Larynx

Question 1

epiglottic ligaments

Answer 1

hyoepiglottic: hyoid to epigottis
aryepiglottic: arytenoid cartilage to epiglottis
glossoepiglottic: tongue to epiglottis

Question 2

arytenoid cartilage

Answer 2

perched atop posterior lamina of cricoid cartilage, vocal processes anterior, muscular processes laterally

Question 3

quadrangular ligament

Answer 3

intrinsic larngeal ligament, forms vestibular and aryepiglottic ligaments/folds, inferior portion thickened (vestibular ligament)

Question 4

*cricovocal ligament (conus elasticus)

Answer 4

cricoid to thyroid and arytenoid cartilages, superior portion thickened (vocal ligament), thickened medially (median cricothyroid ligament)

Question 5

cricothyroid joint

Answer 5

gliding, changes vocal cord length

Question 6

cricoarytenoid joint

Answer 6

gliding and rotation

Question 7

cricothyroid m.

Answer 7

rocks thyroid cartilage forward, stretches vocal ligaments to increase pitch. (external br. of superior laryngeal n.) *only laryngeal m. not inn. by recurrent laryngeal n.

Question 8

transverse and oblique arytenoid mm.

Answer 8

adduct arytenoid cartilages

Question 9

lateral cricoarytenoid m.

Answer 9

adducts arytenoid cartilages

Question 10

posterior cricoarytenoid m.

Answer 10

*only laryngeal m. that abducts vocal cords

Question 11

thyroarytenoid m.

Answer 11

rocks thyroid cartilage back to shorten vocal ligaments (opposes cricothyroid)

Question 12

vocalis m.

Answer 12

innermost portion of thyroarytenoid m., fine tuning in vocal cord tension

Question 13

internal br. superior laryngeal n.

Answer 13

GVE-P and GVA in supraglottic region, GVE-P and SVA to epiglottic region of tongue

Question 14

external br. superior laryngeal n.

Answer 14

SVE to cricothyroid m.

Question 15

cough reflex

Answer 15

in by X (internal br. of superior laryngeal n.), out by X (recurrent laryngeal n.)

Question 16

true vocal fold inn.

Answer 16

both internal br. of superior laryngeal n. and recurrent/inf. laryngeal n.

Question 17

inferior laryngeal n.

Answer 17

GVE-P and GVA to infraglottic region, SVE to all mm. of larynx except cricothyroid

Question 18

arterial supply

Answer 18

superior laryngeal a.: br. of superior thyroid a., supplies supraglottic region of larynx
cricothyroid a.: br of superior thyroid a.
inferior laryngeal a.: br. of inferior thyroid a., supplies infraglottic region of larynx

Question 19

venous drainage

Answer 19

supraglottic: superior laryngeal v. > superior thyroid a. > internal jugular v.
infraglottic: inferior laryngeal v. > thyroid venous plexus of inf. thyroid v. > brachiocephalic v.

Question 20

lymph drainage

Answer 20

supraglottic: superficial deep cervical nodes
infraglottic: pre/paratracheal nodes > inferior deep cervical nodes