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A Level Chemistry > Practical > Flashcards

Practical Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 5 things to consider when observing reactions?

A
  • colour from start to end (maybe middle)
  • state
  • temperature
  • smell
  • speed of reaction
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2
Q

define effervescence

A

bubbles in a liquid

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3
Q

define solution

A

solute dissolved in solvent

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4
Q

define precipitation

A

substance in solid form from solution

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5
Q

define immiscible

A

incapable of being mixed

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6
Q

define gelatinous

A

jelly like consistency

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7
Q

what is an acid/base reaction ?

A

H+ ions are transferred

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8
Q

what is a decomposition reaction?

A

breakdown of a substance to form more than one product

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9
Q

what is a precipitation reaction ?

A

formation of a solid when two solutions react

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10
Q

when would you use distillation over reflux ?

A

when desired product may react further

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11
Q

outline the process of recrystallisation

A
  1. add hot solvent to impure sample
  2. leave to cool - crystals will begin to form
  3. filtrate crystals under reduced pressure
  4. wash w/ cold solvent and dry
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12
Q

what must the solvent be for recrystallisation ?

A 
product is soluble in hot solvent 
product is (nearly) insoluble in cold solvent
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13
Q

how does filtering by reduced pressure work ?

A
  • mixture poured into Buchner funnel w/ filter paper
  • flask connected to vacuum line, so under reduced pressure
  • liquid is sucked into flask
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14
Q

state the way to measure melting point

A
  • put small amount of solid in capillary tube
  • put into beaker of oil w/ sensitive thermometer
  • slowly heat and stir
  • record temp that the solid melts
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15
Q

independent variable -

A

variable you change

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16
Q

dependent variable

A

variable you measure

17
Q

what is reflux ?

A

heating reaction mixture w/ condenser so evaporated materials condense back in mixture

18
Q

valid results

A

controlling variables

19
Q

accurate results

A

close to true answer

20
Q

precise results

A

repeat and mean

precise apparatus

21
Q

percentage error =

A

uncertainty / reading x 100

A Level Chemistry (21 decks)

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