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Anatomy Block 3 > Orbit and Eye > Flashcards

Orbit and Eye Flashcards

1
Q

what is the entrance to the conjuctiva?

A

palpebral fissure

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2
Q

what are tarsal glands?

A

modified sebaceous glands behind the eyelashes that secrete an oily substance that prevents the overflow of tears

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3
Q

What bones make up then roof of orbit?

A

Frontal bone

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4
Q

What bones make up lateral wall of orbit?

A

Zygomatic bone

Greater wing of sphenoid

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5
Q

What bones make up the floor of the orbit?

A

Orbital plate of the maxilla

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6
Q

What makes up the medial wall of the orbit?

A

Frontal process of maxilla
Lacrimal bone
Orbital plate of ethmoid bone
Body of the sphenoid

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7
Q

What is the fibrous sheet that supports the eyelids?

A

Orbital septum

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8
Q

What does the orbital septum connect to?

A

The periosteum at the orbital margins

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9
Q

WHat do the orbital margins form?

A

Tarsal plates with tarsal glands

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10
Q

What are the two parts of the lacrimal gland?

A

Small palpebral part

Large orbital part

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11
Q

What ganglion is involved in lacrimal gland innervation?

A

Pterygopalantine ganglion

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12
Q

What nerves are involved with lacrimal gland innervation?

A 
Fibers from lacrimal nucleus of c7
Greater petrosal n.
Nerve of pterygoid canal
Deep petrosal n.
Zygomatic n.
Lacrimal n.
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13
Q

What is the route of tears in the eye?

A 
Lacus lacrimalis
Lacrimal canaliculi 
Lacrimal sac
Nasolacrimal duct
Inferior meatus of nose
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14
Q

What sheaths is the optic nerve surrounded by?

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid
Pia

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15
Q

How does a change in cranial pressure affect the eyeball?

A

The cerebrospinal fluid surrounds optic nerve in subarachnoid space so a change presses on the nerve

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16
Q

What foramina does the trigeminal nerve go through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

17
Q

What are the three branches of the ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve?

A

Nasociliary
Frontal
Lacrimal

18
Q

What does the frontal nerve ( division of trigeminal) divide into?

A

Supratrochlear and supraorbital

19
Q

What fissure does the oculomotor come out of?

A

Superior orbital fissure

20
Q

What does the superior branch of the oculomotor nerve supply?

A

Superior rectus

Levator palpebrae superioris muscle

21
Q

What does the inferior branch of the oculomotor supply??

A

Inferior rectus
Middle rectus
Inferior oblique

22
Q

What fissure do both the trochlear and the abducens nerve come out of?

A

Superior orbital fissure

23
Q

What is the function of the branches of the nasociliary nerve?

A

Communicating branch to ciliary ganglion

Ciliary nerves with sympathetic fibers

24
Q

What are the two branches of the nasociliary nerve?

A

Anterior ethmoidal

Infra trochlear

25
Q

What foramen does the anterior ethmoidal nerve pass through?

A

Anterior ethmoidal foramen

26
Q

What is the opthalmic artery a branch of?

A

internal carotid artery

27
Q

what are the branches of the opthalmic artery?

A 
ciliary arteries
central artery of the retina
muscular branches
lacrimal artery
supratrochlear artery
supraorbital artery
28
Q

what are the 2 main opthalmic veins?

A

inferior ophthalmic vein

superior opthalmic vein

29
Q

where do both opthalmic veins drain that can serve as a route of infection?

A

backward into the cavernous sinus

30
Q

what type of ganglion in the ciliary ganglion?

A

parasympathetic

31
Q

what nerve do the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers for the ciliary ganglion come from?

A

oculomotor nerve

32
Q

what nerve do the postganglionic fibers of the ciliary ganglion travel through?

A

short ciliary ganglion

33
Q

which muscle fibers control the dilator pupillae of the eye?

A

postganglionic sympathetic (from ciliary ganglion)

34
Q

what fibers control the sphincter pupillae of the eye?

A

postganglionic parasympathetic (from ciliary ganglion)

35
Q

what needs to happen in the eye for distant vision to occur?

A

ciliary muscle relaxed
fibers under tension
lens is stretched

36
Q

what needs to happen in the eye for near vision to occur?

A

parasympathetics cause ciliary muscle to contract
fibers relax
lens relaxes

37
Q

what are the 6 main optic muscles?

A 
middle rectus
inferior rectus
superior rectus
lateral rectus
superior oblique 
levator palpebrae superioris
38
Q

what are the 2 parts of the lacrimal gland?

A

Large orbital part

Small palpebral part

Anatomy Block 3 (12 decks)

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