PP 004 + LAD (Pumps And Ladders)

Question 1

What is a pump?

Answer 1

A machine, driven by external power to give energy to a fluid.

Question 2

Name 2 types of pumps

Answer 2

1) Centrifugal
2) positive displacement

Question 3

What is centrifugal force?

Answer 3

Outward force associated with rotation

Question 4

What are the 2 main parts of a centrifugal pump?

Answer 4

• Impeller
• volute

Question 5

What does PTO stand for?

Answer 5

Power take off

Question 6

Name the 2 types of impeller and their associated pressure

Answer 6

1) low pressure - large volume at low pressure for lay flat hoses
2) peripheral - high pressure, typically for hose reel

Question 7

Twinning the hydrant leads to how much more water than singular?

Answer 7

4 times more

Question 8

Name the typically used pump gauges

Answer 8

• hydrant to tank auto fill valve
• tank to pump valve
• low pressure delivery valves
• high/low pressure lever
• hose reel isolation valves

Question 9

What does ePC stand for

Answer 9

ePump Control

Question 10

A sudden increase in low pressure gauge reading indicates

Answer 10

• branches being shut down
• kinks in the delivery hose
• vehicles/ debris on the delivery hose

Question 11

A sudden decrease in low pressure gauge reading indicates

Answer 11

• Branches being opened
• burst delivery hose
• appliance tank empty

Question 12

Pulse spraying technique causes fluctuations in pressure

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Reasons why we go to low pressure

Answer 13

• less noise
• less emissions
• less fuel
• reduce number of times auto cools

Question 14

What is over running?

Answer 14

Using more water than your getting

Question 15

How do you deal with over running?

Answer 15

1) increase supply ( find more efficient hydrant or open water source)
2) regulate water being delivered ( reduce the number of jets, flow settings, or appliance engine revs )

Question 16

2 reasons for reduction in pressure

Answer 16

Frictional loss in hose line
Effects of gravity working above water source or pump

Question 17

Frictional loss is affected by

Answer 17

Internal diameter of hose
Output flow of water(higher flow = higher loss)
Height above or below water source
Length of hose

Question 18

Pressure loss of
45mm
70mm

Answer 18

1bar
0.2 bar

Question 19

Pressure Loss of
1m
1floor

Answer 19

0.1 bar
0.3 bar

Question 20

Command list for standard pitch of 9m ladder

Answer 20

Stand by to slip 9m ladder
Release
Slip
Well
Ready, brace, lift
Site heel number 3
Under run
Well
Prepare to extend
Extend
Well
Paws engaged
Head in
Head/heel adjustments
Take over number 3
Head/heal adjustments
Final check
Ladder pitched get to work

Question 21

Command list to MAKE UP 9m ladder

Answer 21

9m ladder crew
Head out
Well
Extend to lower
Lower
Clear behind (no. 3)
Under run
Stand by to launch
Ready brace lift
Launch
House
Check list
Ladder secure

Question 22

Commands for haul aloft

Answer 22

Up top
Below
Haul aloft
Right

Question 23

Commands for dropping

Answer 23

Below
Up top
Stand from under
Clear there

Question 24

Commands for aloft from building

Answer 24

Below
Up top
Haul away from building
Right

Question 25

9m Ladder Facts:

Answer 25

• 5.3meter when not extended
• 53mm across
• 40.6kg

Question 26

How much space do you need to take the 9m ladder off the appliance?

Answer 26

10m behind appliance
4.2m in height

Question 27

What are the measurements of the 9m ladder

Answer 27

5.3m pre-extended length
53cm width
40.6kg weight

Question 28

Why would you separate a 9m ladder

Answer 28

To bridge ( broken doors or stairs)

Question 29

Safety consideration when pitching a 9m ladder

Answer 29

Ground conditions
Safe lifting technique
Effective communication
PPE
Safe handling

Question 30

Ladder pitched checks

Answer 30

• The string closest to the frame of the opening must be no more than 150mm from the frame
• The round closest to the sill must be just above and parallel to the sill
• There must be 3 to 5 rounds above the sill ( preferably 3 )
• If pitching below the sill, the head must be at least 50mm below and not touching

Question 31

What is the emergency command when control is lost whilst pitching the 9m ladder

Answer 31

Head in

Question 32

Hose management problems

Answer 32

Identification of the hose line and subsequent maneuvering of the hose is difficult
Hose creates trip hazard
Stairs become inaccessible for access to fire fighters and escape for occupants

Question 33

Law 1

Law 2

Law 3

Answer 33

Law 1 - Pressure loss is directly proportional to the length of the hose through which the water flows
* The longer the hose lines, the greater the frictional loss

Law 2 - Pressure loss is directly proportional to the square of the flow rate
* If the flow rate through a line of hose is doubled, the pressure loss due to friction will increase by a factor of four

Law 3 - Pressure loss is inversely proportional to the hose diameter
* Diameter is the most important single factor which affects frictional loss. The frictional loss in 45mm hose is approximately 5 times greater than 70mm hose and 32 times greater than 90mm hose for the same flow rate

Question 34

Foot, hand, hand, foot

Answer 34

For mounting or dismounting a ladder

Question 35

45mm bar loss per length
70mm bar loss per length
Bar loss per meter in height

Answer 35

45mm loses 1 bar
70mm loses 0.2 bar
1 meter height = 0.1 bar lost (1 floor = 3 meter~)