Practice Exam Questions Flashcards
1
Q
What are the major varieties of Entre-Deux-Mers
A
Semillon
Sauvignon Blanc
2
Q
T/F: Garonne and Dordogne rivers connect at the Gironde estuary and flow out to the Atlantic Ocean
A
True
3
Q
Explain the differences in soils in the Medoc and St. Emilion. How does this affect the varieties grown in each?
A
In the Medoc, the soils are gravel croupes (mounds of gravel) unearthed when the Dutch drained the Medoc. The gravel retains daily heat and drains well which is good for Cabernet Sauvignon.
In St. Emilion the soils are clay based, which retains more water and are cooler in temperature. This is great soil for Merlot as it tends to be a vigorous vine and the soils temper it’s growth
4
Q
What regional appellation in Bordeaux is for dry red wines and OFF-DRY white wines?
A
Bordeaux Superior AOP
5
Q
What are the six commune appellations of the Haut-Medoc?
A
St. Estephe, St. Julien, Margaux, Paulliac, Listrac, Moulis
6
Q
What are the five first growths of Bordeaux
A
Latour
Lafite-Rothschild
Moutin Rothschild
Margaux
Haut-Brion
7
Q
Explain the St. Emilion Classification System
A
Created in 1955, the St. Emilion classification system was meant to be revised every decade and catagorized Chateau into Grand Cru Classe A, Grand Cru Classe B, and Grand Cru Classe. This is different than St. Emilion Grand Cru, which is awarded to Chateau after submitting their wines to a tasting panel and meeting requirements such as a minimum of 12.5 abv. Any Chateau can apply for Grand Cru status(and many have the designation of), but very few are awarded Grand Cru Classe
8
Q
Name four sweet wine appellations of Bordeaux
A
Sauternes, Barsac, Cadillac, St. Croix du Mont
9
Q
Put these villages in order from North to South: Pommard, Morey-St-Denis, Beaune, Nuits-Saint-Georges, Gevrey-Chambertin
A
Gevrey-Chambertin
Morey-St-Denis
Nuits-Saint-Georges
Beaune
Pommard
10
Q
What is the major river of Burgundy
A
Saone
11
Q
What are the soils of the Cote-de-Nuits
A
Marl, clay, limestone
12
Q
What is the Napoleonic Code
A
Created in 1804, it required that all male heirs received equal shares of inheritance. This fractured the vineyards in Burgundy and is why they are so fragmented to this day
13
Q
Explain the grapes and process of making Cremant de Bourgogne
A
Traditional method sparkling wine where the 2nd fermentation takes place inside the bottle
9 months on the lees
Pinot Noir, Chardonnay
14
Q
Name the Grand Crus of Puligny-Montrachet
A
Le Montrachet
Chevalier-Montrachet
Bienvenue-Batard-Montrachet
15
Q
What are the dosage levels for Champagne from driest to sweetest
A
Brut Nature (0-3g)
Extra Brut (0-6g)
Brut (0-12g)
Extra Dry (12-17g)
Sec (17-32g)
Demi-Sec (32-50g)
Doux (50+g)
16
Q
What grapes are used to make Champagne
A
Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
Meunier
17
Q
What are the five districts of Champagne? What varieties are more prominently grown in each
A
Montagne de Reims (PN)
Valee de la Marne (PM)
Cotes de Blancs (CH)
Cotes Sezanne (CH)
Cotes de Bar (PN)
18
Q
Explain the steps of Methode Champenoise (11)
A
Initial vinification
blending
bottling
addition of liqueur di tirage
secondary fermentation
lees aging
riddling
Disgorgement
liqueur di expedition
corking
resting
19
Q
What is the main soil type in Champagne
A
Chalk
20
Q
What is remuage
A
Riddling
21
Q
Explain the Echelle des Crus
A
introduced in 1920 (since ceased)
ranked different villages into quality levels from 80-100
helped stabilize market prices for grapes
percentage was equal to amount of money CIVC set for the price of grapes
if a village is ranked 90%, and the cost of grapes was $100 a kilo, then all the producers in that village would receive $90 per kilo
Basic; 80-89%
Premier Cru; 90-99%
Grand Cru: 100%
22
Q
What is the Club Tresors? Name three producers
A
28 Artisan Wine makers in Champagne
Paul Bara
Salmon
Forget-Chemin
23
Q
Explain the differences in wine styles from the right and left banks of Chablis. Why?
