Posterior Leg, Ankle, Plantar Foot

Question 0

Gastrocnemius medial and lateral head insertion

Answer 0

Posterior surface of calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

Question 1

Gastrocnemius lateral and medial head origin

Answer 1

Lateral: lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur

Medial: popliteal surface of femur

The most superficial muscle

Question 2

What is the innervation for all posterior leg muscles

Answer 2

Tibial nerve

Question 3

Gastrocnemius medial and lateral heads action

Answer 3

• Planterflexes ankle when knee is extended
• flexes the knee

-Can’t perform plantar flexion when the knee is fully flexed

Question 4

Soleus origin

Answer 4

This is the “workhorse” muscle

Posterior aspect of the head of fibula
Soleal

Question 5

Soleus insertion

Answer 5

Posterior surface of calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

Question 6

Soleus action

Answer 6

Plantarflexes ankle

Question 7

Plantaris origin

Answer 7

Inferior end of lateral supracondylar line of femur

Question 8

Plantaris insertion

Answer 8

Posterior surface of calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

Question 9

Plantaris action

Answer 9

Weak, no real function.
Weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantar flexing the ankle

The action is so little that the tendon can often be removed for grafting

Question 10

Popliteus origin

Answer 10

Lateral surface of lateral condyle of the femur and lateral meniscus

Question 11

Popliteus insertion

Answer 11

Posterior surface of the tibia above to Soleal line

Question 12

Popliteus action

Answer 12

Unlocks the fully extended knee joint

Weakly flexes knee

Question 13

Flexor hallucis longus origin

Answer 13

Inferior two thirds of posterior surface of fibula

Question 14

Flexor hallucis longus insertion

Answer 14

Base of distal phalanx of great toe

Question 15

Flexor hallucis longus action

Answer 15

Flexes great toe at all joint

Question 16

Flexor digitorum longus origin

Answer 16

Medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to Soleal line

Question 17

Flexor digitorum longus insertion

Answer 17

Bases of distal phalanges of lateral four digits

Question 18

Flexor digitorum longus action

Answer 18

Flexes lateral four digits

Plantarflexes ankle

Question 19

Tibialis anterior origin

Answer 19

Interosseous membrane

Posterior surface of fibula

Question 20

Tibialis posterior insertion

Answer 20

Primary to tuberosity of navicular

Question 21

Tibialis posterior action

Answer 21

Planterflexes ankle

Inverts foot

Question 22

What is the main action of the posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 22

Plantar flexes the ankle

Question 23

Posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 23

Divided into deep and superficial muscle groups seperated by transverse intermuscular septum

Question 24

Common things for posterior compartment of leg

Answer 24

All insert to calcaneal tendon | Innervated by tibial nerve

Question 25

What are the three posterior superficial leg muscles

Answer 25

Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris

Question 26

Calcaneal tendon

Answer 26

- Achilles' tendon - the common tendon shared by the two head of gastrocnemius and Soleus - attachment site for them

Question 27

Triceps surae

Answer 27

- Formed by 2 heads of gastrocnemius and Soleus | - does 93% of plantarflexion

Question 28

What are the deep muscles of the posterior leg

Answer 28

Popliteus Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Tibialis anterior

Question 29

What supplies all the posterior leg muscles

Answer 29

Tibial nerve

Question 30

Posterior tibial artery

Answer 30

- during its decent it is accompanied by the tibial nerve and vein - deep the the flexor retinaculum branches twice

Question 31

What are the two branches of posterior tibial artery

Answer 31

- happens deep the flexor retinaculum | - medial and lateral plantar arteries

Question 32

Fibular artery

Answer 32

- branches of posterior tibial artery | - gives muscular branches to the Muscles of the posterior and lateral compartment of the leg

Question 33

Sustentaculum tali

Answer 33

- project from superior border of the medial surface of calcaneus - helps support the head of talus