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Drug Action 1 > Potter Final Cumulative > Flashcards

Potter Final Cumulative Flashcards

1
Q

nicotine polacrilex gum- Nicorette class

A

nicotine replacement therapy

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2
Q

nicotine polacrilex gum- Nicorette MOA/Pcol

A

binds to CNS nicotinic receptors
nicotine stimulates epi and dopamine release
transient hyperglycemia

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3
Q

nicotine polacrilex gum- Nicorette Indication

A

smoking cessation

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4
Q

varenicline- Chantix class

A

nicotinic partial agonist

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5
Q

varenicline- Chantix MOA/Pcol

A

nicotinic partial agonist on alpha4, beta2 subunits of nicotinic receptor
CNS selective

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6
Q

varenicline- Chantix indication

A

smoking cessation

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7
Q

varenicline- Chantix ADR

A

nausea, depression, suicidal thoughts

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8
Q

varenicline- Chantix boxed warning

A

avoid in depressed patients and psychiatric illness

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9
Q

pyridostigmine- Mestinon class

A

AChE Inhibitor

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10
Q

pyridostigmine- Mestinon MOA/Pcol

A

peripherally acting reversible AChE inhibitor

increase ACh

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11
Q

pyridostigmine- Mestinon indication

A

myasthenia gravis

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12
Q

pyridostigmine- Mestinon misc.

A

does not cross BBB

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13
Q

neostigmine- Prostigmin class

A

AChE inhibitor

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14
Q

neostigmine- Prostigmin MOA/Pcol

A

peripherally acting AChE inhibitor
increase ACh
direct stimulation of Nm receptors

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15
Q

neostigmine- Prostigmin indication

A

myasthenia gravis

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16
Q

neostigmine- Prostigmin misc.

A

does not cross BBB

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17
Q

physostigmine- Eserine class

A

AChE inhibitor

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18
Q

physostigmine- Eserine MOA/Pcol

A

peripherally acting AChE inhibitor

increase ACh

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19
Q

physostigmine- Eserine indication

A

myasthenia gravis

overdose of anticholinergic agents

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20
Q

physostigmine- Eserine misc.

A

CNS and peripheral nervous system effects

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21
Q

donepezil- Aricept class

A

CNS acting AChE inhibitor

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22
Q

donepezil- Aricept MOA/Pcol

A

reversible AChE inhibitor

increase ACh

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23
Q

donepezil- Aricept indication

A

alzheimers

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24
Q

galantamine- Razadyne class

A

CNS acting AChE inhibitor

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25
Q

galantamine- Razadyne MOA/Pcol

A

reversible AChE inhibitor
increase ACh
bind directly to nicotinic receptors in CNS

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26
Q

galantamine- Razadyne indication

A

alzheimers

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27
Q

rivastigmine- Exelon class

A

CNS acting AChE inhibitor

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28
Q

rivastigmine- Exelon MOA/Pcol

A

pseudoirreversible AChE inhibitor by forming covalent bond

increase ACh

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29
Q

rivastigmine- Exelon indication

A

alzheimers

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30
Q

pilocarpine- Isoptocarpine class

A

muscarinic agonist

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31
Q

pilocarpine- Isoptocarpine MOA/Pcol

A

contracts sphincter- miosis

overall increase in outflow through trabecular meshwork

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32
Q

pilocarpine- Isoptocarpine indication

A

open angle glaucoma

sialogogue- oral formulation Salagen for Sjogrens syndrome

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33
Q

carbochol- Isopto carbachol class

A

muscarinic agonist

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34
Q

carbachol- Isopto carbachol MOA//Pcol

A

contracts sphincter- miosis

overall increase in outflow through trabecular meshwork

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35
Q

carbachol- Isopto carbachol indication

A

open angle glaucoma

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36
Q

bethanecol- Urecholine class

A

muscarinic agonist

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37
Q

bethanecol- Urecholine MOA/Pcol

A

increase GI motility, increase salivation and secretions

stimulates detrussor muscle contraction

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38
Q

bethanecol- Urecholine indication

A

post-operative ileus: decreased movement through GI
gastropariesis: paralysis of stomach
atonic bladder, urinary retention