A
Left Bank: cooler morning sunlight and afternoon shade. less ripeness, more austere,higher in acid.
Right Bank: warmer afternoon sunlight , higher levels of ripeness, more fruit, higher alcohol
24
Q
What are the noble varieties of Alsace
A
Riesling
Gewurztraminer
Pinot Gris
Muscat
25
What is the major mountain range in Alsace, what does it do
The Voges Mountains run north to south on the western edge of Alsace. They create a rainshadow effect that makes Alsace the sunniest wine growing region in France
26
How many Grand Cru vineyards are there in Alsace
51
27
Explain the difference between SGN and VT
VT or Vendanges Tardives, is a late harvest wine from Alsace that may or may not be affected by botrytis. Usually the additional hang time will increase the ripeness of fruit and alcohol in the wine. These can range from dry to slightly sweet.
SGN or Selection des Grains Nobles are wines from grapes affected by botrytis and have additional hang time. These wines will be higher residual sugar and showcase notes of ginger, saffron and honey from the botrytis
28
What is Vin Jaune, where is it from and how is it made
Vin jaune (French for "yellow wine") is a special and characteristic type of white wine made in the Jura region in eastern France. It is similar to dry fino Sherry and gets its character from being matured in a barrel under a film of yeast, known as the voile, on the wine's surface. It is not fortified and dry, but made from late harvest Savagnin grapes
29
What are the grape varieties grown in the Savoie (6)
RED
Pinot Noir
Gamay
Mondeuse
WHITE
Chardonnay
Roussanne
Chasselas
30
What are the four major subregions of the Loire from West to East
Pays Nantais
Anjou-Saumur
Touraine
Central Vineyards
31
Explain the climate of each of the four subregions of the Loire Valley
Pays Nantais: Maritime
Anjou-Saumur: maritime with slight continental influence
Touraine: continental with maritime influence
Central Vineyards: continental
32
Which subregion(s) of the Loire are you most likely to find Sauvignon Blanc
Central Vineyards
*and also Touraine!*
33
What are the soils of Anjou-Saumur (4)
granite, schist, sandstone and volcanic
34
What AOP in the Loire is for a single biodynamic estate
Coulee de Serrant by Nicolas Joly
35
What is the grape and explain the styles of wine from the Muscadet AOPs
Melon (or Melon de Bourgogne)
high acid, citrus and crushed rock, minerality. Typically aged on lees to increase complexity and create yeasty notes
36
What wine growing regions are located on the east side of the river in the Northern Rhone
Hermitage
Crozes-Hermitage
37
What AOPs of the Northern Rhone can be have Viognier either blended into other wines, or be bottled as a white wine
Cote-Rotie
Condrieu
Chateau Grillet
38
What style of wines is St. Peray known for?
Still and sparkling wine from Marsanne and Roussanne
39
What style of wine is Tavel known for
Grenache based Rose
40
What styles of wine are made in Cotes de Provence
Predominantly Rose
41
What are the main grape varieties for red wines of Provence
Grenache
Syrah
Mourvedre
Cinsault
Carignan
42
What styles of wines does Bandol produce
Whites from Clairette
Rose & Red from Mouvedre, Cinsault and Grenache
43
What grape varieties are grown on Corsica (5)
WHITE
Vermentino
Ugni Blanc
RED
Grenache
Nielluccio (Sangiovese)
Sciaccarello
44
Explain the difference between Methode Ancestral and Blanquette de Limoux as it pertains to the Limoux AOP
Method Ancestrale is made from 100% Mauzac and is a sparkling wine that goes through one fermentation in bottle.
