Potter Final Cumulative Flashcards
1
Q
nicotine polacrilex gum- Nicorette class
A
nicotine replacement therapy
2
Q
nicotine polacrilex gum- Nicorette MOA/Pcol
A
binds to CNS nicotinic receptors
nicotine stimulates epi and dopamine release
transient hyperglycemia
3
Q
nicotine polacrilex gum- Nicorette Indication
A
smoking cessation
4
Q
varenicline- Chantix class
A
nicotinic partial agonist
5
Q
varenicline- Chantix MOA/Pcol
A
nicotinic partial agonist on alpha4, beta2 subunits of nicotinic receptor
CNS selective
6
Q
varenicline- Chantix indication
A
smoking cessation
7
Q
varenicline- Chantix ADR
A
nausea, depression, suicidal thoughts
8
Q
varenicline- Chantix boxed warning
A
avoid in depressed patients and psychiatric illness
9
Q
pyridostigmine- Mestinon class
A
AChE Inhibitor
10
Q
pyridostigmine- Mestinon MOA/Pcol
A
peripherally acting reversible AChE inhibitor
increase ACh
11
Q
pyridostigmine- Mestinon indication
A
myasthenia gravis
12
Q
pyridostigmine- Mestinon misc.
A
does not cross BBB
13
Q
neostigmine- Prostigmin class
A
AChE inhibitor
14
Q
neostigmine- Prostigmin MOA/Pcol
A
peripherally acting AChE inhibitor
increase ACh
direct stimulation of Nm receptors
15
Q
neostigmine- Prostigmin indication
A
myasthenia gravis
16
Q
neostigmine- Prostigmin misc.
A
does not cross BBB
17
Q
physostigmine- Eserine class
A
AChE inhibitor
18
Q
physostigmine- Eserine MOA/Pcol
A
peripherally acting AChE inhibitor
increase ACh
19
Q
physostigmine- Eserine indication
A
myasthenia gravis
overdose of anticholinergic agents
20
Q
physostigmine- Eserine misc.
A
CNS and peripheral nervous system effects
21
Q
donepezil- Aricept class
A
CNS acting AChE inhibitor
22
Q
donepezil- Aricept MOA/Pcol
A
reversible AChE inhibitor
increase ACh
23
Q
donepezil- Aricept indication
A
alzheimers
24
Q
galantamine- Razadyne class
A
CNS acting AChE inhibitor
25
galantamine- Razadyne MOA/Pcol
reversible AChE inhibitor
increase ACh
bind directly to nicotinic receptors in CNS
26
galantamine- Razadyne indication
alzheimers
27
rivastigmine- Exelon class
CNS acting AChE inhibitor
28
rivastigmine- Exelon MOA/Pcol
pseudoirreversible AChE inhibitor by forming covalent bond
| increase ACh
29
rivastigmine- Exelon indication
alzheimers
30
pilocarpine- Isoptocarpine class
muscarinic agonist
31
pilocarpine- Isoptocarpine MOA/Pcol
contracts sphincter- miosis
| overall increase in outflow through trabecular meshwork
32
pilocarpine- Isoptocarpine indication
open angle glaucoma
| sialogogue- oral formulation Salagen for Sjogrens syndrome
33
carbochol- Isopto carbachol class
muscarinic agonist
34
carbachol- Isopto carbachol MOA//Pcol
contracts sphincter- miosis
| overall increase in outflow through trabecular meshwork
35
carbachol- Isopto carbachol indication
open angle glaucoma
36
bethanecol- Urecholine class
muscarinic agonist
37
bethanecol- Urecholine MOA/Pcol
increase GI motility, increase salivation and secretions
| stimulates detrussor muscle contraction
38
bethanecol- Urecholine indication
post-operative ileus: decreased movement through GI
gastropariesis: paralysis of stomach
atonic bladder, urinary retention
39
atropine IV class
muscarinic antagonist
40
atropine IV MOA/Pcol
nonselective muscarinic antagonist
| no effect on CNS at therapeutic concentrations
41
atropine IV indication
AV nodal heart block
| sinus bradycardia
42
atropine IV ADR
urinary retention, constipation, tachycardia, dry mouth, mydriasis, decreased sweating
43
ipatropium- Atrovent class
muscarinic antagonist (SAMA)
44
ipatropium- Atrovent MOA/Pcol
M3 receptor stimulation causes smooth muscle bronchodilation
| decrease mucus secretions
45
ipatropium- Atrovent indication
COPD (emphysema/chronic bronchitis)
asthma
rhinorrhea
46
ipatropium- Atrovent ADR
dry mouth
47
tiotropium- Spiriva class
muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)
