PPL – PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT Flashcards
- As altitude increases, the indicated airspeed at which a given airplane stalls in a particular configuration will:
remain the same regardless of altitude.
decrease as the true airspeed decreases.
decrease as the airspeed increases.
remain the same regardless of altitude.
- An airplane will stall at the same:
angle of attack regardless of the altitude with relation to the horizon
airspeed regardless of the altitude with relation to the horizon
angle of attack and altitude with relation to the horizon
angle of attack regardless of the altitude with relation to the horizon
- A turn coordinator provides an indicator of the:
Angle of bank up to but not exceeding 30°.
Attitude of the aircraft with reference to the longitudinal axis.
Movement of the aircraft about the yaw and roll axes.
Movement of the aircraft about the yaw and roll axes.
- How should a pilot determine the direction of bank from an attitude indicator as the one illustrated?
By the direction of deflection of the banking scale (A).
By the relationship of the miniature airplane © to the deflected horizon
bar (B)
By the direction of deflection of the horizon bar (B).
By the relationship of the miniature airplane © to the deflected horizon
bar (B)
- The most important rule to remember in the event of a power failure after becoming airborne is to:
quickly check the fuel supply for possible fuel axhaustion.
determine the wind direction to plan for the forced landing
immediately establish the proper gliding attitude and airspeed
immediately establish the proper gliding attitude and airspeed.
- What force makes an airplane turn?
The vertical component of lift.
Centrifugal force.
The horizontal component of lift.
The horizontal component of lift.
- What does P-factor cause the airplane to yaw to the left?
When at high angles of attack.
When at low angles of attack.
When at high airspeeds.
When at high angles of attack.
- Which basic flight maneuver increases the load factor on an airplane as compared to straight-and-level flight?
Turns
Climbs
Stalls
Turns
- One of the main functions of flaps during approach and landing is to:
decrease the angle of descent without increasing the airspeed.
increase the angle of descent without increasing the airspeed.
permit a touchdown at a higher
indicated airspeed.
increase the angle of descent without increasing the airspeed.
- The wind condition that requires maximum caution when avoiding wake turbulence on landing is a:
light, quartering headwind.
light, quartering tailwind.
strong headwind.
light, quartering tailwind.
- When landing behind a large aircraft, the pilot should avoid wake turbulence by staying?
Above the large aircraft’s final approach path and landing beyond the large aircraft’s touchdown point.
Below the large aircraft’s final approach path and landing before
aircraft’s touchdown point.
Above the large aircraft’s final approach path and landing before the large aircraft’s touchdown point
Below the large aircraft’s final approach path and landing before
aircraft’s touchdown point.
- The stalling speed of an airplane is most affected by:
changes in air density
variations in flight altitude
variations in airplane loading
variations in airplane loading
- During the Transition from straight-and-level flight to a climb, the angle of attack is increased and lift:
is momentarily decreased
remains the same
is momentarily increased
is momentarily increased
- In theory, if the airspeed of an airplane is doubled while in level flight, parasite drag will become:
twice as great
half as great
four times greater
four times greater
- Stall speed is affected by:
weight, load factor, and power
load factor, angle of attack, and power
angle of attack, weight, and air density
weight, load factor, and power
- Airplane wing load during a level coordinated turn in smooth air depends upon the:
rate of turn
angle of bank
true airspeed
angle of bank
- To produce the same lift while in ground effect as when out of ground effect, the airplane requires:
a lower angle of attack
the same angle of attack
a greater angle of attack
a lower angle of attack
- If airspeed is increased during a level turn, what action would be necessary to maintain altitude? The angle of attack:
and angle of bank must be decreased
must be increased or angle of bank decreased
must be decreased or angle of bank increased
must be decreased or angle of bank increased
- If a standard rate turn is maintained, how long would it take to turn 360°?
1 minute
2 minutes
3 minutes
2 minutes
- To increase the rate of turn at the same time decrease the radius, a pilot should:
maintain the bank and decreased airspeed
increase the bank and increase airspeed
increase the bank and decrease airspeed
increase the bank and decrease airspeed
- Which is true regarding the use of flaps during level turns?
The lowering of flaps increases the stall speed
The raising of flaps increases the stall speed
Raising flaps will require added forward pressure on the yoke or
stick
The raising of flaps increases the stall speed
- A rectangular wing, as compared to other wing platforms, has a tendency to stall first at the:
Wingtip, with the stall progression toward the wing root
Wing root, with the stall progression toward the wingtip
Center trailing edge, with the stall progression outward toward the wing root and tip
Wing root, with the stall progression toward the wingtip
- The angle of attack of a wing directly controls the:
Angle of incidence of the wing
Amount of airflow above and below the wing
Distribution of pressures acting on the wing
Distribution of pressures acting on the wing
- By changing the angle of attack of a wing, a pilot can control the airplane’s:
Lift, airspeed, and drag
Lift, airspeed and CG
Lift and airspeed, but not drag
Lift, airspeed, and dragV
- The angle of attack at which a wing stalls remains constant regardless of:
Weight, dynamic pressure, bank angle, or pitch attitude
Dynamic pressure, but varies with weight, bank angle, and pitch attitude
Weight and pitch attitude, but varies with dynamic pressure and bank angle
Weight, dynamic pressure, bank angle, or pitch attitude
- Stall speed is affected by:
Weight, load factor, and power
Load factor, angle of attack, and power
Angle of attack, weight, and air density
Weight, load factor, and power
- An airplane will stall at the same:
Angle of attack regardless of the attitude with relation to the horizon
Airspeed regardless of the attitude with relation to the horizon
Angle of attack and attitude with relation to the horizon
Angle of attack regardless of the attitude with relation to the horizon
- The stalling speed of an airplane is most affected by:
Changes in air density
Variations in flight altitude
Variations in airplane loading
Variations in airplane loading
- Which statement is true relative to changing angle of attack?
