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Anatomy > Arm and Forearm > Flashcards

Arm and Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

biceps brachii origin

A

short head: tip of coracoid process of scapula

long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

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2
Q

biceps brachii insertion

A

tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

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3
Q

biceps brachii innervation

A

musculocutaneous

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4
Q

biceps brachii action

A

supinates and flexes forearm in a supinated position

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5
Q

brachialis origin

A

distal ½ of anterior surface of humerus

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6
Q

brachialis insertion

A

coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna

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7
Q

brachialis innervation

A

musculocutaneous

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8
Q

brachialis action

A

flexes forearm in all positions

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9
Q

coracobrachialis origin

A

tip of coracoid process of scapula

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10
Q

coracobrachialis insertion

A

middle ⅓ of medial surface of humerus

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11
Q

coracobrachialis innervation

A

musculocutaneous

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12
Q

coracobrachialis action

A

flex and adduct arm

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13
Q

triceps brachii origin

A

long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
lateral head: posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove
medial head: posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove

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14
Q

triceps brachii insertion

A

proximal end of olecranon process of ulna and fascia of forearm

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15
Q

triceps brachii innervation

A

radial

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16
Q

triceps brachii action

A

extends humerus; long head steadies head of abducted humerus; extends the forearm

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17
Q

anconeus origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

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18
Q

anconeus insertion

A

lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna

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19
Q

anconeous innervation

A

radial

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20
Q

anconeous action

A

assists triceps in extending forearm; stabilizes elbow joint; abducts ulna during pronation

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21
Q

pronator teres origin

A

humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus

ulnar head: coranoid process of ulna

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22
Q

pronator teres insertion

A

middle of convexity of lateral shaft of radius

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23
Q

pronator teres innervation

A

median

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24
Q

pronator teres action

A

flexes and pronates the forearm at the elbow

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25
Q

flexor carpi radialis origin

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

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26
Q

flexor carpi radialis insertion

A

base of second metacarpal

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27
Q

flexor carpi radialis innervation

A

median

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28
Q

flexor carpi radialis action

A

wrist flexion and radial deviation

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29
Q

palmaris longus origin

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

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30
Q

palmaris longus insertion

A

apex of palmar aponeurosis and distal ½ of flexor retinaculum

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31
Q

palmaris longus innervation

A

median

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32
Q

palmaris longus action

A

assists in wrist flexion; helps tighten tissue of palmar aponeurosis

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33
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris origin

A

humeral head: medial epicondyle

ulnar head: olecranon and posterior border of ulna

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34
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris insertion

A

pisiform, hook of hamate, fifth metacarpal

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35
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris innervation

A

ulnar

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36
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris action

A

wrist flexion and ulnar deviation

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37
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis origin

A

humeroulnar head: medial epicondyle

radial head: superior ½ anterior border of radius

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38
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis insertion

A

middle phalanx of digits 2-5

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39
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis innervation

A

median

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40
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis action

A

MCP and PIP flexion

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41
Q

flexor digitorum profundus origin

A

proximal ¾ of medial and anterior ulna and interosseous membrane

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42
Q

flexor digitorum profundus insertion

A

base of distal phalanges of medial 4 fingers

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43
Q

flexor digitorum profundus innervation

A

medial part: ulnar

lateral part: median

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44
Q

flexor digitorum profundus action

A

flex DIP

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45
Q

flexor pollicis longus origin

A

anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane

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46
Q

flexor pollicis longus insertion

A

base of distal phalanx of thumb

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47
Q

flexor pollicis longus innervation

A

median

48
Q

flexor pollicis longus action

A

flexes all joints of thum

49
Q

pronator quadratus origin

A

distal ¼ of anterior ulna

50
Q

pronator quadratus insertion

A

distal ¼ of anterior radius

51
Q

pronator quadratus innervation

A

median

52
Q

pronator quadratus action

A

pronation; hold radius and ulna together

53
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

54
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion

A

dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal

55
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis innervation

A

radial

56
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis action

A

wrist extension; abducts wrist

57
Q

extensor digitorum origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

58
Q

extensor digitorum insertion

A

extensor hood

59
Q

extensor digitorum innervation

A

radial

60
Q

extensor digitorum action

A

MCP extension

61
Q

extensor digiti minimi origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

62
Q

extensor digiti minimi insertion

A

extensor expansion of 5th digit

63
Q

extensor digiti minimi innervation

A

radial

64
Q

extensor digiti minimi action

A

5th digit MCP and IP extension

65
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus, posterior border of ulna

