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PPF and Palate Flashcards

1
Q

boundaries of PPF

A

lateral: infratemporal fossa
medial: nasal cavity (palatine)
inferior: palate
superior: sphenoid
anterior: maxillary sinus and orbit
posterior: pterygoid portion of sphenoid

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2
Q

major structures in PPF

A
  1. 3rd portion of maxillary a.
  2. maxillary n. (V2)
  3. pterygopalatine ganglion
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3
Q

doorway to PPF

A

pterygomaxillary fissure (sphenomaxillary fissure)

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4
Q

pterygomaxillary fissure transmits

A
  1. maxillary a.

2. posterior superior alveolar a.v.n.

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5
Q

inferior orbital fissure transmits

A
  1. infraorbital a.v.n.

2. zygomatic a.v.n.

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6
Q

window to PPF

A

sphenopalatine foramen

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7
Q

sphenopalatine foramen transmits

A
  1. sphenopalatine a.v.
  2. nasopalatine n.
  3. posterior superior lateral nasal n.
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8
Q

floor of PPF

A

open via pterygopalatine canal (palatine bone), splits into greater and lesser palatine canals to communicate with oral cavity

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9
Q

pterygopalatine canal transmits

A
  1. descending palatine a.

2. greater/lesser palatine nn.

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10
Q

posterior wall of PPF

A

spenoid bone, contains foramen rotundum (lateral), pterygoid canal (middle), and pharyngeal canal (medial)

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11
Q

foramen rotundum transmits

A

maxillary n. (V2)

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12
Q

pterygoid canal transmits

A

a. and n. of pterygoid canal

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13
Q

pharyngeal canal transmits

A

pharyngeal a.v.n.

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14
Q

branches of V2 (maxillary n.)

A
  1. meningeal br.
  2. zygomatic n.
  3. posterior superior alveolar n.
  4. infraorbital n.
  5. ganglionic branches to pterygopalatine ganglion
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15
Q

upper teeth supplied by

A

V2

  1. posterior superior alveolar n.
  2. middle and anterior superior alveolar nn. (branches of infraorbital n.)
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16
Q

infranorbital n. supplies

A
  1. upper lip
  2. cheek
  3. lateral nose
  4. lower eyelid
17
Q

branches of V2 after pterygopalatine ganglion

A
  1. posterior superior lateral nasal branches
  2. n. of pterygoid canal (gives off greater and lesser palatine nn.)
  3. pharyngeal br. of maxillary n.
  4. nasopalatine n.
  5. posterior inferior lateral nasal branch from greater palatine n.
18
Q

parasympathetic branches of facial n.

A
  1. greater petrosal n.

2. chorda tympani

19
Q

n. of pterygoid canal composed of

A
  1. greater petrosal n. (parasympathetic)

2. deep petrosal n. (sympathetic)

20
Q

parasympathetic inn. to lacrimal gland pathway

A
  1. pregang. cell bodies: salivitory nucleus in brainstem
  2. pregang. fibers: greater petrosal branch of CN VII
  3. postgang. cell bodies: pterygopalatine ganglion
  4. postgang. fibers: zygmatic branch of V2 and lacrimal branch of V2 (via communicating br.)
21
Q

parasympathetic inn. to mucus-secreting glands of palate, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses

A
  1. pregang. cell bodies: salivitory nucleus in brainstem
  2. pregang. fibers: greater petrosal branch of CN VII
  3. postgang. cell bodies: pterygopalatine ganglion
  4. postgang. fibers: various branches of V2
22
Q

clincal correlation of shared PS pathway to lacrimal gland and mucus secreting glands

A

lesion to pathway results in dry eye and dry nasal passages

23
Q

sympathetic inn. to lacrimal gland pathway

A
  1. pregang. cell bodies: T1-T4 lateral horn
  2. pregang. fibers: sympathetic chain
  3. postgang. cell bodies: superior cervical ganglia
  4. postgang. fibers: internal carotid n.
24
Q

hard palate components

A
  1. maxillary bone

2. palatine bone

25
Q

soft palate components

A
  1. palatine aponeurosis

2. uvula

26
Q

5 aa. to palatine tonsilar bed (low yield)

A
  1. facial a.
  2. ascending pharyngeal a. - palatine bb.
  3. ascending palatine a. - tonsillar b.
  4. dorsal lingual a. (lingual a.) - tonsillar b.
  5. lesser palatine a. - tonsillar b.
27
Q

venous drainage from palatine tonsils

A

paratonsillar v. to pharyngeal v.

28
Q

anterior tonsillar bed inn.

A

lesser palatine n. (GSA)

29
Q

posterior tonsillar bed inn.

A

CN IX (GVA)

30
Q

5 muscles of palate

A
  1. palatoglossus
  2. palatopharyngeus
  3. tensor veli palatini
  4. levator veli palatini
  5. uvular muscle
31
Q

palatoglossus

A

soft palate to tongue. CN X. Swallowing

32
Q

palatopharyngeus

A

soft palate to thyroid cartilage. CN X. Swallowing

33
Q

tensor veli palatini

A

base of skull to soft palate. V3, arch 1. Tenses palate to give other palate muscle mechanical advantage. Opens auditory tube

34
Q

levator veli palatini

A

base of skull to soft palate. CN X, arch 4. Elevates palate.

35
Q

uvular muscle

A

pulls uvula up, swallowing. CN X.

36
Q

CN X lesion

A
  1. ipsilateral sagging of soft palate arches

2. contralateral deviation of uvula

37
Q

blood supply to palate

A

greater and lesser palatine aa.

38
Q

inn. to palate

A

All V2, GSA
anterior: nasopalatine n.
middle (majority): greater palatine n.
posterolateral: lesser palatine n.

Neuro (16 decks)

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