Blanquette de Limoux is a fully sparkling wine that is made from 90% Mauzac plus Chardonnay and Chenin Blanc. This wine is made in the Method Traditionelle
45
What are the AOPs for Muscat in the Languedoc
de Frontignan
de Lunel
de Mireval
Saint-Jean-de-Minervois
46
Explain Vin Doux Naturel, what AOPs are for Vin Doux Naturel in Roussillon
VDNs are wines that are made in a Port style and fortified during fermentation to leave residual sugar in the wine. They are usually red and sweet in style.
Rivesaltes
Muscat de Rivesaltes
Maury
Banyuls
47
Explain the styles of wines from Bergerac AOP
Similar to Bordeaux
Red and white
Merlot, Cabernet Sauv, Semillon, Sauv Blanc, etc.
48
What are the varieties grown in Madiran AOP
Tannat, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Fer
49
What are the levels of classification for Italian Wine Law (4)
Vino de Tavola
IGT
DOC
DOCG
50
What is the Goria's Law and how did it affect Italian Wine Law
After the rise of Super Tuscans and their classified as Vino di Tavola, Goria's Law was enacted to create the IGT level for wines, giving them more freedom then the DOC/DOCG system
51
What are the two main soil types of Barolo
Sandstone and marl
52
What is "Menzioni Geografiche Aggiuntive"?
Single vineyard bottlings from the best crus, such as Cannubi in Barolo or Rabajà in Barbaresco were given status as menzioni geografiche aggiuntive (official geographic areas) of the DOCG in 2007. In early 2010 Barolo followed suit
53
What are the aging requirements for Barbaresco and Barbaresco Riserva
26 months aging with 9 months in wood
Riserva: 50 months aging with 9 months in wood
54
What style of wine is Asti DOCG
Asti is a sparkling wine made in the charmat method with Moscato grapes
55
List the grapes and styles for Franciacorta DOCG
Traditional method sparkling wines from Chardonnay, Pinot Nero, Pinot Bianco, Erbamat
56
What is the grape of Valtellina Superiore DOCG
Nebbiolo
57
List four white grapes of Liguria
Bosco
Bianchetta
Trebbiano Toscano
Moscato
58
What colors and styles of wine is usually made from the Lambrusco grape
Frizzante and spumante red and rose
59
What is the climate of Trentino-Alto Adige
Alpine
60
What are the main bodies of water in Trentino-Alto Adige (2)
Lake Garda
Adige River
61
What styles of wine are made in Teroldego Rotaliano DOC (2)
Dry red and rose wines from Teroldego
62
Explain the process of making Amarone della Valpolicella
Amarone is made by drying the harvested grapes in lofts called Fruttai, which concentrates the sugars and flavors. The wine is then fermented dry and the resulting wine has rich, dried fruit notes and high alcohol
63
What are the DOCGs for prosecco in the Veneto
Colli Asolani
Conegliano Valdobiadenne
64
What is Rive
A collection of superior vineyards
65
Name three important local white grape varietals in Fruili
Picolit
Friulano
Malvasia
Muller-Thurgau
66
Explain the variation in climates in the Veneto and how it affects grape growing
The Veneto has an array of climates, ranging from Mediterranean in the south, continental in the piedmont, and more of an Alpine influence to the north
67
What country has a similar history and wine styles as Fruili?
Slovenia
68
What is the major sea that influences Tuscany
Tyrannean sea
69
Name two different clones of Sangiovese
Prugnolo gentile
sangiovese grosso
sangioveto
nielluccio
70
What are the two main soil types of Chianti
Marl and sandstone
71
What year was the first super Tuscan released? Who released it
1968, by Marquis Mario Rochetta, the wine was Sassicaia
72
What varietals can be blended into a super Tuscan? Why?
Local grapes to Tuscany such as Sangiovese with a mix of international varietals such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Malbec and Syrah. Bordeaux varieties were chosen based on the climatic and soil similarities to Bordeaux itself.
73
What are the main differences between Chianti and Chianti Classico
Chianti is a minimum 70% Sangiovese with seven subzones and comes from a wider growing area. It can be labeled with Riserva or Superiore.
Chianti Classico is considered the "original" growing area and has more restrictions on amount of Sangiovese (80%) yield, and aging. It has fours subzones and can be labeled Classico, Riserva, and Gran Selezione (min. 90% sangiovese and estate grown).
