Posterior Triangle Flashcards
Skin to the back of the scalp is innervated by what?
dorsal rami of spinal nerves C2-C5
skin to the lateral side of the neck is innervated by what?
ventral rami of spinal nerves C2-C4
what does the lesser occipital nerve supply?
skin over lateral part of occipital region and upper part of medial surface of auricle
what does the greater auricular nerve supply?
Supplies skin over angle of mandible and parotid gland + both surfaces of lower part of auricle
what does the transverse cervical nerve supply?
Supplies skin of anterior and lateral aspects of neck
what does the supraclavicular nerve supply?
skin at base of neck and skin that covers upper parts of pectoralis major and deltoid muscles
what is the innervation of the platysma?
cervical branch of facial nerve
what 2 veins come together to form the external jugular vein?
posterior auricular vein
Posterior branch of retromandibular vein
what 2 veins come together to form the retromandibular vein?
superficial temporal
maxillary v.
where do the anterior jugular veins drain into?
external jugular vein
what is the innervation of the sternocleidomastoid?
accessory nerve + ventral rami of C2 and C3
what does the investing layer of deep cervical fascia cover in the neck?
the entire neck like a collar
what are the 3 parts of the pretracheal layer of the deep cervical fascia?
muscular
visceral
buccopharyngeal
what does the prevertebral layer surround?
cervical vertebrae and the mucles
what is in the carotid sheath?
common carotid arteries
vagus nerve
internal jugular vein
why is the retropharyngeal space important clinically?
infection can spread through it to the mediastinum
what are the boundaries for the entire posterior triangle of the neck?
posterior border of sternocleidomastoid
middle 1/3 of clavicle
anterior border of trapezius
what divides the posterior triangle of the neck into occipital triangle and supraclavicular triangle?
inferior belly of the omohyoid
what is the origin of the scalenus anterior?
transverse process of C3-C6
what is anterior to the scalenus anterior?
subclavian vein
phrenic nerve
branches of the thyrocervical trunk
what is posterior to the scalenus anterior?
subclavian artery
brachial plexus
what is the innervation of the omohyoid?
ansa cervicalis
What fibers make up the lesser occipital nerve?
C2
What fibers make up the great auricular nerve?
C2
C3
What fibers make up the transverse cervical nerve?
C2
C3
What fibers make up the supraclavicular nerves?
C3
C4
What is the action of the platysma?
Depress the mandible
Draw down lower lip
What does unilateral contraction of the sternocleidomastoid do (2 actions)?
Lateral flexion to same side as contracting muscle
Rotation to opposite side as contracting muscle
What does bilateral contraction of the sternocleidomastoid do?
Draw head forward
Flex head
Inspiration
What muscles are surrounded by the investing layer of deep cervical fascia?
Trapezius
Sternocleidomastoid
What does the muscular part of the deep cervical fascia enclose?
Infra hyoid muscles
Where is the retro pharyngeal space in the neck?
Between the buccopharyngeal fascia and prevertebral fascia
What is the innervation of the scalene muscles?
Ventral rami of cervical spinal nerves
What are the actions of the scalene muscles?
Lateral flexion of the neck
Inspiration
What is the action of the omohyoid?
Depresses hyoid bone
What are the contents of the posterior triangle of the neck?
Subclavian artery Superficial cervical artery Supra scapular artery Dorsal scapular artery Occipital artery External jugular vein Subclavian vein Brachial plexus Accessory nerve Branches of cervical plexus Inferior belly of omohyoid