48
tiotropium- Spriva MOA/Pcol
M3 receptor stimulation causes smooth muscle bronchodilation
| decrease mucus secretions
49
tiotropium- Spriva indication
COPD- emphysema or chronic bronchitis
| asthma
50
tiotropium- Spiriva ADR
dry mouth
51
aclindinium Br- Tudorza class
muscarinic antagonist
52
aclindinium Br- Tudorza MOA/Pcol
M3 receptor stimulation causes smooth muscle bronchodilation
| decrease mucus secretions
53
aclindinium Br- Tudorza indication
COPD- emphysema or chronic bronchitis
54
scopolamine- Transderm Scop class
muscarinic antagonist
55
scopolamine- Transdern Scop MOA/Pcol
CNS acting
| acts on chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ)
56
scopolamine- Transderm Scop indication
motion sickness prophylaxis
57
scopolamine- Transderm Scop use
1 patch placed behind ear every 2-3 days
58
scopolamine- Transderm Scop ADR
dry mouth, blurred vision
59
diphenoxylate+atropine- Lomotil class
muscarinic antagonist
60
diphenoxylate+atropine- Lomotil MOA/Pcol
```
decrease GI tone and movement
inhibit secretions (dry mouth)
```
61
diphenoxylate+atropine- Lomotil indication
diarrhea
62
diphenoxylate+atropine- Lomitil misc.
low dose atropine used to prevent opioid abuse
63
oxybutynin- Ditropan (immediate release) class
muscarinic antagonist
64
oxybutynin- Ditropan (immediate release) MOA/Pcol
antispasmodic on GU smooth muscle
decrease contraction of the detrussor muscle
increase bladder capacity
decrease urgency and frequency of urination
65
oxybutynin- Ditropan (immediate release) indication
urge urinary incontinence/over active bladder (OAB)
66
oxybutynin- Ditropan (immediate release) misc
highest rate of ADRs: dry mouth 71%, constipation 15%
67
oxybutynin- Ditropan XR (sustained release) class
muscarinic antagonist
68
oxybutynin- Ditropan XR (sustained release) MOA/Pcol
antispasmodic on GU smooth muscle
decrease contraction of the detrussor muscle
increase bladder capacity
decrease urgency and frequency of urination
69
oxybutynin- Ditropan XR (sustained release) indication
urge urinary incontinence/OAB
70
oxybutynin- Oxytrol (transdermal) class
muscarinic antagonist
71
oxybutynin- Oxytrol (transdermal) MOA/Pcol
antispasmodic on GU smooth muscle
decrease contraction of the detrussor muscle
increase bladder capacity
decrease urgency and frequency of urination
72
oxybutynin- Oxytrol (transdermal) indication
urge urinary incontinence/OAB
73
oxybutynin- Oxytrol (transdermal) use
apply 1 patch to arm or abdomen every 3-4 days
74
tolterodine- Detrol class
muscarinic antagonist
75
tolterodine- Detrol MOA/Pcol
antispasmodic on GU smooth muscle
decrease contraction of the detrussor muscle
increase bladder capacity
decrease urgency and frequency of urination
76
tolterodine- Detrol indication
urge urinary incontinence/OAB
77
fesoterodine- Toviaz class
muscarinic antagonist
78
fesoterodine- Toviaz MOA/Pcol
antispasmodic on GU smooth muscle
decrease contraction of the detrussor muscle
increase bladder capacity
decrease urgency and frequency of urination
79
fesoterodine- Toviaz indication
urge urinary incontinence/OAB
80
fesoterodine- Toviaz misc.
active metabolite- tolterodine derivative (hydrolysis, not CYP450)
81
trospium- Sanctura class
muscarinic antagonist
82
trospium- Sanctura MOA/Pcol
antispasmodic on GU smooth muscle
decrease contraction of the detrussor muscle
increase bladder capacity
decrease urgency and frequency of urination
83
trospium- Sanctura indication
urge urinary incontinence/OAB
84
trospium- Sanctura misc.
lowest % of ADR
85
darifenacin- Enablex class
muscarinic antagonist
86
darifenacin- Enablex MOA/Pcol
antispasmodic on GU smooth muscle
decrease contraction of the detrussor muscle
increase bladder capacity
decrease urgency and frequency of urination
87
darifenacin- Enablex indication
urge urinary incontinence/OAB
88
darifenacin- Enablex misc.