A decrease in angle of attack will increase pressure below the wing and decrease drag
An increase in angle of attack will increase drag
An increase in angle of attack will decrease pressure below the wing and increase drag
An increase in angle of attack will increase drag
- Which is true regarding the forces acting on an aircraft in a steady-state descent? The sum of all:
Upward forces is less than the sum of all downward forces
Rearward forces is greater than the sum of all forward forces
Forward forces is equal to the sum of all rearward forces
Forward forces is equal to the sum of all rearward forces
- During the transition from straight-and-level flight to a climb, the angle of attack is increased and lift:
Is momentarily decreased
Remains the same
Is momentarily increased
Is momentarily increased
- Which is true regarding the force of lift in steady, unaccelerated flight?
At lower airspeeds the angle of attack must be less to generate sufficient lift to maintain altitude
There is a corresponding indicated airspeed required for every angle of
attack to generate sufficient lift to maintain altitude
An airfoil will always stall at the same indicated airspeed; therefore, an increase in weight will require an increase in speed to generate sufficient lift to maintain altitude
There is a corresponding indicated airspeed required for every angle of
attack to generate sufficient lift to maintain altitude
- In theory, if the airspeed of an airplane is doubled while in level flight, parasite drag will become:
Twice as great
Half as great
Four times greater
Four times greater
- As airspeed decreases in level flight below that speed for maximum lift/drag ratio, total drag of an airplane
Decreases because of lower parasite drag
Increases because of increased induced drag
Increases because of increased parasite drag
Increases because of increased induced drag
- What performance is characteristic of flight at maximum lift/drag ratio in a propeller-driven airplane? Maximum:
Gain in altitude over a given distance
Range and maximum distance glide
Coefficient of lift and maximum coefficient of drag
Range and maximum distance glide
- An aircraft wing is designed to produce lift resulting from a difference in the:
Negative air pressure below and a vacuum above the wing’s surface
Vacuum below the wing’s surface and greater air pressure above the wing’s surface
Higher air pressure below the wing’s surface and lower air pressure above the wing’s surface
Higher air pressure below the wing’s surface and lower air pressure above the wing’s surface
- Lift on a wing is most properly defined as the:
Force acting perpendicular to the relative wind
Differential pressure acting perpendicular to the chord of the wing
Reduced pressure resulting from a laminar flow over the upper camber of an airfoil, which acts perpendicular to the mean camber
Force acting perpendicular to the relative wind
- On a wing, the force of lift acts perpendicular to and the force of drags acts parallel to the:
Chord line
Flightpath
Longitudinal axis
Flightpath
- Which statement is true regarding the opposing forces acting on an airplane is steady-state level flight?
These forces are equal
Thrust is greater than drag and weight and lift are equal
Thrust is greater than drag and lift is greater than weight
These forces are equal
- An airplane leaving ground effect will:
Experience a reduction in ground friction and requires a slight power reduction
Experience an increase in induced drag and required more thrust
Requires a lower angle of attack to maintain the same lift coefficient
Experience an increase in induced drag and required more thrust
- To produce the same lift while in ground effect as when out of ground effect, the airplane requires:
A lower angle of attack
The same angle of attack
A greater angle of attack
A lower angle of attack
- If the same angle of attack is maintained in ground effect as when out of ground effect, lift will
Increase, and induced drag will decrease
Decrease, and parasite drag will increase
Increase, and induced drag will increase
Increase, and induced drag will decrease
- If airspeed is increased during a level turn, what action would be necessary to maintain altitude? The angle of attack
And angle of bank must be decreased
Must be increased or angle of bank decreased
Must be decreased or angle of bank increased
Must be decreased or angle of bank increased
- Why is it necessary to increase back elevator pressure to maintain altitude during a turn? To compensate for the:
Loss of the vertical component of lift
Loss of the horizontal component of lift and the increase in centrifugal force
Rudder deflection and slight opposite aileron throughout the turn
Loss of the vertical component of lift
- To maintain altitude during a turn, the angle of attack must be increased to compensate for the decrease in the
Forces opposing the resultant component of drag
Vertical component of lift
Horizontal component of lift
Vertical component of lift
- The ratio between the total airload imposed on the wing and the gross weight of an aircraft in fight is known as:
Load factor and directly affects stall speed
Aspect load and directly affects stall speed
Load factor and has no relation with stall speed
Load factor and directly affects stall speed
- For a given angle of bank, in any airplane, the load factor imposed in a coordinated constant-altitude turn:
Is constant and the stall speed increases
Varies with the rate of turn
Is constant and the stall speed decreases
Is constant and the stall speed increases
- Accelerating past critical Mach may result in the onset of compressibility effects such as
High speed stalls
P factor
Control difficulties
Control difficulties
- To develop maximum power and thrust, a constant-speed propeller should be set to a blade angle that will produce a:
Large angle of attack and low RPM
Small angle of attack and high RPM
Large angle of attack and high RPM
Small angle of attack and high RPM
