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Gross Anatomy: Unit Four. > Posterior Leg, Ankle, Plantar Foot > Flashcards

Posterior Leg, Ankle, Plantar Foot Flashcards

0
Q

Gastrocnemius medial and lateral head insertion

A

Posterior surface of calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

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1
Q

Gastrocnemius lateral and medial head origin

A

Lateral: lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur

Medial: popliteal surface of femur

The most superficial muscle

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2
Q

What is the innervation for all posterior leg muscles

A

Tibial nerve

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3
Q

Gastrocnemius medial and lateral heads action

A
  • Planterflexes ankle when knee is extended
  • flexes the knee

-Can’t perform plantar flexion when the knee is fully flexed

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4
Q

Soleus origin

A

This is the “workhorse” muscle

Posterior aspect of the head of fibula
Soleal

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5
Q

Soleus insertion

A

Posterior surface of calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

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6
Q

Soleus action

A

Plantarflexes ankle

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7
Q

Plantaris origin

A

Inferior end of lateral supracondylar line of femur

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8
Q

Plantaris insertion

A

Posterior surface of calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

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9
Q

Plantaris action

A

Weak, no real function.
Weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantar flexing the ankle

The action is so little that the tendon can often be removed for grafting

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10
Q

Popliteus origin

A

Lateral surface of lateral condyle of the femur and lateral meniscus

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11
Q

Popliteus insertion

A

Posterior surface of the tibia above to Soleal line

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12
Q

Popliteus action

A

Unlocks the fully extended knee joint

Weakly flexes knee

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13
Q

Flexor hallucis longus origin

A

Inferior two thirds of posterior surface of fibula

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14
Q

Flexor hallucis longus insertion

A

Base of distal phalanx of great toe

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15
Q

Flexor hallucis longus action

A

Flexes great toe at all joint

16
Q

Flexor digitorum longus origin

A

Medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to Soleal line

17
Q

Flexor digitorum longus insertion

A

Bases of distal phalanges of lateral four digits

18
Q

Flexor digitorum longus action

A

Flexes lateral four digits

Plantarflexes ankle

19
Q

Tibialis anterior origin

A

Interosseous membrane

Posterior surface of fibula

20
Q

Tibialis posterior insertion

A

Primary to tuberosity of navicular

21
Q

Tibialis posterior action

A

Planterflexes ankle

Inverts foot

22
Q

What is the main action of the posterior compartment of the leg

A

Plantar flexes the ankle

23
Q

Posterior compartment of the leg

A

Divided into deep and superficial muscle groups seperated by transverse intermuscular septum

24
Q

Common things for posterior compartment of leg

A

All insert to calcaneal tendon

Innervated by tibial nerve

25
Q

What are the three posterior superficial leg muscles

A

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris

26
Q

Calcaneal tendon

A
  • Achilles’ tendon
  • the common tendon shared by the two head of gastrocnemius and Soleus
  • attachment site for them
27
Q

Triceps surae

A
  • Formed by 2 heads of gastrocnemius and Soleus

- does 93% of plantarflexion

28
Q

What are the deep muscles of the posterior leg

A

Popliteus
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
Tibialis anterior

29
Q

What supplies all the posterior leg muscles

A

Tibial nerve

30
Q

Posterior tibial artery

A
  • during its decent it is accompanied by the tibial nerve and vein
  • deep the the flexor retinaculum branches twice
31
Q

What are the two branches of posterior tibial artery

A
  • happens deep the flexor retinaculum

- medial and lateral plantar arteries

32
Q

Fibular artery

A
  • branches of posterior tibial artery

- gives muscular branches to the Muscles of the posterior and lateral compartment of the leg

33
Q

Sustentaculum tali

A
  • project from superior border of the medial surface of calcaneus
  • helps support the head of talus

Gross Anatomy: Unit Four. (11 decks)

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