most selective of the OAB meds (M3 selective)
89
solifenacin- Vesicare class
muscarinic antagonist
90
solifenacin- Vesicare MOA/Pcol
antispasmodic on GU smooth muscle
decrease contraction of the detrussor muscle
increase bladder capacity
decrease urgency and frequency of urination
91
solifenacin- Vesicare indication
urge urinary incontinence/OAB
92
rocuronium- Zemuron class
NMJ blocker- paralytic
93
rocuronium- Zemuron MOA/Pcol
non-depolarizing, competitive antagonist
compete with ACh for nicotinic receptors in skeletal muscle
can block ganglionic and pre-synaptic nicotinic receptors at high doses (toxicity)
94
rocuronium- Zemuron indication
surgery- skeletal muscle paralysis (allows for decreased anesthetia)
facilitate intubation, endotrachial tube insertion, on a ventilator, medically induced coma
95
rocuronium- Zemuron misc.
IV agent with quick onset, short duration of action
96
vercuronium- Norcuron class
NMJ blocker- paralytic
97
vercuronium- Norcuron MOA/Pcol
non-depolarizing, competitive antagonist
compete with ACh for nicotinic receptors in skeletal muscle
can block ganglionic and pre-synaptic nicotinic receptors at high doses (toxicity)
98
vercuronium- Norcuron indication
surgery- skeletal muscle paralysis (allows for decreased anesthetia)
facilitate intubation, endotrachial tube insertion, on a ventilator, medically induced coma
99
vercuronium- Norcuron misc.
IV agent with quick onset, short duration of action
100
succinylcholine- Anectine class
NMJ blocker- paralytic
101
succinylcholine- Anectine MOA/Pcol
depolarizing agent
initial increase in muscle activity
Phase I- therapeutic; channel constantly open to decrease muscle contraction
Phase II- toxic; succinylcholine physically binds in channel
102
succinylcholine- Anectine indication
surgery- skeletal muscle paralysis (allows for decreased anesthetia)
facilitate intubation, endotrachial tube insertion, on a ventilator, medically induced coma
103
onabotulinumtoxinA- Botox class
botulinum toxin derivative
104
onabotulinumtoxinA- Botox MOA/Pcol
prevents release of ACh from pre-junctional motor neurons into the NMJ
produces a state of degeneration (have to get new fibrils to regain activity)
temporary paralysis of locally injected muscles
105
onabotulinumtoxinA- Botox indication
hyperhidrosis- abnormal increase in sweating inadequately managed with topical agents
stabismus (one eye pulled to side) and blepharospasm (uncontrolled blinking)
migraine prophylaxis
glabellar lines: creases in face
106
onabotulinumtoxinA- Botox misc.
lots of unlabeled uses
100 U/vial
boxed warning- can spread from injection site
can last for 12 months
107
rimabotulinumtoxinB- Myobloc class
botulinum toxin derivative
108
rimabotulinumtoxinB- Myobloc MOA/Pcol
prevents release of ACh from pre-junctional motor neurons into the NMJ
produces a state of degeneration (have to get new fibrils to regain activity)
temporary paralysis of locally injected muscles
109
rimabotulinumtoxinB- Myobloc misc.
5000 U/vial
110
theophylline class
methylxanthine phosphodiesterase inhibitor
111
theophylline MOA/Pcol
non-selective PDE
bronchodilator- inhibits cAMP dependent PDEs in bronchial smooth muscle
prostaglandin antagonist
decrease release of mediators from mast cells and leukocytes
increase diaphragm contractility and mucocilary clearance
112
theophylline indication
adjunct treatment of asthma- decrease dependence on beta-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids
adjunct in COPD for pts who are not controlled with anti-cholinergics and beta2 agonists
113
roflumilast- Daliresp class
phosphodiesterase inhibitor
114
roflumilast- Daliresp MOA/Pcol
inhibits PDE-IV
| anti-inflammatory effect thru suppression of proinflammatory cytokines ie IL-6, TNF-alpha
115
roflumilast- Daliresp indication
COPD with excess mucous production
116
cilostazol- Pletal class
phosphodiesterase inhibitor
117
cilostazol- Pletal MOA/Pcol
inhibits cAMP- PDE-III
increase vasodilation
decrease platelet aggregation
118
cilostazol- Pletal indication
peripheral vascular disease, intermittent claudication
| decrease pain experience with movement
119
inamrinone- Inocor IV class
phosphodiesterase inhibitor
120
inamrinone- Inocor IV MOA/Pcol
PDE-III inhibitor inhibits the breakdown of cAMP keeping Ca channels open
increase contractile force of failing hearts (+ iontropy)
vasodilation
121
inamrinone- Inocor IV indication
acute decompensated heart failure
122
inamrinone- Inocor IV misc.
