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A Level Chemistry > Organic Synthesis > Flashcards

Organic Synthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

what is acidified dichromate ?

A

K2Cr2O7 + sulfuric acid

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2
Q

how do you make aldehyde from alcohol ?

A

add [O] and distill

must be primary alcohol

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3
Q

how do you make ketone from alcohol ?

A

add [O] and reflux

must be secondary alcohol

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4
Q

how do you make carboxylic acid from alcohol ?

A

add 2[O] and reflux

must be primary alcohol

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5
Q

how do you make alcohol from haloalkane ?

A
  • warm NaOH / KOH (alkaline)
  • water
  • reflux
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6
Q

how do you make haloalkane from alcohol ?

A
  • sulfuric acid

- source of halide ions (e.g.NaBr)

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7
Q

what does [O] represent ?

A

oxidising agent - acidified dichromate in this case

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8
Q

what is the other product of oxidation ?

A

water

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9
Q

how do you make haloalkane from alkane ?

A
  • halogen (e.g. Cl2)

- UV light

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10
Q

how do you make alkane from alkene ?

A
  • Hydrogen gas
  • nickel catalyst
  • 150 ‘C
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11
Q

how do you make dihaloalkane from alkene ?

A
  • halogen
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12
Q

what type of reaction is alkene —> dihaloalkane ?

A

electrophilic addition

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13
Q

how do you make alcohol from alkene ?

A
  • steam
  • phosphoric acid catalyst
  • 300 ‘C
  • 60-70 atm
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14
Q

how do you make alkene from alcohol ?

A
  • conc acid catalyst

- heat

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15
Q

how do you make haloalkane from alkene ?

A
  • hydrogen halide
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16
Q

what type of reaction is alkene —> haloalkane ?

A

electrophilic addition

A Level Chemistry (21 decks)

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