Arm and Forearm Flashcards
1
Q
biceps brachii origin
A
short head: tip of coracoid process of scapula
long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
2
Q
biceps brachii insertion
A
tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
3
Q
biceps brachii innervation
A
musculocutaneous
4
Q
biceps brachii action
A
supinates and flexes forearm in a supinated position
5
Q
brachialis origin
A
distal ½ of anterior surface of humerus
6
Q
brachialis insertion
A
coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
7
Q
brachialis innervation
A
musculocutaneous
8
Q
brachialis action
A
flexes forearm in all positions
9
Q
coracobrachialis origin
A
tip of coracoid process of scapula
10
Q
coracobrachialis insertion
A
middle ⅓ of medial surface of humerus
11
Q
coracobrachialis innervation
A
musculocutaneous
12
Q
coracobrachialis action
A
flex and adduct arm
13
Q
triceps brachii origin
A
long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
lateral head: posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove
medial head: posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove
14
Q
triceps brachii insertion
A
proximal end of olecranon process of ulna and fascia of forearm
15
Q
triceps brachii innervation
A
radial
16
Q
triceps brachii action
A
extends humerus; long head steadies head of abducted humerus; extends the forearm
17
Q
anconeus origin
A
lateral epicondyle of humerus
18
Q
anconeus insertion
A
lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna
19
Q
anconeous innervation
A
radial
20
Q
anconeous action
A
assists triceps in extending forearm; stabilizes elbow joint; abducts ulna during pronation
21
Q
pronator teres origin
A
humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus
ulnar head: coranoid process of ulna
22
Q
pronator teres insertion
A
middle of convexity of lateral shaft of radius
23
Q
pronator teres innervation
A
median
24
Q
pronator teres action
A
flexes and pronates the forearm at the elbow
25
flexor carpi radialis origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
26
flexor carpi radialis insertion
base of second metacarpal
27
flexor carpi radialis innervation
median
28
flexor carpi radialis action
wrist flexion and radial deviation
29
palmaris longus origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
30
palmaris longus insertion
apex of palmar aponeurosis and distal ½ of flexor retinaculum
31
palmaris longus innervation
median
32
palmaris longus action
assists in wrist flexion; helps tighten tissue of palmar aponeurosis
33
flexor carpi ulnaris origin
humeral head: medial epicondyle
| ulnar head: olecranon and posterior border of ulna
34
flexor carpi ulnaris insertion
pisiform, hook of hamate, fifth metacarpal
35
flexor carpi ulnaris innervation
ulnar
36
flexor carpi ulnaris action
wrist flexion and ulnar deviation
37
flexor digitorum superficialis origin
humeroulnar head: medial epicondyle
| radial head: superior ½ anterior border of radius
38
flexor digitorum superficialis insertion
middle phalanx of digits 2-5
39
flexor digitorum superficialis innervation
median
40
flexor digitorum superficialis action
MCP and PIP flexion
41
flexor digitorum profundus origin
proximal ¾ of medial and anterior ulna and interosseous membrane
42
flexor digitorum profundus insertion
base of distal phalanges of medial 4 fingers
43
flexor digitorum profundus innervation
medial part: ulnar
| lateral part: median
44
flexor digitorum profundus action
flex DIP
45
flexor pollicis longus origin
anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane
46
flexor pollicis longus insertion
base of distal phalanx of thumb
47
flexor pollicis longus innervation
median
48
flexor pollicis longus action
flexes all joints of thum
49
pronator quadratus origin
distal ¼ of anterior ulna
50
pronator quadratus insertion
distal ¼ of anterior radius
51
pronator quadratus innervation
median
52
pronator quadratus action
pronation; hold radius and ulna together
53
extensor carpi radialis brevis origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
54
extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion
dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal
55
extensor carpi radialis brevis innervation
radial
56
extensor carpi radialis brevis action
wrist extension; abducts wrist
57
extensor digitorum origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
58
extensor digitorum insertion
extensor hood
59
extensor digitorum innervation
radial
60
extensor digitorum action
MCP extension
61
extensor digiti minimi origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
62
extensor digiti minimi insertion
extensor expansion of 5th digit
63
extensor digiti minimi innervation
radial
64
extensor digiti minimi action
5th digit MCP and IP extension
65
extensor carpi ulnaris origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus, posterior border of ulna
66
extensor carpi ulnaris insertion
dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacarpal
67
extensor carpi ulnaris innervation
radial
68
extensor carpi ulnaris action
wrist extension and ulnar deviation
69
extensor carpi radialis longus origin
lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
70
extensor carpi radialis longus insertion
dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal
71
extensor carpi radialis longus innervations
radial
72
extensor carpi radialis longus action
wrist extension, abduction
73
brachioradialis origin
proximal ⅔ of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
74
