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PosteriorThigh Flashcards

1
Q

biceps femoris origin

A

ischial tuberosity, distal femur

short head: lateral lip of linea aspera

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2
Q

biceps femoris insertion

A

lateral head of fibula

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3
Q

biceps femoris innervation

A

tibial division of sciatic

short head: common fibular division of the sciatic nerve

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4
Q

biceps femoris action

A

thigh extension, knee flexion, leg lateral rotation

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5
Q

semitendinosis insertion

A

pes anserine of medial tibia

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6
Q

semitendinosis innervation

A

sciatic

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7
Q

semitendinosis action

A

thigh extension, knee flexion, medial rotation

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8
Q

semimembranosis origin

A

ischial tuberosity

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9
Q

semimembranosis insertion

A

medial tibia

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10
Q

semimembranosis innervation

A

sciatic

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11
Q

semimembranosis action

A

thigh extension, knee flexion, medial rotation

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12
Q

semimembranosis action

A

thigh extension, knee flexion, medial rotation

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13
Q

gluteus maximus origin

A

ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament

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14
Q

gluteus maximus insertion

A

iliotibial tract, some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity

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15
Q

gluteus maximus innervation

A

inferior gluteal nerve

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16
Q

trochanteric bursa

A

separates gluteus maximus from greater trochanter

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17
Q

gluteofemoral bursa

A

separates the iliotibial tract from superior part of proximal attachment of vastus lateralis

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18
Q

ischial bursa

A

separates inferior part of gluteus maximus from ischial tuberosity; often absent

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19
Q

gluteus medius origin

A

External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

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20
Q

gluteus medius insertion

A

lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

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21
Q

gluteus medius innervation

A

superior gluteal

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22
Q

gluteus medius action

A

Abduct and medially rotate the thigh, keeps pelvis level when opposite leg is raised

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23
Q

gluteus minimus origin

A

external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

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24
Q

gluteus minimus insertion

A

anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

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25
gluteus minimus innervation
superior gluteal
26
gluteus minimus action
Abduct and medially rotate the thigh, keeps pelvis level when opposite leg is raised
27
piriformis action
laterally rotates extend thigh; abducts flexed thigh; steadies femoral head in acetabulum
28
piriformis origin
anterior surface of sacrum and sacrotuberus ligament
29
piriformis insertion
superior border of greater trochanter of femur
30
piriformis innervation
branches of ventral rami S1 and S2
31
piriformis action
laterally rotates extend thigh; abducts flexed thigh; steadies femoral head in acetabulum
32
what muscles make up the triceps coxae?
superior gemellus obturator internus inferior gemellus
33
how are the superior and inferior gemelli named?
according to their relationship to the obturator internus
34
what is the action of the muscles of the triceps coxae?
laterally rotate the extended thigh; abduct the flexed thigh; steady the femoral head in the acetabulum
35
obturator internus origin
Pelvic surface of obturator membrane & surrounding bones
36
obturator internus insertion
Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa)
37
obturator internus innervation
Nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1)
38
obturator internus action
laterally rotate the extended thigh; abduct the flexed thigh; steady the femoral head in the acetabulum
39
superior gemellus origin
Ischial spine
40
superior gemellus insertions
Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa)
41
superior gemellus innervation
Nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1)
42
superior gemellus action
laterally rotate the extended thigh; abduct the flexed thigh; steady the femoral head in the acetabulum
43
inferior gemellus origin
ischial tuberosity
44
inferior gemellus insertion
Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa)
45
inferior gemellus innervation
Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5,S1)
46
inferior gemellus action
laterally rotate the extended thigh; abduct the flexed thigh; steady the femoral head in the acetabulum
47
quadratus femoris origin
Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
48
quadratus femoris insertion
Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest & inferior to it
49
quadratus femoris innervation
Nerve to Quadratus femoris (L5 & S1)
50
obturator externus origin
Obturator foramen & membrane
51
obturator externus insertion
Trochanteric fossa of femur
52
obturator externus innervation
Obturator nerve (L3 & 4)
53
a decreased angle of inclination is known as
coxa vara
54
coxa vara results in
a shorter leg | less force is required by the abductors to resist gravity during single leg stance
55
angle of inclination
femoral shaft and neck in frontal plane normal angle varies with age, sex, development (average 125-130˚) alters the length-tension relationships of muscles in childhood it is 150˚
56
an increased angle of inclination is known as
coxa valga
57
coxa valga results in
a longer leg head directed superiorly in acetabulum shortens moment arm of abductors, decreasing mechanical advantage increases stress at medial knee
58
angle of torsion
axis of head and neck to femoral condyles in transverse plane ~15˚
59
anteversion
angle of torsion greater than 15˚
60
excessive anteversion results in
toe-in when hip aligned
61
retroversion
angle of torsion less than 15˚
62
retroversion results in
toe-out when hip aligned
63
retroversion results in
toe-out when hip aligned
64
vara/varum
pathological decrease in medial knee angle
65
vara/varum
pathological decrease in medial side angle
66
valga/valgus
pathological increase in medial side angle
67
Q angle
line representing the resultant line of force of the quadriceps, made by connecting a point near the ASIS to the mid-point of the Patella. In women the Q angle should be less than 22 degrees with knee extension In men: less than 18 degree
68
increased Q angle may
increase the lateral pull on the patella and potentially add more stress on the ACL leading to injury: theory that increases issues with females at the ACL
69
what affects Q angle?
femoral anteversion, tibial torsion, Genu valgum
70
whatever happens at the hip effects
the knee
71
what increases incidence of dislocation of the hip?
coxa valga
72
slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)
10-17 yrs of age Males more often Shearing with Abduction and Lateral Rotation Coxa Vara if slow developing
73
legg-calve-perthes disease
disruption of blood flow to the head of the femur Juvenile arthritis Limited flexion, abduction, internal rotation

Anatomy (16 decks)

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