short term use only, increased mortality when used long term
123
sildenafil- Viagra class
phosphodiesterase inhibitor
124
sildenafil- Viagra MOA/Pcol
inhibits cGMP PDE-V
| causes relaxation of the smooth muscle of the corpus cavernosum
125
sildenafil- Viagra indication
erectile dysfunction
pulmonary artertial hypertension (PAH)
SSRI associated sexual dysfunction
126
sildenafil- Viagra misc.
4 hr duration
ADR: NAION
CI: nitrates
127
vardenafil- Levitra class
phosphodiesterase inhibitor
128
vardenafil- Levitra MOA/Pcol
inhibits cGMP PDE-V
| causes relaxation of the smooth muscle of the corpus cavernosum
129
vardenafil- Levitra indication
erectile dysfunction
pulmonary artertial hypertension (PAH)
SSRI associated sexual dysfunction
130
vardenafil- Levitra misc.
4 hr duration
ADR: NAION
CI: nitrates
131
tadalafil- Cialis class
phosphodiesterase inhibitor
132
tadalafil- Cialis MOA/Pcol
inhibits cGMP PDE-V
| causes relaxation of the smooth muscle of the corpus cavernosum
133
tadalafil- Cialis indication
erectile dysfunction
pulmonary artertial hypertension (PAH)
SSRI associated sexual dysfunction
134
tadalafil- Cialis misc.
36 hours duration, daily dosing available
ADR: NAION
CI: nitrates
135
avanafil- Stendra class
phosphodiesterase inhibitor
136
avanafil- Stendra MOA/Pcol
inhibits cGMP PDE-V
| causes relaxation of the smooth muscle of the corpus cavernosum
137
avanafil- Stendra indication
erectile dysfunction
138
avanafil- Stendra misc.
4 hr duration
| CI: nitrates
139
pseudoephedrine- Sudafed class
alpha1 adrenergic agonist
140
psuedoephedrine- Sudafed MOA/Pcol
vasoconstriction in systemic and ocular blood vessels
| decrease secretions in eyes and nose
141
psuedoephedrine- Sudafed indication
rhinitis, conjuctivity
| stress urinary incontience
142
psuedoephedrine- Sudafed ADR
increase BP, arrhythmias, increase HR, increase blood glucose
143
phenylephrine class
alpha1 adrenergic agoinst
144
phenyeprhine MOA/Pcol
vasoconstriction in systemic and ocular blood vessels
| decrease secretions in eyes and nose
145
phenyleprine indication
rhinitis, conjunctivitis
| hypotension, shock
146
phenylephrine ADR
increase BP, arrhythmias, increase HR, increase blood glucose
147
tetrahydralazine- Visine class
alpha1 adrenergic agonist
148
tetrahydralazine- Visine MOA/Pcol
vasoconstriction in ocular blood vessels
| decrease secretions in eyes and nose (ocular or nasal administration)
149
tetrahydralazine- Visina indication
rhinitis, conjunctivitis
150
apraclonidine- Iopidine class
alpha2 agonist
151
aproclonidine- Iopidine MOA/Pcol
peripheral: presynaptic alpha2 stimulation decreases aqueous humor production and decreases IOP
152
apraclonidine- Iopoidine indication
glaucoma
153
clonidine- Catapres class
alpha2 adrenergic agonist
154
clonidine- Catapres MOA/Pcol
major: CNS inhibition of sympathetic tone (alpha2 stimulation presynaptic and postsynaptically decreases NE)
sympatholytic
peripheral: presynaptic alpha2 stimulation decreases NE release
primary effect on heart is to decrease HR and CO
155
clonidine- Catapres indication
HTN
156
clonidine- Catapress misc.