brachioradialis insertion
lateral distal end of radium proximal to styloid
75
brachioradialis innervation
radial
76
brachioradialis action
flex elbow when forearm is in neutral
77
abductor pollicis longus origin
posterior proximal ½ of radius, ulna, interosseous membrane
78
abductor pollicis longus insertion
base of 1st metacarpal
79
abductor pollicis longus innervation
radial
80
abductor pollicis longus action
thumb abduction, MCP extension
81
extensor pollicis longus origin
posterior middle ⅓ ulna and interosseous membrane
82
extensor pollicis longus insertion
dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb
83
extensor pollicis longus innervation
radial
84
extensor pollicis longus action
extension of all joints of the thumb and CMC joints
85
extensor pollicis brevis origin
posterior distal ⅓ of radius and interosseous membrane
86
extensor pollicis brevis insertion
dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
87
extensor pollicis brevis innervation
radial
88
extensor pollicis brevis action
extension of MCP and CMC of thumb
89
supinator origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus, annular ligament, radial collateral ligaments, and proximal ulna at supinator crest
90
supinator insertion
lateral posterior and anterior surface of proximal ⅔ of radius
91
supinator innervation
radial
92
supinator action
supination
93
extensor indicis origin
posterior distal ⅓ ulna and interosseous membrane
94
extensor indicis insertion
extensor expansion of 2nd digit
95
extensor indicis innervation
radial
96
extensor indicis action
extend second digit; extend had and wrist
97
where is the head of the radius?
the head of the radius is proximal
98
where is the head of the ulna?
the head of the ulna is distal
99
what is the function of the annular ligament?
bind the radius and ulna together tightly at the proximal radioulnar joint; prevent dislocation of the radial head especially during forearm rotation; limits the forward, backward, and lateral displacement of the radial head
100
which nerves pass anterior to the elbow joint?
median and radial
101
which nerves past posterior to the elbow joint?
ulnar
102
if the musculocutaneous nerve was severely injured, what muscles could continue to perform elbow flexion?
brachioradialis (innervated by the radial nerve)
103
while putting metal panels on the roof of a bar, one of the panels slips out of the hands of the man, on the roof. during an attempt to catch the panel, a worker below is struck by its sharp edge. the panel hits across the anterior surface of his right arm at mid-length and the impact severs all of the tissue to the bone. when examined in the emergency room, it is noted that the patient can only weakly flex his elbow and the lateral side of his forearm is numb. in addition to the muscles, which nerve is injured?
musculocutaneous
104
while riding a bike, a patient fell against a tree and fractured the shaft of the humerus at midlength. what nerve might be injured because of its close proximity to the site of the fracture?
radial
105
a woman riding a mountain bike on a rough trail hits a rut and is thrown from the bike. her upper arm hits a tree, fracturing the humerus just above the insertion of the teres major muscle. later, during examination, it is noted that she cannot extend her forearm at the elbow or hand at the wrist. which nerve must have been injured?
radial
106
a worker doing repetitive lifting develops an inflammation in the tendon of origin of the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscles, commonly called "tennis elow". the focal point of pain would most likely be near which palpable bony landmark?
lateral epicondyle of humerus
107
a 40 year old woman comes to you complaining of pain on the lateral side of her right elbow, so severe that a at a bar last night, she was unable to lift a glass of stout. she says she spent the weekend putting in a new garden plot and tat in involved loosening and turning over a large area of grass sod with a garden fork. you find the region proximal to the lateral epicondyle of her humerus is painful to touch. there is no sensory loss in her forearm or hand. she has pain only with flexion of the elbow around 90˚ in the neutral position. her wrist and hand are pain free with all motions. you suspect a localized tearing of the origin of a muscle. the muscle most likely involved is the
brachioradialis
108
the flexor/pronator group arises from what structure?
medial epicondyle
109
which muscle is the only flexor of the DIP?
flexor digitorum profundus
110
list all the muscles of the forearm that would become inactive with a laceration of the median nerve at the elbow
```
pronator teres
palmaris longus
flexor carpi radialis
flexor digitorum superficialis
flexor digitorum profundus digits 2 and 3
pronator quadratus
flexor pollicis longus
```
111
list all the muscles that radially deviate the wrist
extensor carpi radialis brevis and longus, flexor carpi radialis, abductor pollicis longus
112
at what joints does forearm rotation occur?
proximal radioulnar joint
113
development of "tennis elbow" (lateral epicondylitis) involves origin of which muscle?
extensor carpi radialis brevis
114
what muscle is innervated by branches of both medial and ulnar nerves?
flexor digitorum profundus
115
after falling on the ice, it was determined that a patient had a colles' fracture. care must be taken to relieve tension on the broken distal end of the radius created by the pull of which muscle?
brachioradialis