74
Define the term "Governo?"
wine is refermented with the juice of dried grapes. This gives the Chianti higher alcohol, more body, and a deeper color and flavor profile
75
What are the aging requirements for Brunello and Brunello Riserva
5 years, 2 years in wood, 4 months in bottle
6 years, 2 years in wood, 6 months in bottle
76
What styles of wine are made in Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG
70% minimum Sangiovese
77
Explain the difference between Bolgheri, Bolgheri Sassicaia, and Sant'Antimo DOCs
Bolgheri DOC: for white, rosato, red, varietal Vermentino, Sauvignon Blanc, and Super Tuscan blends.
Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC: Single estate DOC for Cabernet based wines.
Sant'Antimo DOC: Larger area for Super Tuscan Blends, and wines from all varieties grown in Tuscany including Vin Santo. This is a larger "umbrella" appellation for Super Tuscans
78
What styles of wine are produced in Sagrantino di Montefalco
dry to sweet reds from the sagrantino grape
79
What region would you find the Cesanese grape
Lazio
80
Explain the differences of Taurasi DOCG and Aglianico del Taburno DOCG
Taurasi : red only
Aglianico del Taburno: red and rosé
81
Name the three most prominent white grapes of Campania
Greco
Fiano
Falanghina
82
Name the DOCG for Primitivo in Apulia
Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale DOCG for sweet red wine
83
What are the main grape varieties for Salice Salentino DOCG (2)
Negroamaro and Chardonnay
84
What is the only DOCG in Basillicata
Aglianico del Vulture Superiore DOCG
85
What are the main grape varieties (red and white) for Etna DOC
WHITE
Carricante
catarratto
RED
Nerello Mascalese
Nerello Cappuccio
86
What DOCG would you find Nero d'Avola and Frappato
Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG
87
Explain what Marsala is, what colors it comes in, and the vareities used
fortified wine from Sicily
WHITE
Grillo, Inzolia, Catarratto, Damaschino
RED
Perricone, Nero d'Avola, Nerello Mascalese
various levels of sweetness
88
What did the German Wine Law of 1971 do
In 1971, they grouped over 30,000 single vineyards into just over 2,600 with geographical boundaries as the only determining factor
89
What does Erstes Gewachs mean in the new 2021 law, and what are the requirements
Single vineyard, single variety, must be dry
90
Put these in order from largest to smallest: Ortswein, Grosses Gewachs, Region, Area
Area
Region
Ortswein
Grosses Gewachs
91
What is the new gU system? What are the requirements
Single vineyards given PDO status. Must be dry, Aüslese or sweeter
92
What styles can a wine labeled "Auslese" be
Dry to sweet
May be affected by Botrytis
93
Explain the differences between Deutscher Sekt, Deustcher Sekt b.A, and Winzersekt
Deutscher Sekt (grapes from Germany, Charmat method)
Deutcher sekt b.A (85% of grapes coming from an Anbaugebiet, Charmat method)
Winzersekt (traditional bottle fermentation, minimum 9 months on lees, 100% estate-grown fruit, varietal, and vintage must be on the label)
94
What does an AmtlichePrufungsnummer NOT tell you
Year of harvest
95
What are the two main tributaries of the Mosel
Saar and Ruwer
96
What are the main soils of the Mosel
Blue Slate
Red Slate
Sandstone
Clay
97
Where would you find the villages of Assmannshausen, Geisenheim, and Rudesheim
Rheingau
98
What are the three main varietals of the Rheingau
Riesling
Muller-Thurgau
Spatburgunder
99
What is the soil of the Roter Hang
Iron rich sandstone and clay
Roter Hang is in Rheinhessen
100
Who makes G-Max and where is it from
G-Max is a dry riesling made by Weingut Keller from undisclosed vineyards in the Rheinhessen
101
What gives the Pfalz a slight rain-shadow effect
Haardt Mountains
102
What is the main grape variety of the Ahr
Spatburgunder
103
What are the soils of Franken? What varietal are they known for
gypsum, limestone, and Keuper (marl and limestone)
Sylvaner
104
What styles of wine are made in Baden and Wurttemberg (5)
Red, white, rose, sparkling, sweet
Spatburgunder, Chardonnay, Grauburgunder, Weisburgunder, Riesling
105
Explain the 4 tiers of Austrian sekt
Klassic (charmat and traditional allowed, 9 months on lees)
Reserve (traditional method, 18 months on lees)
Grosse Reserve (traditional method, 30 months on lees)
Hauersekt (grower, traditional method, steps performed by grower, include village and vintage)
106
What is a ried
A "top site" in Austria. This may be used instead of the village for single vineyard wines
107
What are the three classifications for Gruner Veltliner in the Wachau
Steinfeder (max 11.5%)
Federspiel (11.5%-12.5%)
Smaragd (min 12.5%)
108
What are the major varieties of the Niederosterreich
Riesling and Gruner Veltliner
109
What styles of wine are allowed in Rosalia DAC
Red and Rose from Blaufrankish
110
What is Gemischer Satz
A blended white wine made in Wein (Vienna) Austria
111
Service: We like oaked Chardonnay but don't want anything from California. What would your recommend?