rebound HTN when high doses abruptly discontinued
| CNS ADR: excessive sedation, drowsiness
157
guanfacine- Intuniv class
alpha2A adrenergic agoinst
158
guanfacine- Intuniv MOA/Pcol
major: CNS inhibition of sympathetic tone (alpha2 stimulation presynaptic and postsynaptically decreases NE)
sympatholytic
159
guanfacine- Intuniv indication
ADHD
160
guanfacine- Intuniv misc.
non-stimulant
161
methyldopa- Aldomet class
alpha2 adrenergic agonist
162
methyldopa- Aldomet MOA/Pcol
CNS inhibition of sympathethic tone (alpha2 stimulation presynaptic and postsynaptically decreases NE)
163
methyldopa- Aldomet indication
HTN in pregnancy
164
dobutamine- Dobutrex classs
beta1 adrenergic agonist
165
dobutamine- Dobutrex MOA/Pcol
positive inotropic agent
166
dobutamine- Dobutrex indication
short term use to support cardiac function during CHF or MI
167
isoproterenol- Isuprel class
adrenergic agonist
168
isoproterenol- Isuprel MOA/Pcol
beta1, beta2 agonist
169
isoproterenol- Isuprel indication
acute asthma attacks (IV only)
| heart block
170
Epi class
adrenergic agonist
171
Epi MOA/Pcol
alpha1, alpha2, beta1, beta2, beta3 agonist
eye: mydriasis; increase aqueous outflow; decrease IOP; ocular decongestant (alpha1)
Arteries: net effect vasoconstriction (alpha1 > beta2)
Lungs: bronchodilation (beta2)
Heart: increase rate and force (beta1 and beta2)
172
Epi indication
anaphylaxis (Epi-Pen)
| open angle glaucoma
173
albuterol- Ventolin class
SABA beta2 adrenergic agonist
174
albuterol- Ventolin MOA/Pcol
relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to cause bronchodilation
175
albuterol- Ventolin indication
asthma
| COPD
176
albuterol- Ventolin ADR
skeletal muscle tremor, increase HR
177
levalbuterol- Xopenex class
SABA beta2 adrenergic agonist
178
levalbuterol- Xopenex MOA/Pcol
relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to cause bronchodilation
179
levalbuterol- Xopenex indication
asthma
| COPD
180
levalbuterol- Xopenex ADR
skeletal muscle tremor, increase HR
181
salmeterol- Serevent class
LABA beta2 adrenergic agonist
182
salmeterol- Serevent MOA/Pcol
relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to cause bronchodilation
183
salmeterol- Serevent indication
asthma
| COPD
184
salmeterol- Serevent misc.
ADR: skeletal muscle tremor, increase HR
FDA: decrease in overall attacks, increase life-threatening attack in asthma
185
formoterol- Foradil class
LABA beta2 adrenergic agonist
186
formoterol- Foradil MOA/Pcol
relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to cause bronchodilation
187
formoterol- Foradil indication
asthma
| COPD
188
formoterol- Foradil misc.
ADR: skeletal muscle tremor, increase HR
FDA: decrease in overall attacks, increase life-threatening attack in asthma
189
indacaterol- Atcapta class
ultra LABA beta2 adrenergic agonist
190
indacaterol- Atcapta MOA/Pcol
relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to cause bronchodilation
191
indacaterol- Atcapta indication
COPD
192
indacaterol- Atcapta ADR
skeletal muscle tremor, increase HR
193
salmeterol+fluticasone- Advair class
LABA + ICS
194
salmeterol+fluticasone- Advair MOA/Pcol
relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to cause bronchodilation
| anti-inflammatory effect
195
salmeterol+fluticasone- Advair indication
asthma
| COPD
196
formoterol+budesonide- Symbicort class
LABA + ICS
197
formoterol+budesonide- Symbicort MOA/Pcol
relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to cause bronchodilation
| anti-inflammatory effect
198
formoterol+budesonide- Symbicort indication
asthma
| COPD
199
formoterol+mometasone- Dulera class
LABA + ICS
200
formoterol+mometasone- Dulera MOA/Pcol
relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to cause bronchodilation
| anti-inflammatory effect
201
formoterol+mometason- Dulera indication
asthma
| COPD
202
mirabegron- Myrbetriq class
beta3 adrenergic agonist
203
mirabegron- Myrbetriq MOA/Pcol
binds to beta3 receptors in detrussor smooth muscle causing relaxation and urinary storage
204
mirabegron- Myrbetriq indication
urge urinary incontinence (UUI)/OAB
205
mirabegron- Myrbetriq misc.
takes weeks for full effect
