Pharynx Flashcards
What are the three parts of the pharynx
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Where does the pharynx extend from and to?
From the base of the skull to the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage
What type of function does the Nasopharynx have?
Entirely respiratory
Where does the Nasopharynx extend
Base of skull to the soft palate
Where is your torus levatorius ?
Below the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube caused by levator velli palatini
Where is the tubal tonsil?
Lymphoid tissue around the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube
Where does the oropharynx extend from
Soft palate to the superior border of the epiglottis
What are the epiglottic valleculae?
Two depressions between the epiglottis and the root of the tongue
What is the pharyngeal lymphoid ring (waldeyer’s ring)
Accumulations of lymphoid tissue
Pharyngeal, tubal, lingual, and palantine tonsils
Where does the laryngopharynx extend from?
Superior border of epiglottis to inferior border of cricoid cartilage
What is under the mucosa of the piriform recess?
Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve
What are the layers of the mucosa from internal to external?
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscular coat
Buccopharyngeal fascia
What separates the pharynx from the vertebral column and muscles
Retropharyngeal space
What are the three longitudinal muscles of the pharynx?
Stylopharyngeal
Palatopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus
What is unique about the superior border of the superior constrictor muscle?
There is a non-muscular area composed mainly of pharyngobasilar fascia
What is special about the cricopharyngeus muscle
It acts as a sphincter at entrance of esophagus to prevent air from entering digestive tract
What structures pass between the base of the skull and the superior constrictor?
Pharyngotympanic auditory tube
Levator veli palatini
Ascending palatine artery
What structures pass between the superior constrictor and the middle constrictor
Stylopharyngeus and glossopharyngeal nerve
What structures pass between the middle constrictors and the inferior constrictors
Internal laryngeal nerve
Superior laryngeal artery (branch of superior thyroid)
Superior laryngeal vein
What structures pass between the inferior to inferior constrictors
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
Inferior laryngeal artery (branch of inferior thyroid)
Inferior laryngeal vein
All muscles except the stylopharyngeus are innervated by what
Vagus
What innervates stylopharyngeus
Glossopharyngeal
What is the main source of sensory innervation to the pharynx mucosa
Glossopharyngeal
What supplies sensory innervation to the upper part of the Nasopharynx and the palatine tonsil?
MAxillary nerve
What supplies sensory innervation to the laryngeal inlet
Vagus nerve
What are the 5 arteries that supply blood to the pharynx?
Ascending pharyngeal artery Branches of facial artery Branches of maxillary artery Dorsal lingual branches of lingual artery Superior thyroid artery
What is the only voluntary stage of swallowing?
Stage 1