66
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris insertion

A

dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacarpal

67
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris innervation

A

radial

68
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris action

A

wrist extension and ulnar deviation

69
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus origin

A

lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

70
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus insertion

A

dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal

71
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus innervations

A

radial

72
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus action

A

wrist extension, abduction

73
Q

brachioradialis origin

A

proximal ⅔ of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

74
Q

brachioradialis insertion

A

lateral distal end of radium proximal to styloid

75
Q

brachioradialis innervation

A

radial

76
Q

brachioradialis action

A

flex elbow when forearm is in neutral

77
Q

abductor pollicis longus origin

A

posterior proximal ½ of radius, ulna, interosseous membrane

78
Q

abductor pollicis longus insertion

A

base of 1st metacarpal

79
Q

abductor pollicis longus innervation

A

radial

80
Q

abductor pollicis longus action

A

thumb abduction, MCP extension

81
Q

extensor pollicis longus origin

A

posterior middle ⅓ ulna and interosseous membrane

82
Q

extensor pollicis longus insertion

A

dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb

83
Q

extensor pollicis longus innervation

A

radial

84
Q

extensor pollicis longus action

A

extension of all joints of the thumb and CMC joints

85
Q

extensor pollicis brevis origin

A

posterior distal ⅓ of radius and interosseous membrane

86
Q

extensor pollicis brevis insertion

A

dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

87
Q

extensor pollicis brevis innervation

A

radial

88
Q

extensor pollicis brevis action

A

extension of MCP and CMC of thumb

89
Q

supinator origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus, annular ligament, radial collateral ligaments, and proximal ulna at supinator crest

90
Q

supinator insertion

A

lateral posterior and anterior surface of proximal ⅔ of radius

91
Q

supinator innervation

A

radial

92
Q

supinator action

A

supination

93
Q

extensor indicis origin

A

posterior distal ⅓ ulna and interosseous membrane

94
Q

extensor indicis insertion

A

extensor expansion of 2nd digit

95
Q

extensor indicis innervation

A

radial

96
Q

extensor indicis action

A

extend second digit; extend had and wrist

97
Q

where is the head of the radius?

A

the head of the radius is proximal

98
Q

where is the head of the ulna?

A

the head of the ulna is distal

99
Q

what is the function of the annular ligament?

A

bind the radius and ulna together tightly at the proximal radioulnar joint; prevent dislocation of the radial head especially during forearm rotation; limits the forward, backward, and lateral displacement of the radial head

100
Q

which nerves pass anterior to the elbow joint?

A

median and radial

101
Q

which nerves past posterior to the elbow joint?

A

ulnar

102
Q

if the musculocutaneous nerve was severely injured, what muscles could continue to perform elbow flexion?

A

brachioradialis (innervated by the radial nerve)

103
Q

while putting metal panels on the roof of a bar, one of the panels slips out of the hands of the man, on the roof. during an attempt to catch the panel, a worker below is struck by its sharp edge. the panel hits across the anterior surface of his right arm at mid-length and the impact severs all of the tissue to the bone. when examined in the emergency room, it is noted that the patient can only weakly flex his elbow and the lateral side of his forearm is numb. in addition to the muscles, which nerve is injured?

A

musculocutaneous

104
Q

while riding a bike, a patient fell against a tree and fractured the shaft of the humerus at midlength. what nerve might be injured because of its close proximity to the site of the fracture?

A

radial

105
Q

a woman riding a mountain bike on a rough trail hits a rut and is thrown from the bike. her upper arm hits a tree, fracturing the humerus just above the insertion of the teres major muscle. later, during examination, it is noted that she cannot extend her forearm at the elbow or hand at the wrist. which nerve must have been injured?

A

radial

106
Q

a worker doing repetitive lifting develops an inflammation in the tendon of origin of the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscles, commonly called “tennis elow”. the focal point of pain would most likely be near which palpable bony landmark?

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

107
Q

a 40 year old woman comes to you complaining of pain on the lateral side of her right elbow, so severe that a at a bar last night, she was unable to lift a glass of stout. she says she spent the weekend putting in a new garden plot and tat in involved loosening and turning over a large area of grass sod with a garden fork. you find the region proximal to the lateral epicondyle of her humerus is painful to touch. there is no sensory loss in her forearm or hand. she has pain only with flexion of the elbow around 90˚ in the neutral position. her wrist and hand are pain free with all motions. you suspect a localized tearing of the origin of a muscle. the muscle most likely involved is the

A

brachioradialis

108
Q

the flexor/pronator group arises from what structure?

A

medial epicondyle

109
Q

which muscle is the only flexor of the DIP?

A

flexor digitorum profundus

110
Q

list all the muscles of the forearm that would become inactive with a laceration of the median nerve at the elbow

A 
pronator teres
palmaris longus
flexor carpi radialis
flexor digitorum superficialis
flexor digitorum profundus digits 2 and 3
pronator quadratus
flexor pollicis longus
111
Q

list all the muscles that radially deviate the wrist

A

extensor carpi radialis brevis and longus, flexor carpi radialis, abductor pollicis longus

112
Q

at what joints does forearm rotation occur?

A

proximal radioulnar joint

113
Q

development of “tennis elbow” (lateral epicondylitis) involves origin of which muscle?

A

extensor carpi radialis brevis

114
Q

what muscle is innervated by branches of both medial and ulnar nerves?

A

flexor digitorum profundus

115
Q

after falling on the ice, it was determined that a patient had a colles’ fracture. care must be taken to relieve tension on the broken distal end of the radius created by the pull of which muscle?

A

brachioradialis

Anatomy (16 decks)

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