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39
Q

atropine IV class

A

muscarinic antagonist

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40
Q

atropine IV MOA/Pcol

A

nonselective muscarinic antagonist

no effect on CNS at therapeutic concentrations

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41
Q

atropine IV indication

A

AV nodal heart block

sinus bradycardia

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42
Q

atropine IV ADR

A

urinary retention, constipation, tachycardia, dry mouth, mydriasis, decreased sweating

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43
Q

ipatropium- Atrovent class

A

muscarinic antagonist (SAMA)

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44
Q

ipatropium- Atrovent MOA/Pcol

A

M3 receptor stimulation causes smooth muscle bronchodilation

decrease mucus secretions

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45
Q

ipatropium- Atrovent indication

A

COPD (emphysema/chronic bronchitis)
asthma
rhinorrhea

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46
Q

ipatropium- Atrovent ADR

A

dry mouth

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47
Q

tiotropium- Spiriva class

A

muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)

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48
Q

tiotropium- Spriva MOA/Pcol

A

M3 receptor stimulation causes smooth muscle bronchodilation

decrease mucus secretions

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49
Q

tiotropium- Spriva indication

A

COPD- emphysema or chronic bronchitis

asthma

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50
Q

tiotropium- Spiriva ADR

A

dry mouth

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51
Q

aclindinium Br- Tudorza class

A

muscarinic antagonist

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52
Q

aclindinium Br- Tudorza MOA/Pcol

A

M3 receptor stimulation causes smooth muscle bronchodilation

decrease mucus secretions

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53
Q

aclindinium Br- Tudorza indication

A

COPD- emphysema or chronic bronchitis

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54
Q

scopolamine- Transderm Scop class

A

muscarinic antagonist

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55
Q

scopolamine- Transdern Scop MOA/Pcol

A

CNS acting

acts on chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ)

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56
Q

scopolamine- Transderm Scop indication

A

motion sickness prophylaxis

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57
Q

scopolamine- Transderm Scop use

A

1 patch placed behind ear every 2-3 days

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58
Q

scopolamine- Transderm Scop ADR

A

dry mouth, blurred vision

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59
Q

diphenoxylate+atropine- Lomotil class

A

muscarinic antagonist

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60
Q

diphenoxylate+atropine- Lomotil MOA/Pcol

A 
decrease GI tone and movement
inhibit secretions (dry mouth)
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61
Q

diphenoxylate+atropine- Lomotil indication

A

diarrhea

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62
Q

diphenoxylate+atropine- Lomitil misc.

A

low dose atropine used to prevent opioid abuse

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63
Q

oxybutynin- Ditropan (immediate release) class

A

muscarinic antagonist

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64
Q

oxybutynin- Ditropan (immediate release) MOA/Pcol

A

antispasmodic on GU smooth muscle
decrease contraction of the detrussor muscle
increase bladder capacity
decrease urgency and frequency of urination

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65
Q

oxybutynin- Ditropan (immediate release) indication

A

urge urinary incontinence/over active bladder (OAB)

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66
Q

oxybutynin- Ditropan (immediate release) misc

A

highest rate of ADRs: dry mouth 71%, constipation 15%

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67
Q

oxybutynin- Ditropan XR (sustained release) class

A

muscarinic antagonist

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68
Q

oxybutynin- Ditropan XR (sustained release) MOA/Pcol

A

antispasmodic on GU smooth muscle
decrease contraction of the detrussor muscle
increase bladder capacity
decrease urgency and frequency of urination

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69
Q

oxybutynin- Ditropan XR (sustained release) indication

A

urge urinary incontinence/OAB

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70
Q

oxybutynin- Oxytrol (transdermal) class

A

muscarinic antagonist

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71
Q

oxybutynin- Oxytrol (transdermal) MOA/Pcol

A

antispasmodic on GU smooth muscle
decrease contraction of the detrussor muscle
increase bladder capacity
decrease urgency and frequency of urination

