Orbit Flashcards

1
Q

5 layers of eyelids

A
  1. skin
  2. loose CT
  3. muscular layer
  4. tarsal plate (dense CT, attach to orbital septum)
  5. palpebral conjunctiva
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2
Q

levator palpebrae superioris

A

raises upper eyelid, GSE CN III

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3
Q

superior tarsal m.

A

rasises upper eyelid, sympathetic inn.

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4
Q

globe: fibrous tunic

A

cornea and sclera

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5
Q

globe: vascular tunic

A

chooid, ciliary body and muscle, iris

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6
Q

shincter pupillae

A

circular m., PS inn. Constricts pupil (myosis)

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7
Q

dilator pupillae

A

radial m. (curtains), sympathetic inn. Dilates pupil (mydriasis)

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8
Q

2 functions of ciliary body

A
  1. produce aqueous humor

2. accomodation

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9
Q

flow of aqueous humor

A

ciliary body > posterior chamber > pupil > anterior chamber > trabecular meshwork > scleral venous sinus (canal of Schlemm)

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10
Q

glaucoma

A

increased aqueous humor > IOP

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11
Q

outer layer of optic cup

A

pigmented epithelial layer of retina

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12
Q

inner layer of optic cup

A

neural layers (rods/cones, bipolar, and ganglion cells) of retina

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13
Q

persistent iridopupillary membrane

A

failure of iridopupillary membrane to degenerate

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14
Q

coloboma

A

failure of choroid fissure to close, usually only affects iris

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15
Q

lateral rectus

A

abduction

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16
Q

medial rectus

A

adduction

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17
Q

superior rectus

A

elevation, adduction, intorsion

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18
Q

inferior rectus

A

depression, adduction, extorsion

19
Q

superior oblique

A

depression, abduction, intorsion

20
Q

inferior oblique

A

elevation, abduction, extorsion

21
Q

look straight up

A

superior rectus, inferior oblique

22
Q

look straight down

A

inferior rectus, superior oblique

23
Q

test LR

A

abduct eye

24
Q

test MR

A

adduct eye

25
test SR
abduct, then elevate eye
26
test IR
abduct, then depress eye
27
test SO
adduct, then depress eye
28
test IO
adduct, then elevate eye
29
CN II
SSA
30
CN III
GSE (levator palpebrae superioris, medial, superior, and inferior rectus, inferior oblique); GVE-P
31
CN IV
GSE (superior oblique)
32
CN V1
GSA
33
CN VI
GSE (lateral rectus)
34
CN VII
SVE (orbicularis occuli)
35
CN III superior division
SR and LPS
36
CN III inferior division
MR, IR, and IO
37
V1 divisions
N- nasociliary F- frontal L- lacrimal
38
frontal n. divisions
1. supraorbital n. | 2. supratrochlear n.
39
parasympathetic inn. to intraocular eye muscles
pregang. cell bodies: Edinger-Westphal nucleus in midbrain pregang. fibers: CN III postgang. cell bodies: ciliary ganglion postgang. fibers: short ciliary nn. constrict pupils (myosis) and accomodation
40
sympathetic inn. to superior tarsal and dilator pupillae
pregang. cell bodies: T1-2 lateral horn pregang. fibers: sympathetic chain postgang. cell bodies: superior cervical ganglion postgang. fibers: internal carotid n. > brs. of V1 dilate pupils (mydriasis) and elevate upper eyelid
41
pupillary light reflex
b/l constriction of pupils. In by II, out by III
42
corneal reflex
b/l closure of eyelids. In by V1, out by VII
43
accommodation
looking from distant to near object. Ciliary mm. contract, pupils constrict, eyes adduct. In by II, out by III