a) Margaret River (2022 Leewan Estate Art Series)
b) Oregon (2021 Donaine Drouhin Arthur)
112
Service: Give me 5 blended malt scotches
Johnny Walker Black/Red/Blue
Dewars
Glenlivet makes a blend
Chivas Regal
Monkey Shoulder (new popular)
113
Service: Name 3 orange liquers
Gran Marnier
Cointreau
Triple Sec
114
Service: We like wines with a lot of smoky character but not jammy. What would you recommend?
2020 Chapoutier Côte Rotie or Cornas
115
Service: What is the difference between Blanco, Reposado, and Anejo tequila
Blanco - unaged
Reposado - aged up to 1 year
Añejo - aged 1-2 years
116
Service: 3 examples of Anejo tequila
Don Julio
Patron
Cazadores
Milagro
*they are trying to trick you by naming a style, but most houses produce all 3 styles
117
Service: What is in a Mai Tai
Dark Rum
Light Rum
Amaretto
Orange Juice
Pineapple Juice
splash of grenadine
118
Service: What is in a French 75
Gin
Champagne
Lemon juice
Simple syrup
Served in a flute
119
Service: What is in a Manhattan
Whiskey or Rye
Vermouth
Bitters
Maraschino Cherry
Served in martini glass
120
Service: What is in a Last Word cocktail
Gin
Chartreuse
Maraschino
Lime
121
Service: What is Grappa made from and where is it from
Distilled from grape skins and pulp
Made in Italy
Very bitter
122
Service: What is the main flavor in Ouzo and where is it from
Licorice
Greece
123
Service: What is Nihonshu-do
sake meter that tells you how sweet your sake is
124
Name 1 second growth from each region in the Haut-Medoc
St. Estephe: Cos d'Estournel
St. Julien: Ducru Beaucaullou, Leoville La Cases
Margaux: Rauzan Segla
Pauillac: Pichon Longueville Baron
125
What is the 4th growth of Pauillac with first growth quality
Lynch Bages
126
What is Vino de Pago
Single estate designation to give wineries more freedom from DO laws
127
What are the two DOCas of Spain
Rioja
Priorat
128
In Spain, what styles of wine can be labeled Gran Reserva
Red
White
Rose
129
In Rioja, what are the aging requirements for Riserva wines (red and white)
reds: min. 3 years aging, with at least 1 year in oak
whites and rosados: min. 2 years of aging, with at least 6 months in oak
130
What are the Native white grapes of Rioja (3)
Viura, Verdejo, Garnacha Blanca
131
What is the major river of Rioja
Ebro
132
What are the three sub-regions of Rioja
Alta
Alavesa
Oriental
133
What is the major body of water in Castilla y Leon
Duero River
134
What styles and varieties are allowed in Ribera del Duero DO
rosado and red wines from Tinta del Pais (Tempranillo), Garnacha, Malbec, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon
whites from Abillo Mayor
135
List five grape varietals allowed in Cava production
Xarello, Paralleda, Macabeo, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir
136
Explain Cava de Paraje Calificado
Single vineyard wines similar to Grower/Producers in Champagne/ These cavas must be hand harvested, vines must be a minumum of 10 years old, vintage dated, and can only be Brut, Extra-Brut and Brut Nature in style, they must be aged a minimum 36 months on the lees.