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72
Q

oxybutynin- Oxytrol (transdermal) indication

A

urge urinary incontinence/OAB

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73
Q

oxybutynin- Oxytrol (transdermal) use

A

apply 1 patch to arm or abdomen every 3-4 days

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74
Q

tolterodine- Detrol class

A

muscarinic antagonist

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75
Q

tolterodine- Detrol MOA/Pcol

A

antispasmodic on GU smooth muscle
decrease contraction of the detrussor muscle
increase bladder capacity
decrease urgency and frequency of urination

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76
Q

tolterodine- Detrol indication

A

urge urinary incontinence/OAB

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77
Q

fesoterodine- Toviaz class

A

muscarinic antagonist

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78
Q

fesoterodine- Toviaz MOA/Pcol

A

antispasmodic on GU smooth muscle
decrease contraction of the detrussor muscle
increase bladder capacity
decrease urgency and frequency of urination

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79
Q

fesoterodine- Toviaz indication

A

urge urinary incontinence/OAB

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80
Q

fesoterodine- Toviaz misc.

A

active metabolite- tolterodine derivative (hydrolysis, not CYP450)

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81
Q

trospium- Sanctura class

A

muscarinic antagonist

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82
Q

trospium- Sanctura MOA/Pcol

A

antispasmodic on GU smooth muscle
decrease contraction of the detrussor muscle
increase bladder capacity
decrease urgency and frequency of urination

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83
Q

trospium- Sanctura indication

A

urge urinary incontinence/OAB

84
Q

trospium- Sanctura misc.

A

lowest % of ADR

85
Q

darifenacin- Enablex class

A

muscarinic antagonist

86
Q

darifenacin- Enablex MOA/Pcol

A

antispasmodic on GU smooth muscle
decrease contraction of the detrussor muscle
increase bladder capacity
decrease urgency and frequency of urination

87
Q

darifenacin- Enablex indication

A

urge urinary incontinence/OAB

88
Q

darifenacin- Enablex misc.

A

most selective of the OAB meds (M3 selective)

89
Q

solifenacin- Vesicare class

A

muscarinic antagonist

90
Q

solifenacin- Vesicare MOA/Pcol

A

antispasmodic on GU smooth muscle
decrease contraction of the detrussor muscle
increase bladder capacity
decrease urgency and frequency of urination

91
Q

solifenacin- Vesicare indication

A

urge urinary incontinence/OAB

92
Q

rocuronium- Zemuron class

A

NMJ blocker- paralytic

93
Q

rocuronium- Zemuron MOA/Pcol

A

non-depolarizing, competitive antagonist
compete with ACh for nicotinic receptors in skeletal muscle
can block ganglionic and pre-synaptic nicotinic receptors at high doses (toxicity)

94
Q

rocuronium- Zemuron indication

A

surgery- skeletal muscle paralysis (allows for decreased anesthetia)
facilitate intubation, endotrachial tube insertion, on a ventilator, medically induced coma

95
Q

rocuronium- Zemuron misc.

A

IV agent with quick onset, short duration of action

96
Q

vercuronium- Norcuron class

A

NMJ blocker- paralytic

97
Q

vercuronium- Norcuron MOA/Pcol

A

non-depolarizing, competitive antagonist
compete with ACh for nicotinic receptors in skeletal muscle
can block ganglionic and pre-synaptic nicotinic receptors at high doses (toxicity)

98
Q

vercuronium- Norcuron indication

A

surgery- skeletal muscle paralysis (allows for decreased anesthetia)
facilitate intubation, endotrachial tube insertion, on a ventilator, medically induced coma

99
Q

vercuronium- Norcuron misc.

