Power in Early Modern Britain c.1485-1800 Flashcards
What was the name of the court that disciplined nobles who challenged royal authority (Henry VIII)
Star Chamber
How did Henry VIII keep the nobles close?
Royal PATRONAGE (grants of land or important jobs), nobles did not want to miss these so they stayed close to court.
How did Henry VIII build up wealth?
Avoided expensive wars and determinedly collected taxes
True or false, Henry faced the pilgrimage of faith?
False, it was the pilgrimage of grace
Who was Henry Howard?
A wealthy and powerful noble, helped Henry crush the pilgrimage of Grace. In 1546 [RaSH, Henry was a rash on king ]
he had a painting made which revealed he was descended from the Plantagenet family. In 1547 he was executed, no noble families helped him
Who was Thomas Woseley’s father and how did Thomas gain power?
-His father was a butcher
-Excelled at Oxford university and entered the church were he rose through power
What reforms did Thomas Wolsey bring?
Tax reforms, wealthy pay more tax
Reformed justice system -star chamber
Why did Wolsey fall from power?
He failed to annul Henry VIII’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon
Why did parliament become more popular during Henry VIII’s time?
Henry was desperate to go to war. War requires money which is raised through taxes. Taxes are approved by parliament.
When was the act of Supremacy passed and what was it?
1534[MaRRy a supreme sticker]
Henry is now head of a new church of England.
What groups began to become part of the political nation during Henry VIII’s time?
lesser nobles, the gentry and wealthy merchants
What was the Acts of Attainder (Henry VIII)
It made it that the people accused of treason were unable to defend themselves in a court of law.
What laws did Henry VIII pass around retainers?
He restricted the amount of retainers nobles could have. Retainers are the number of men in service of a nobleman who would fight for him.
Why did nobles remain incredibly influential Henry VIII?
WAR
SECURITY
COMMUNICATIONS
PRIVY COUNCIL
WAR- Henry fought lots of wars during his time, he needed nobles men in army
Earl of Shrewsbury, 4400 men provided
SECURITY- During rebellions like pilgrimage of Grace Henry relied heavily on nobles
COMMUNICATIONS- Henry had too rely on nobles to represent him
PRIVY COUNCIL- Made up of the most powerful nobles in the country
The nobles also influenced through parliament, cromwell and wosley were both executed because of powerful nobles
Who was Elizabeth I sister and what was her religion?
Bloody Mary, Catholic
When did Elizabeth become Queen?
1558 (same year smoking was introduced, 15 year olds smoke till they are 58) the year her sister died
What religion did Henry VII’s son Edward VI believe in?
Protestantism, all decorations removed from churches
What did bloody mary do when Edward VI died?
Tried to undo his changes and convert back to Catholicism, she burnt many people for refusing to convert
Explain the argument for why England should have converted to Catholicism?
France and spain two great powers were also catholic, could be seen as threat if England was Protestant. However, there was support of Protestantism in England still
How did Elizabeth treat Catholics?
She allowed them to continue following there religion however they still had to pay RECUSANCY fines for not attending church
When did the Spanish Armada attempt to invade England (Elizabeth)?
1588, 30 years after she became queen
What did Pope Pius V pass in 1570?
(Pope Pius Papal) Papal bull which basically stated Elizabeth was not the queen and catholics should not obey her in England or they would be excommunicated
What was the northern rebellion and when was it?
Plan hatched by Westmoreland and Northumberland to put Mary Queen of Scots on the throne. 1569 ()
What was the Babington plot
1586 (2 years before armada)Babington wrote to Mary queen of Scots in code and told her he planned to kill Elizabeth, Mary agreed.
True or False, Elizabeth never married
True, she didn’t want her husband to be king.
What man did she seem close to marrying? Kennilworth castle
Robert Dudley, but the court did not agree
When did James I rule england?
1603-25 (1603 shogun came to power in japan)
16th March 2025
Don’t Juggle Slippy Mini New Lions
What did James I believe in?
HINT: Macbeth shakespeare-
Divine Right of Kings
True or False Charles I worked with parliament well?
False!
How did Charles I try and raise wealth and status of the church?
He tried to take back churchland given to Scottish nobles
What laws did Charles I suspended and who was he married too?
RECUSANCY LAWS, he was married to a catholic princess. Very shocking to English people
When did Charles go to war with spain?
Same year he became king. 1625 [No-one Loves spain]
How did Charles I attempt to gain money without parliament?
A forced loan
What were the 5 men who refused Charles forced loan called?
‘The 5 Knights’
What happened in 1628 with parliament (Charles I)?
He was forced to reconvene and sign the petition of rights. Which meant Charles could not take steps to raise money without parliaments approval. However, charles closed parliament in 1629