137
What are the soils of Priorat and what varieties do they grow
Licorella (black slate and quartzite)
Garnacha
Carignan
138
What Spanish region is known for Albarino
Rias Baixas
139
List the subzones of Rias Biaxas
Val do Salnes
Ribeira do Ulla
Soutomaior
O Rosal
Condado do Tea
140
Explain the difference between Fino Sherry and Oloroso Sherry
Both are dry
Fino is made using biological aging under a layer of flor and is 15-17% abv
Oloroso is made using oxidative aging and is 17-22% abv
141
What is the most well known of the Canary Islands for wine production
Graciosa
142
What does Colheita Seleccionada mean on a bottle of Portugese wine
Still wine with 1% higher abv than required legal minimum
143
What styles of wine are made in the Douro Valley
red, white, rosado, sparkling, late harvest, fortified
144
What are the three subzones of the Douro Valley
Cima Corgo
Baixa Corgo
Douro Superiore
145
How long does Late Bottled Vintage Port have to be aged
4 years minimum
6 years maximum
146
What is a single quinta port
Single quintas are named after the estate where the grapes were grown and the wine was made. Port houses will release single quinta wines if the vintage is good, but they do not want to declare an overall port vintage.
147
What is the major river of Vinho Verde
Minho
148
Which Lisboa DOP is for fortified wines only
Lourinha
149
What styles of wine is Setubal DOP known for
Fortified
150
What are the four main varieties for varietally labeled Madeira in order from driest to sweetest
Sercial
Verdelho
Boal
Malmsey
151
What are the 3 most important vineyards in Washington State
Champoux Vineyards in Horse Heaven Hills
Boushey Vineyard in Yakima
Cailloux Vineyard in Walla Walla
152
What are the 2 sub AVA's of the Finger Lakes
Cayuga
Seneca
153
What is the grower/producer movement in Chile and when was it created
MOVI
2009
154
What does AVA stand for and what does it regulate
American Viticultural Area, it is a single tract of land with similar growing attributes. It does not regulate grape growing, varieties, harvest, yields, or winemaking
155
When labeled with an AVA, what is the minimum percentage of grapes that have to be from that area
85%
156
What is another species of grapes used to make wine besides Vitis vinifera
North American rootstock
Vitis labrusca
Vitis rotundifolia
157
What is the percentage abv for "table wine"
7-14%
158
What does "Estate Bottled" regulate
Wines labeled with Estate Bottled must come from grapes that are 100% grown on land controlled or owned by the winery
159
What years mark the beginning and end of Prohibition
1920-1933
160
Put these AVAs in order of North to South: Monterey, Mendocino, Russian River, Livermore
Mendocino, Russian River, Livermore, Monterey
161
What body of water has the most influence on the Napa Valley? Why
The San Pablo Bay. It brings cooler temperatures to the southern part of the valley, and the heat of the region pulls in the morning fog over the valley that increases the growing season.
162
What is the most southerly AVA in Napa
Carneros
163
What is the newest AVA of Sonoma
West Sonoma Coast
164
What is the climate of Santa Barbara? What varieties is this region known for?
Maritime with Mediterannean influences
Pinot Noir and Chardonnay
165
What AVAs do Oregon and Washington share?