A

IV agent with quick onset, short duration of action

100
Q

succinylcholine- Anectine class

A

NMJ blocker- paralytic

101
Q

succinylcholine- Anectine MOA/Pcol

A

depolarizing agent
initial increase in muscle activity
Phase I- therapeutic; channel constantly open to decrease muscle contraction
Phase II- toxic; succinylcholine physically binds in channel

102
Q

succinylcholine- Anectine indication

A

surgery- skeletal muscle paralysis (allows for decreased anesthetia)
facilitate intubation, endotrachial tube insertion, on a ventilator, medically induced coma

103
Q

onabotulinumtoxinA- Botox class

A

botulinum toxin derivative

104
Q

onabotulinumtoxinA- Botox MOA/Pcol

A

prevents release of ACh from pre-junctional motor neurons into the NMJ
produces a state of degeneration (have to get new fibrils to regain activity)
temporary paralysis of locally injected muscles

105
Q

onabotulinumtoxinA- Botox indication

A

hyperhidrosis- abnormal increase in sweating inadequately managed with topical agents
stabismus (one eye pulled to side) and blepharospasm (uncontrolled blinking)
migraine prophylaxis
glabellar lines: creases in face

106
Q

onabotulinumtoxinA- Botox misc.

A

lots of unlabeled uses
100 U/vial
boxed warning- can spread from injection site
can last for 12 months

107
Q

rimabotulinumtoxinB- Myobloc class

A

botulinum toxin derivative

108
Q

rimabotulinumtoxinB- Myobloc MOA/Pcol

A

prevents release of ACh from pre-junctional motor neurons into the NMJ
produces a state of degeneration (have to get new fibrils to regain activity)
temporary paralysis of locally injected muscles

109
Q

rimabotulinumtoxinB- Myobloc misc.

A

5000 U/vial

110
Q

theophylline class

A

methylxanthine phosphodiesterase inhibitor

111
Q

theophylline MOA/Pcol

A

non-selective PDE
bronchodilator- inhibits cAMP dependent PDEs in bronchial smooth muscle
prostaglandin antagonist
decrease release of mediators from mast cells and leukocytes
increase diaphragm contractility and mucocilary clearance

112
Q

theophylline indication

A

adjunct treatment of asthma- decrease dependence on beta-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids
adjunct in COPD for pts who are not controlled with anti-cholinergics and beta2 agonists

113
Q

roflumilast- Daliresp class

A

phosphodiesterase inhibitor

114
Q

roflumilast- Daliresp MOA/Pcol

A

inhibits PDE-IV

anti-inflammatory effect thru suppression of proinflammatory cytokines ie IL-6, TNF-alpha

115
Q

roflumilast- Daliresp indication

A

COPD with excess mucous production

116
Q

cilostazol- Pletal class

A

phosphodiesterase inhibitor

117
Q

cilostazol- Pletal MOA/Pcol

A

inhibits cAMP- PDE-III
increase vasodilation
decrease platelet aggregation

118
Q

cilostazol- Pletal indication

A

peripheral vascular disease, intermittent claudication

decrease pain experience with movement

119
Q

inamrinone- Inocor IV class

A

phosphodiesterase inhibitor

120
Q

inamrinone- Inocor IV MOA/Pcol

A

PDE-III inhibitor inhibits the breakdown of cAMP keeping Ca channels open
increase contractile force of failing hearts (+ iontropy)
vasodilation

121
Q

inamrinone- Inocor IV indication

A

acute decompensated heart failure

122
Q

inamrinone- Inocor IV misc.

A

short term use only, increased mortality when used long term

123
Q

sildenafil- Viagra class

A

phosphodiesterase inhibitor

124
Q

sildenafil- Viagra MOA/Pcol

A

inhibits cGMP PDE-V

causes relaxation of the smooth muscle of the corpus cavernosum

125
Q

sildenafil- Viagra indication

A

erectile dysfunction
pulmonary artertial hypertension (PAH)
SSRI associated sexual dysfunction

126
Q

sildenafil- Viagra misc.

A

4 hr duration
ADR: NAION
CI: nitrates

127
Q

vardenafil- Levitra class

A

phosphodiesterase inhibitor

128
Q

vardenafil- Levitra MOA/Pcol

A

inhibits cGMP PDE-V

causes relaxation of the smooth muscle of the corpus cavernosum

129
Q

vardenafil- Levitra indication

A

erectile dysfunction
pulmonary artertial hypertension (PAH)
SSRI associated sexual dysfunction

130
Q

vardenafil- Levitra misc.

