral gaze palsy and monocular nystagmus?

A. Meniere disease
B. Benign positional vertigo
C. Acoustic schwannoma
D. MLF syndrome
E. Multiple sclerosis
A

D. MLF syndrome

[MLF syndrome = internuclear ophthalmoplegia — medial rectus palsy on attempted lateral gaze + nystagmus in abducting eye]

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16
Q

A 10 y/o boy has right arm and leg dystaxia, nystagmus, hoarseness, along with miosis and ptosis on the right. Bronchoscopy reveals a paretic vocal cord on the right. The lesion site responsible is most likely the:

A. Right dorsal motor nucleus of CN X
B. Left red nucleus
C. Dorsolateral medulla
D. Dorsolateral pons
E. Internal capsule
A

C. Dorsolateral medulla

[lateral medullary syndrome = PICA syndrome. The dorsolateral medulla contains the nucleus ambiguus (larynx), hypothalamospinal tract (Horner syndrome), inferior cerebellar peduncle (dystaxia), and vestibular nuclei (nystagmus)]

17
Q

Neurologic exam reveals miosis, ptosis, hemianhidrosis on the left side, laryngeal and palatal paralysis on the left side, facial anesthesia on the left side, and loss of pain and temperature from the trunk and extremities on the right side. The lesion is in the:

A. Caudal medulla, ventral median zone, right side
B. Rostral medulla, lateral zone, left side
C. Rostral pontine base, left side
D. Caudal pontine tegmentum, lateral zone, right side
E. Rostral pontine tegmentum, dorsal median zone, left side

A

B. Rostral medulla, lateral zone, left side

[classic Wallenberg syndrome = PICA syndrome of the lateral medullary zone]

18
Q

A 39 y/o pt notices abrupt onset of involuntary movements of his right side. His right arm and leg would make large, violent flailing movements. The most likely site of damage was:

A. Left substantia nigra
B. Right substantia nigra
C. Left globus pallidus
D. Right globus pallidus
E. Left subthalamic nuclei
F. Right subthalamic nuclei
A

E. Left subthalamic nuclei

19
Q

The major source of inputs to the caudate nucleus is:

A. The globus pallidus
B. The subthalamic nucleus
C. The putamen
D. Association areas of the cortex, like prefrontal cortex
E. Motor and somatosensory cortex
A

D. Association areas of the cortex, like prefrontal cortex

20
Q

The major circuit through which the basal ganglia affect the cerebral cortex involves a projection from the:

A. Globus pallidus to thalamus
B. Globus pallidus to substantia nigra
C. Striatum to thalamus
D. Striatum to cerebral cortex
E. Globus pallidus to cerebral cortex
A

A. Globus pallidus to thalamus

21
Q

The cortex of the cerebellar vermis projects mainly to the:

A. Fastigial nucleus
B. Dentate nucleus
C. Interposed nucleus
D. Vestibular nuclei

A

A. Fastigial nucleus

22
Q

The flocculonodular lobe of the cerebellum projects mainly to the:

A. Fastigial nucleus
B. Dentate gyrus
C. Interposed nucleus
D. Vestibular nuclei

A

D. Vestibular nuclei

23
Q

A pt reports difficulty reading because he cannot make his eyes move from left to right. You confirm that he cannot seem to look to his right on command, but notice that his eyes can move to the right when you roll a ball across the floor. The most likely site of damage is the:

A. Left abducens nucleus
B. Right abducens nucleus
C. Left frontal lobe
D. Right frontal lobe
E. Left MLF
F. Right MLF
A

C. Left frontal lobe

24
Q

82 y/o male is found to have hydrocephalus and a shunt is inserted to relieve pressure. CSF production is averaging 525 mL/day and no masses are found on MRI. What is the most likely cause of his hydrocephalus?

A. Thrombosis of the internal carotid aa.
B. Fibrosis of the arachnoid villi leading to decreased absorption
C. Non-communicating hydrocephalus resulting in decreased absorption
D. A choroid plexus adenoma that has increased CSF production above normal levels

A

B. Fibrosis of the arachnoid villi leading to decreased absorption

25
Q

A cancer pt undergoing chemo is prescribed a med that resembles 2-AG to decrease nausea and vomiting. This med is also associated with mood elevation and pain relief. What other effect is the activation of the receptor by this med likely to have?

A. Constipation d/t increased water absorption
B. Protection from excitotoxicity d/t decreased EAA release
C. Increased removal of beta-amyloid from interstitial brain spaces
D. Increased GABA release in cortex leading to loss of consciousness

A

B. Protection from excitotoxicity d/t decreased EAA release

26
Q

Following a TBI, a patient experiences severe swelling that leads to further brain damage. Directly blocking which of the following would be most beneficial in reducing the occurrence of this edema?

A. Magnesium binding the NMDA receptor
B. Sodium influx through the AMPA receptor
C. Nitric oxide synthesis
D. Caspase 3

A

C. Nitric oxide synthesis

27
Q

Which of the following would be consistent with a pt being in a minimally conscious state?

A. Fluent verbal responses to questions
B. Ability to focus on detailed paragraph in a novel
C. Absence of sleep/wake cycles
D. Ability to raise their hand in response to a command
E. Turning their head toward a sudden noise in the room

A

D. Ability to raise their hand in response to a command

28
Q

A pt presents with traumatic brain injury that has damaged the pedunculopontine tegmental and laterodorsal nuclei. Release of what NT is directly reduced as a result?

A. EAAs
B. Dopamine
C. ACh
D. Serotonin
E. NE
A

C. ACh

29
Q

After a near-drowning, a young child regains consciousness and was able to follow simple commands. Within a few hours, he becomes comatose as brain swelling occurs. An experimental treatment using an ion channel blocker is initiated in an attempt to improve his condition. What is the most likely target of this tx?

A. GABA-A receptors
B. NMDA receptors
C. D1 receptors
D. Nicotinic cholinergic receptors

A

B. NMDA receptors

30
Q

which of the following is derived from telencephalon?

A. Pineal gland
B. Hypothalamus
C. Hippocampus
D. Optic n. 
E. Globus pallidus
A

C. Hippocampus

31
Q

Which of the following statements best describes the sulcus limitans?

A. It is found in the interpeduncular fossa
B. It is located between the alar and basal plates
C. It separates the medulla from the pons
D. It separates hypothalamus from thalamus
E. It separates neocortex from allocortex

A

B. It is located between alar and basal plates

32
Q

The choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle is derived from:

A. Alar plate
B. Basal plate
C. Floor plate
D. Rhombic lip
E. Roof plate
A

E. Roof plate

33
Q

Tanycytes are found principally in the:

A. Area postrema
B. Cerebral aqueduct
C. Lateral ventricles
D. Third ventricle
E. Fourth ventricle
A

D. Third ventricle

34
Q

Which of the following is derived from cranial NCCs?

A. Lens of eye
B. Pia mater
C. Dura mater
D. Pineal gland
E. Olfactory placode
A

B. Pia mater

Neuro Exam 2 (21 decks)

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