Brain, blood supply, cranial meninges Flashcards
what are the 2 parts of the diencephalon?
thalmus
hypothalmus
what is the telencephalon?
cerebral hemispheres
what rootlets are in the reto-olivary sulcus?
glossopharyngeal and vagus
what rootlets are in the pre-olivary sulcus?
hypoglossal nerve
what feature is in the cerebral midbrain on each side?
cerebral crura
what cranial nerve is in the cerebral midbrain?
oculomotor
the floor of the 4th ventricle in the brain forms what?
rhomboid fossa
the fourth ventricle is formed by what?
the upper part of medulla + pons & cerebellum
what 4 structures are on the posterior surface of the midbrain?
2 superior colliculi
2 inferior colliculi
what is the only CN that is attached to the posterior brainstem?
trochlear nerve
what separates the right and left hemispheres of the brain?
longitudinal fissure
what structure makes the longitudinal fissure incomplete?
corpus callosum
what are the 5 lobes of each hemisphere?
frontal parietal temporal occipital insular
what are the 2 main arteries that supply the brain?
vertebral artery
internal carotid artery
what are the 4 divisions of the internal carotid artery?
cervical
petrous
cavernous
cerebral
what are the branches of the internal thoracic artery that supply the brain?
middle cerebral
anterior cerebral
posterior communicating
opthalmic artery
what is the layer of dura mater that faces the brain?
meningeal
what is the layer of dura mater that lines the inner skull bones?
periosteal/ endosteal
the falx cerebri is between what in the brain?
right and left cerebral hemispheres
the falx cerebelli is between what in the brain?
right and left cerebellar hemispheres
the tentorium cerebelli is between what in the brain?
cerebellum and occipital lobes
the diaphragma sellae forms what in the brain?
roof of sella turcica
where does the blood from the dural venous sinuses drain?
internal jugular vein
what does the superior sinus begin and end in?
begins- foramen cecum
ends- confluence of the sinuses
where does the inferior sagittal sinus end?
joins the great cerebral vein to form the straight sinus
where does the straight sinus terminate
confluence of the sinuses
where is the transverse sinus (what fold)?
along the posterior border of the tentorium cerebelli (starts at confluence of sinuses)
what does the transverse sinus turn into at the temporal bone?
sigmoid sinus
where does the sigmoid sinus terminate?
jugular foramen (in the internal jugular vein)
where is the occipital foramen (what fold)
along the posterior border of the falx cerebelli (ends in confluence of sinuses)
what structures are within the cavernous sinus?
internal carotid artery abducens nerve (CN6)
what structures are within the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus?
CN 4 (trochlear) CN 5, [parts V1 and V2] trigeminal CN 3 (oculomotor)
what drains the cavernous sinus?
the superior and inferior petrosal sinuses
what does the superior petrosal sinus connect?
the cavernous sinus w/ the transverse sinus
what does the inferior petrosal sinus connect?
the cavernous sinus w/ the internal jugular vein
What are the 6 parts of the medulla?
Anterior median fissure Pyramids Olive Pre-Olivary sulcus Retro-Olivary sulcus
What cranial nerve attaches to the anterior surface of the pons?
Trigeminal
The two superior colliculi are part of wha system?
Visual
The two inferior colliculi are part of what system?
Auditory
What separates the parietal/frontal and temporal lobes?
Lateral sulcus
What separates the frontal and parietal lobes?
Central sulcus
What is the lobe of the brain that is deep to the lateral sulcus ?
Insular lobe
Where does the vertebral artery enter the cranial cavity?
Foramen magnum
Where do the vertebral arteries from the basilar artery?
Medullopontine sulcus
What 2 branches does the internal carotid artery terminate into?
Anterior cerebral
Middle cerebral
What are the 4 things on the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus?
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Ophthalmic n. (V1)
Maxillary n. (V2)
What are the two things inside the cavernous sinus?
Internal carotid artery
Abducent nerve
Where does the sphenoparietal sinus drain into?
Cavernous sinus
What is a primary brain parenchymal hemorrhage?
Rupture of small intraparenchymal vessels
What is the hallmark clinical sign of a saccular aneurism?
Sudden excruciating headache
What does a saccular aneurism cause if ruptured?
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
What is an epidural hematoma?
Torn vessel in the dura, often middle Meningeal artery
What is a subdural hematoma?
Tearing of bridging veins often from rapid movement
Where do subdural hematoma so bleed into?
Subdural space
