Hand Flashcards by Makena Mueller

swan neck

flexion of DIP extension of PIP; lateral bands move dorsally

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boutonniere deformity

flexion of PIP, extension of DIP; lateral bands move volarly

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mallet finger

disruption of terminal extensor tendon; lack extension at distal phalanx

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jersey finger

avulsion fracture of FDP; lack flexion

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trigger finger

swollen synovium; difficulty with extension, “pops” over nodule

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carpal tunnel

9 tendons and median nerve

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what tendon runs through pisiform?

flexor carpi ulnaris

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colles fracture

FOOSH resulting in fracture of distal radius
dorsal displacement of distal segment
segment distal to fracture goes dorsal

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smith fracture

FOOSH on back of hand

distal segment goes forward/volarly

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dupuytren’s contracture

disease of palmar fascia

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boxer’s fracture

fracture of neck of 5th MCP; sometimes ring finger

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dequervain’s syndrome

irritation in first dorsal compartment

radial nerve, ABPL, EPB, ECRL

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what is the test for dequervain’s syndrome

finkelstein test

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skier’s thumb

ulnar collateral ligament disruption of the thumb

can create instability at the thumb

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abductor pollicis brevis origin

flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

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abductor pollicis brevis insertion

lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

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abductor pollicis brevis nerve

median

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abductor pollicis brevis action

abducts thumb; helps oppose thumb

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flexor pollicis brevis origin

flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

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flexor pollicis brevis insertion

lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

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flexor pollicis brevis innervation

median

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flexor pollicis brevis action

flexes thumb at CMC and MCP joints

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opponens pollicis origin

flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

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opponens pollicis insertion

lateral side of first metacarpal

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opponens pollicis innervation

medial

opponens pollicis action

oppose them; draws 1st metacarpal medially to center of palm and rotates it medially

abductor digiti minimi origin

pisiform

abductor digiti minimi insertion

medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

abductor digiti minimi innervation

ulnar

abductor digiti minimi action

abducts 5th digit; assists in flexion of its proximal phalanx

flexor digiti minimi brevis origin

hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion

medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

flexor digiti minimi brevis innervation

medial

flexor digiti minimi brevis action

flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit

opponens digiti minimi origin

hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

opponens digit minimi insertion

medial border of 5th metacarpal

opponens digiti minimi innervation

median

opponens digiti minimi action

draws 5th metacarpal anterior and rotates it, bringing 5th digit into opposition with thumb

adductor pollicis origin

oblique head: bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, capitate, and adjacent carpals transverse head: anterior surface of shaft of 3rd metacarpal

adductor pollicis insertion

medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

adductor pollicis innervation

ulnar

adductor pollicis action

adducts thumb towards lateral border of palm

lumbricals 1 and 2 origin

lateral 2 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

lumbricals 3 and 4 origin

medial 3 tendons of FDP

all lumbricals insertion

lateral sides of extensor expansions of digits 2-5

lumbricals 1 and 2 innervation

median

lumbricals 3 and 4 innervation

ulnar

all lumbricals action

flex MCP joints; extend IP joints of digits 2-5

palmar interossei origin

palmar surfaces of 2nd, 4th, 5th metacarpals

palmar interossei insertion

extensor expansions of digits and bases at proximal phalanges of digits 2, 4, 5

palmar interossei innervation

ulnar

palmar interossei action

adduct digitions toward axial line (MCP 3) and assist lumbricals in flexing MCP joints and extending IP hoints

dorsal interossei origin

adjacent sides of 2 metacarpals

dorsal interossei insertion

bases of proximal phalanges and extensor expansions of digits 2-4

dorsal interossei innervation

median

finklestein

dequervian's tenosynovitis, radial nerve

phalen's and reverse phalen's

median nerve; carpal tunnel syndrome

allen's test

clamp arteries, open and close hand, lift one thumb | assess blood flow in hand

what is medial to the radial pulse?

flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus

lateral boundary of anatomical snuff box

abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis

medial boundary of anatomical snuff box

extensor pollicis longus

what is the saddle joint of the thumb?

trapezium

What specific structures pass through the carpal tunnel?

9 structures pass through the CT: 4 tendons of FDS, 4 tendons of FDP, FPL and Median nerve

Demonstrate palmar abduction and radial abduction of the thumb

Palmar abduction: with the handheld in supination bring the thumb up towards the nose in a sagittal plane. Radial abduction: with the handheld in NAP at the side, bring the thumb away from the body in the frontal plane.

What is the reference point for abduction and adduction of the fingers?

Midline in the hand is digit III. A line through digit III is the reference point for abduction and adduction of the fingers.

What is another term for describing radial deviation of the wrist? Ulnar deviation?

Radial deviation is also known as abduction of the hand at the wrist, Ulnar deviation is also known as adduction of the hand at the wrist.

Compression of the median nerve in the CT affects which hand muscles

flexor pollicis brevis

In an industrial accident a band saw blade breaks free. The patient raises his hand to block the blade from hitting him in the face and the blade stabs him in the wrist, just lateral to the pisiform bone. What artery is injured?

ulnar artery

``` The extensor expansion of the ring finger receives tendons from all of the following except: a. Dorsal interosseus b. Extensor carpi ulnaris c. Extensor digitorum d. Lumbrical e. Palmar interosseus ```

b. extensor carpi ulnaris

You need to check the pulse of a child with his forearm in a cast. You press into the anatomical snuffbox to palpate the superficial radial artery. What tendon lies immediately medial (ulnar) to your finger?

extensor pollicis longus

The point of insertion of the FDS to the index finger is on the

middle phalanx

A patient falls while skateboarding and sustains deep lacerations at the wrist and little finger side of their hand. The wounds are cleaned and then you place a piece of paper between the adjacent surfaces of the patient’s index and middle fingers. The patient is unable to squeeze their fingers together with sufficient force to hold the paper. What nerve may be damaged?

ulnar nerve

What movement of the thumb would be most affected by a lesion to the median nerve at the cubital fossa?

flexion