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Gross Anatomy: Unit Four. > Gluteal Region And Hip > Flashcards

Gluteal Region And Hip Flashcards

0
Q

Gluteus Maximus origin

A
  • Sacrotuberous ligament
  • dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx
  • ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line
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1
Q

Gluteus Maximus insertion

A

Iliotibial band and gluteal tuberosity

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2
Q

Gluteus Maximus innervation and action

A
  • inferior gluteal nerve
  • extends hip joint between flexed and standing position
  • assists with lateral rotation
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3
Q

Gluteus medius insertion

A

Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

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4
Q

Gluteus medius origin

A

External surface of the ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

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5
Q

Gluteus medius innervation and action

A

-superior gluteal nerve

  • abduct hip joint
  • keep pelvis level when opposite limb is elevated
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6
Q

Gluteus minimus insertion

A

Anterior surface of greater trochanter of the femur

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7
Q

Gluteus minimus origin

A

External surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines

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8
Q

Gluteus minimus innervation and action

A

-superior gluteal nerve

  • abduct hip joint
  • keep pelvis level when opposite limb is elevated
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9
Q

Tensor fasciae latae origin

A

Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

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10
Q

Tensor fasciae latae insertion

A

Iliotibial tract

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11
Q

Tensor fasciae latae innervation and action

A

-superior gluteal nerve

  • abduct hip joint
  • keep pelvis level when opposite limb is elevated
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12
Q

Piriformis origin

A

Superior greater sciatic notch

Sacrotuberous ligament

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13
Q

Piriformis insertion

A

Superior border of greater trochanter of femur

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14
Q

Pisiformis innervation and action

A
  • anterior rami of s1 and s2
  • laterally rotate extended hip joint
  • abduct flexed hip joint
  • stabilizes hip joint
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15
Q

Obturator internus origin

A
  • Pelvic surface of ilium and ischium

- Obturator membrane

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16
Q

Obturator internus insertion

A

Medial surface if the greater trochanter of femur

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17
Q

Obturator internus innervation and action

A

-nerve to obturator internus

  • laterally rotate extended hip joint
  • abduct flexed hip joint
  • stabilizes hip joint
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18
Q

Superior and inferior gemelli innervation and action

A

Superior: nerve to obturator internus
Inferior: nerve to Quadratus femoris

  • laterally rotate extended hip joint
  • abduct flexed hip joint
  • stabilizes hip joint
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19
Q

Superior and inferior gemelli insertion

A

Both: medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur

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20
Q

Superior and inferior gemelli origin

A

Superior: Ischial spine

Inferior : Ischial tuberosity

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21
Q

Quadratus femoris origin

A

Lateral border of Ischial tuberosity

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22
Q

Quadratus femoris insertion

A

Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur (posterior side)

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23
Q

Quadratus femoris innervation and action

A
  • nerve to Quadratus femoris
  • laterally rotates hip
  • pulls femoral head into acetabulum to help stabilize hip joint
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24
Q

Psoas major insertion

A

Lesser trochanter of the femur

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25
Q

Psoas major origin

A

Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

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27
Q

Psoas major innervation and action

A

anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1. L2 L3)

Flexes thigh, flexes vertebral column

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27
Q

Iliacus insertion

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

28
Q

Iliacus origin

A

iliac crest
iliac fossa
Anterior sacroiliac ligament

30
Q

Iliacus innervation and action

A

Femoral nerve

Flexes thigh and stabilizes hip

31
Q

intertrochanteric crest and line

A

Crest: between the two trochanter on the posterior side
Line: between the two trochanter on the anterior side

32
Q

what are the part of the acetabulum

A

-lunate suface: articular portion
acetabular notch
acetabular fossa: non-articular portion

33
Q

angle of inclination

A
  • average is 126 degrees

- allows great mobility because the neck of femur is perpendicular to the acetabulum

34
Q

what happens to the angle of inclination with age?