A

4 hr duration
ADR: NAION
CI: nitrates

131
Q

tadalafil- Cialis class

A

phosphodiesterase inhibitor

132
Q

tadalafil- Cialis MOA/Pcol

A

inhibits cGMP PDE-V

causes relaxation of the smooth muscle of the corpus cavernosum

133
Q

tadalafil- Cialis indication

A

erectile dysfunction
pulmonary artertial hypertension (PAH)
SSRI associated sexual dysfunction

134
Q

tadalafil- Cialis misc.

A

36 hours duration, daily dosing available
ADR: NAION
CI: nitrates

135
Q

avanafil- Stendra class

A

phosphodiesterase inhibitor

136
Q

avanafil- Stendra MOA/Pcol

A

inhibits cGMP PDE-V

causes relaxation of the smooth muscle of the corpus cavernosum

137
Q

avanafil- Stendra indication

A

erectile dysfunction

138
Q

avanafil- Stendra misc.

A

4 hr duration

CI: nitrates

139
Q

pseudoephedrine- Sudafed class

A

alpha1 adrenergic agonist

140
Q

psuedoephedrine- Sudafed MOA/Pcol

A

vasoconstriction in systemic and ocular blood vessels

decrease secretions in eyes and nose

141
Q

psuedoephedrine- Sudafed indication

A

rhinitis, conjuctivity

stress urinary incontience

142
Q

psuedoephedrine- Sudafed ADR

A

increase BP, arrhythmias, increase HR, increase blood glucose

143
Q

phenylephrine class

A

alpha1 adrenergic agoinst

144
Q

phenyeprhine MOA/Pcol

A

vasoconstriction in systemic and ocular blood vessels

decrease secretions in eyes and nose

145
Q

phenyleprine indication

A

rhinitis, conjunctivitis

hypotension, shock

146
Q

phenylephrine ADR

A

increase BP, arrhythmias, increase HR, increase blood glucose

147
Q

tetrahydralazine- Visine class

A

alpha1 adrenergic agonist

148
Q

tetrahydralazine- Visine MOA/Pcol

A

vasoconstriction in ocular blood vessels

decrease secretions in eyes and nose (ocular or nasal administration)

149
Q

tetrahydralazine- Visina indication

A

rhinitis, conjunctivitis

150
Q

apraclonidine- Iopidine class

A

alpha2 agonist

151
Q

aproclonidine- Iopidine MOA/Pcol

A

peripheral: presynaptic alpha2 stimulation decreases aqueous humor production and decreases IOP

152
Q

apraclonidine- Iopoidine indication

A

glaucoma

153
Q

clonidine- Catapres class

A

alpha2 adrenergic agonist

154
Q

clonidine- Catapres MOA/Pcol

A

major: CNS inhibition of sympathetic tone (alpha2 stimulation presynaptic and postsynaptically decreases NE)
sympatholytic
peripheral: presynaptic alpha2 stimulation decreases NE release
primary effect on heart is to decrease HR and CO

155
Q

clonidine- Catapres indication

A

HTN

156
Q

clonidine- Catapress misc.

A

rebound HTN when high doses abruptly discontinued

CNS ADR: excessive sedation, drowsiness

157
Q

guanfacine- Intuniv class

A

alpha2A adrenergic agoinst

158
Q

guanfacine- Intuniv MOA/Pcol

A

major: CNS inhibition of sympathetic tone (alpha2 stimulation presynaptic and postsynaptically decreases NE)
sympatholytic

159
Q

guanfacine- Intuniv indication

A

ADHD

160
Q

guanfacine- Intuniv misc.

A

non-stimulant

161
Q

methyldopa- Aldomet class

A

alpha2 adrenergic agonist

162
Q

methyldopa- Aldomet MOA/Pcol

A

CNS inhibition of sympathethic tone (alpha2 stimulation presynaptic and postsynaptically decreases NE)

