CIS Spinal Cord and Visual System Flashcards
Important system in arousal, alertness, attention, and sleep; is essential for cortical activation and the ability to examine a conscious patient
ARAS
Pt presents with poor peripheral vision, but can see things directly in front of them. Also c/o weight gain and problems recalling recent events. What is the diagnosis?
Bitemporal hemianopsia with Korsakoff’s syndrome
Korsakoff’s syndrome indicates involvement of what anatomical struture?
Mammillary bodies
Supranuclear facial palsy results from lesion in what system?
Corticobulbar tract
Spastic paralysis, +babinskis, hyperreflexia, etc. are symptoms seen when what system is involved?
CST
The optic tract sits close to what brain structure, causing the spastic paralysis that may be seen with visual symptoms?
Cerebellar peduncle
Difference in function between frontal and occipital eye fields
Frontal eye fields = volitional eye movement
Occipital eye fields = non-volitional eye movement
______ syndrome may present with large acoustic neuromas causing unsteadiness in walking and weakness in muscles of one side of the face. This is d/t this type of syndrome affecting CNs ____, ____, and _____
Cerebellopontine
V, VII, and VIII (as well as cerebellum)
Patterns of alternating hemianalgesia may be indicative of either of what 2 conditions? What are the differentiating presentations?
Cerebellopontine syndrome (CPA) —> deafness
Lateral medullary syndrome —> swallowing difficulties
Spastic paralysis indicates involvement of the CST. What anatomical structure does the CST pass through that causes these symptoms?
Middle 3/5 of cerebellar peduncle
Internal strabismus is indicative of _____ n. palsy which is indicated at the level of the _____ junction
Abducens; pontomedullary
What is the boxcar sign?
A “squaring” of the lateral ventricles d/t atrophy of the caudate nucleus
Indicative of Huntington’s disease
Examination of a conscious patient assesses function of the:
A. Basal ganglia B. Limbic system C. Cerebellum D. Thalamus E. ARAS and cerebral cortex
E. ARAS and cerebral cortex
Complete anesthesia of the right side of the face, loss of blink reflex on the right, and paralysis of the right temporalis and masseter muscles indicates impairment of which of the following?
A. Corticobulbar fibers B. Descending tract of V C. Ophthalmic n. D. Trigeminal motor nucleus E. Trigeminal n.
E. Trigeminal n.
Complete anesthesia of the right side of the face, loss of blink reflex on the right, and paralysis of the right temporalis and masseter muscles indicates impairment of the trigeminal n. This deficit pattern indicates involvement of which of the following?
A. Corticobulbar fibers B. Descending tract of V C. Medial lemniscus D. Nucleus ambiguus E. Trigeminal n.
B. Descending tract of V
A deficit in the descending tract of CN V indicates involvement of which of the following?
A. Corticospinal tract B. Main sensory nucleus of V C. Mesencephalic tract of V D. Spinal lemniscus E. Trigeminal n.
D. Spinal lemniscus
The secondary axon conveying pain and temperature from the right side of the face is located in which of the following?
A. Descending tract of V B. Main sensory nucleus of V C. Spinal lemniscus D. Trigeminal lemniscus E. Trigeminal n.
D. Trigeminal lemniscus
Complete deafness of the right ear indicates involvement of which of the following?
A. Lateral lemniscus B. Cristae ampullaris C. Inferior geniculate body D. Vestibular nuclei E. Vestibulocochlear n.
E. Vestibulocochlear n.
[specifically the cochlear division]