35
Q

Torsion Angle in males

36
Q

torsion angle in females

A

12 degrees

37
Q

what is the torsion angle

A

the angle of inclination with the line between the two condyles

38
Q

what bounds the gluteal region

A

iliac crest
greater trochanter
anterior superior iliac spine
gluteal fold (under butt)

39
Q

parts of the bony pelvis

A

hip bones
sacrum
coccyx
(all bounded by gluteal ligaments)

40
Q

what converts the sciatic notches into foramina?

A

Sacrotuberous and Sacrospinous ligament

41
Q

Greater sciatic foramen contains

A

contains structures entering and leaving the pelvis

42
Q

lesser sciatic foramen contains

A

contains structures entering and leaving the perineum

43
Q

inguinal ligament

A

runs from anterior superior iliac spine to the public tubercules

44
Q

Superior, Middle and inferior Clunial Nerve

A

-supply the skin of the gluteal region

45
Q

Sciatic Nerve

A
  • largest nerve

- made up of two nerve that are bound together by fasica (Tibal Nerve and Common Fibular Nerve)

46
Q

Deep artery of the thigh

A
  • Profunda Femoria Artery
  • branch of the femoral
  • cheif artery of the thigh
47
Q

Hip joint type

A

ball and socket synovial

48
Q

Hip joint articulations

A

-acetabulum with femoral head

49
Q

acetabular labrum

A

increasing the depth of the acetabulum

50
Q

transverse acetabular ligament

A

bridges the acetabular notch

51
Q

iliofemoral ligament

A
  • anteriorly to the hip joint

- prevents hyperextension

52
Q

ischiofemoral ligament

A
  • posteriorly to the hip joint

- weak ligament

53
Q

pubofemoral ligament

A

-runs from the obturator crest and then blends with the joint capsule
-tight during extension and abduction of hip
resists excessive abduction of hip joint

54
Q

what helps to stabilize the hip joint

A

Muscles (Medial and Lateral Rotators) and Ligaments

55
Q

Ligament of the head of femur

A
  • fovea
  • usually contains acetabular artery, a branch of obturator artery
  • weak at strengthening joint
56
Q

branches of the sacral plexus

A
  • superior gluteal
  • inferior gluteal
  • sciatic
  • posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
  • nerve to quadratus femoral

-nerve to obturator internus
- pudendal

57
Q

blood supply to the hip joint

A
  • medial and lateral cimcumflex femoral artery (branch of deep artery of the thigh)
  • at the head of femor is acetabular artery (branch of obturator artery)
58
Q

nerve supply to the hip

A
  • anterior: femoral nerve
  • inferior: obturator nerve
  • superior: superior gluteal nerve
  • posterior: nerve to quadratus femorus
59
Q

Gluteal Bursae

A
  • separate the gluteus maximus from adjacent structures

- three types: trochanteric, ischial, gluteofemoral bursae

60
Q

Fascia lata

A
  • covers the muscle tensor fasciae latae on both sides

- deep fascia of the thigh

61
Q

What two muscles make up the iliotibial tract (band)

A
  • Gluteus Maximus
  • Tensor Fasciae latae

(this is due to their attachment to the tract)

62
Q

branches of internal iliac artery

A
  • iliolumbar
  • lateral sacral
  • superior gluteal
  • inferior gluteal
  • internal puodendal
  • visceral branches
  • umbilicus
  • obturator
63
Q

what does the iliotibial tract (band) run

A

-iliac tubercule to the anterolateral tibial tubercule on the lateral condyle of the tibia

64
Q

What is iliopsoas muscle?

A
  • merging of psoas major and iliacus

- chief flexor of the hip

65
Q

What is the action of iliopsoas

A

-acting together: flexes and stablizes hip

66
Q

Trochanteric bursa

A

Separates the deep aspect of the gluteus Maximus from the greater trochanter of the femur

67
Q

Ischial bursa

A

Separates inferior border of gluteus Maximus from Ischial tuberosity

68
Q

Gluteofemoral bursa

A

Separates the iliotibial tract from the superior part of insertion of vastus lateralis

Gross Anatomy: Unit Four. (11 decks)

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