163
Q

methyldopa- Aldomet indication

A

HTN in pregnancy

164
Q

dobutamine- Dobutrex classs

A

beta1 adrenergic agonist

165
Q

dobutamine- Dobutrex MOA/Pcol

A

positive inotropic agent

166
Q

dobutamine- Dobutrex indication

A

short term use to support cardiac function during CHF or MI

167
Q

isoproterenol- Isuprel class

A

adrenergic agonist

168
Q

isoproterenol- Isuprel MOA/Pcol

A

beta1, beta2 agonist

169
Q

isoproterenol- Isuprel indication

A

acute asthma attacks (IV only)

heart block

170
Q

Epi class

A

adrenergic agonist

171
Q

Epi MOA/Pcol

A

alpha1, alpha2, beta1, beta2, beta3 agonist
eye: mydriasis; increase aqueous outflow; decrease IOP; ocular decongestant (alpha1)
Arteries: net effect vasoconstriction (alpha1 > beta2)
Lungs: bronchodilation (beta2)
Heart: increase rate and force (beta1 and beta2)

172
Q

Epi indication

A

anaphylaxis (Epi-Pen)

open angle glaucoma

173
Q

albuterol- Ventolin class

A

SABA beta2 adrenergic agonist

174
Q

albuterol- Ventolin MOA/Pcol

A

relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to cause bronchodilation

175
Q

albuterol- Ventolin indication

A

asthma

COPD

176
Q

albuterol- Ventolin ADR

A

skeletal muscle tremor, increase HR

177
Q

levalbuterol- Xopenex class

A

SABA beta2 adrenergic agonist

178
Q

levalbuterol- Xopenex MOA/Pcol

A

relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to cause bronchodilation

179
Q

levalbuterol- Xopenex indication

A

asthma

COPD

180
Q

levalbuterol- Xopenex ADR

A

skeletal muscle tremor, increase HR

181
Q

salmeterol- Serevent class

A

LABA beta2 adrenergic agonist

182
Q

salmeterol- Serevent MOA/Pcol

A

relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to cause bronchodilation

183
Q

salmeterol- Serevent indication

A

asthma

COPD

184
Q

salmeterol- Serevent misc.

A

ADR: skeletal muscle tremor, increase HR
FDA: decrease in overall attacks, increase life-threatening attack in asthma

185
Q

formoterol- Foradil class

A

LABA beta2 adrenergic agonist

186
Q

formoterol- Foradil MOA/Pcol

A

relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to cause bronchodilation

187
Q

formoterol- Foradil indication

A

asthma

COPD

188
Q

formoterol- Foradil misc.

A

ADR: skeletal muscle tremor, increase HR
FDA: decrease in overall attacks, increase life-threatening attack in asthma

189
Q

indacaterol- Atcapta class

A

ultra LABA beta2 adrenergic agonist

190
Q

indacaterol- Atcapta MOA/Pcol

A

relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to cause bronchodilation

191
Q

indacaterol- Atcapta indication

A

COPD

192
Q

indacaterol- Atcapta ADR

A

skeletal muscle tremor, increase HR

193
Q

salmeterol+fluticasone- Advair class

A

LABA + ICS

194
Q

salmeterol+fluticasone- Advair MOA/Pcol

A

relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to cause bronchodilation

anti-inflammatory effect

195
Q

salmeterol+fluticasone- Advair indication

A

asthma

COPD

196
Q

formoterol+budesonide- Symbicort class

A

LABA + ICS

197
Q

formoterol+budesonide- Symbicort MOA/Pcol

A

relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to cause bronchodilation

anti-inflammatory effect

198
Q

formoterol+budesonide- Symbicort indication

A

asthma

COPD

199
Q

formoterol+mometasone- Dulera class

A

LABA + ICS

200
Q

formoterol+mometasone- Dulera MOA/Pcol

A

relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to cause bronchodilation

anti-inflammatory effect

201
Q

formoterol+mometason- Dulera indication

A

asthma

COPD

202
Q

mirabegron- Myrbetriq class

A

beta3 adrenergic agonist

203
Q

mirabegron- Myrbetriq MOA/Pcol

A

binds to beta3 receptors in detrussor smooth muscle causing relaxation and urinary storage

204
Q

mirabegron- Myrbetriq indication

A

urge urinary incontinence (UUI)/OAB

205
Q

mirabegron- Myrbetriq misc.

A

takes weeks for full effect

Drug Action 1 (7 decks)

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