Walla Walla, Columbia Valley, Columbia Gorge
166
How many AVAs does Wilamette Valley have
11
167
What is the southernmost AVA in Oregon
Rogue Valley
168
Explain the climatic differences between Eastern and Western Washington
The Cascade Mountains run north to south through the state and create a drastic rainshadow effect. Western Washington has a maritime climate, with slightly warm summers and cool winters with high levels of rain fall. Eastern Washington is dry and desertous, with a full contintental climate, hot summers, and freezing winters. Because of this irrigation is essential in Eastern Washington, and it is a good environment for both red varietals that need high amounts of sunshine and varietals that are cold hardy
169
Where is the Champoux Vineyard
Horse Heaven Hills
170
Name 3 AVAs that are nested in the Yakima Valley AVA
Goose Gap
Rattlesnake HIlls
Snipes Mountain
171
What are the three AVAs of the Finger Lakes
Finger Lakes AVA
Cayuga Lake AVA
Seneca Lake AVA
172
What percentage of grapes have to come from the stated vineyard for Single Vineyard Wines in Canada
100%
173
Name 2 GI’s in British Columbia
Similkameen Valley
Fraser Valley
174
Put these wine regions in order from North to South: La Rioja, Mendoza, Salta, Rio Negro
Salta, La Rioja, Mendoza, Rio Negro
175
List three climatic and winegrowing influences of the Andes in Mendoza
High elevation increases UV intensity and increases the thickness of grape skins
The growing season is longer based on cooler temperatures
The Andes provide ample irrigation from snowmelt.
176
What does Gran Reserva stand for on a bottle of Argentinian wine (red and white)
Red : 2 years aging
White: 1 year aging
177
Major sub-regions of Mendoza
Lujan de Cuyo
Uco Valley
178
What are the three major climates of Chilean wine regions
Desert, Mediterranean, and Maritime
179
What does Riserva Privada indicate on a bottle of Chilean wine
min. 12.5% abv
180
What famous estate is a partnership between Concha y Toro and Baron Phillipe de Rothschild
Almaviva in Chile
181
What are the sub-regions of Valle Central DO
Maipo, Rapel, Curico, Maule
182
Place these from North to South: Valle Central, Aconcagua, Atacama, Sur, Coquimbo
Atacama, Coquimbo, Aconcagua, Valle Central, Sur
183
Explain the blending law and percentages in Australia
For blended wines, the varieties must be listed in descending order of percentage in the blend, and all the listed varieties must make up a minimum of 85% of grapes in the blend
184
What style of wine is Topaque
Sweet, fortified wine aged in a solera system made from Muscat
185
What style of wine is Topaque
Sweet, fortified wine aged in a solera system made from Muscat
186
Which region in Australia is known for sparkling wine
Tasmania
187
Arrange these from East to West: Barossa Valley, Eden Valley, Hunter, Coonawara
Hunter Valley, Coonawara, Eden Valley, Barossa
188
What is the name of the major mountain range in New South Wales
Great Dividing Range
189
Explain Terra Rossa and where it is found
Terra Rossa is a red iron rich soil that is rich in clay and silt. It is most famous for being the soil of Coonawara and produces red-fruited Cabernets, but it can be found throughout most growing regions in Australia.
190
What is Clarendon Hills high-quality wine
Astralis Shiraz
191
Name the two most famous regions for Riesling in Australia
Eden Valley
Clare Valley
192
What is James Busby famous for
Bringing Vitis vinifera vines to both Australia and New Zealand. He became the first and msot important enologist and consultant for both countries
193
What is the major mountain range on the south island of New Zealand
The Southern Alps
194
Wellington houses what GI
Wairarapa
195
In New Zealand, when a wine is labeled with a GI what percent of the fruit must be from that GI?
85%
196
Explain the differences between SAWIS and SAWIT in South Africa
In 1999 the South African Wine Industry Trust (SAWIT) was formed to empower black workers, finance new projects, and set quality-minded growing areas and winemaking techniques. The South Africa Wine Informations System (SAWIS) is the two-fold system that collects data from the SAWIT program and approves and enforces the WO system
197
What is Cap Classique
Traditional method sparkling wine in South Africa
198
What is the variety in Vin de Constance
Muscat
199
Explain "Cape Blends" when used as a labeling term in South Africa
Cape Blends require 30-70% Pinotage and can be blended with any other red grape
varieties, but mainly Bordeaux. Many think this is to round out the synthetic notes Pinotage
can have, this is an official designation
200
Which region is best known for Pinot Noir in South Africa
Walker BAy
201
Devon Valley, Bottelary, and Jonkershoek are all wards of what district
Stellenbosch
202
What is the climate of Swartland
Mediterranean with a slight continental influence
