Foot

Question 0

What muscles in the second layer of foot

Answer 0

Quadratus plantae

Lumbricals

Question 1

What muscles are in the first layer of the foot

Answer 1

Abductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum brevis
Abductor digiti minimi

Question 2

What muscles are in the third layer of the foot

Answer 2

Flexor hallucis brevis
Adductor hallucis
Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Question 3

What is in the fourth layer of the muscles of the foot

Answer 3

Plantar interossei

Dorsal interossei

Question 4

Abductor hallucis origin

Answer 4

• Flexor retinaculum
• Plantar aponerosis
• Medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus

Question 5

Abductor hallucis insertion

Answer 5

Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of first digit

Question 6

Abductor hallucis innervation and action

Answer 6

• Medial plantar nerve

- abducts and flexes great toe

Question 7

Flexor digitorum brevis origin

Answer 7

• Medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus

- plantar aponerosis

Question 8

Flexor digitorum brevis insertion

Answer 8

Both side of middle phalanges of lateral four digits

Question 9

Flexor digitorum brevis innervation and action

Answer 9

• medial plantar nerve

- flexes lateral four digits

Question 10

Abductor digiti minimi origin

Answer 10

• planter aponerosis

- medial and lateral tubercles of tuberosity of calcaneus

Question 11

Abductor digiti minimi insertion

Answer 11

Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of fifth digit

Question 12

Abductor digiti minimi innervation and action

Answer 12

• lateral plantar nerve

- abducts and flexes 5th digit

Question 13

Quadratus plantae origin

Answer 13

Medial surface and lateral margin of plantar surface of calcaneus

Question 14

Quadratus plantae insertion

Answer 14

Posterolateral margin of tendons of flexor digitorum longus

Question 15

Quadratus plantae innervation and action

Answer 15

• lateral plantar nerve

- assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral four digits

Question 16

Lumbricals origin

Answer 16

Tendons of flexor digitorum longus

Question 17

Lumbricals insertion

Answer 17

Medial ascept of expansion over lateral four digits

Question 18

Lumbricals innervation

Answer 18

Medial one: medial plantar nerve

Lateral three: lateral plantar nerve

Question 19

Lumbricals action

Answer 19

• Flex proximal phalanges

- Extend middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits

Question 20

Flexor hallucis brevis origin

Answer 20

Plantar surface of cuboid and lateral cuneiform

Question 21

Flexor hallucis brevis insertion

Answer 21

Both sides of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit

Question 22

Flexor hallucis brevis innervation and action

Answer 22

• medial plantar nerve

- flexes proximal phalanx of 1st digit

Question 23

Adductor hallucis origin

Answer 23

Oblique head: bases of metatarsals 2-4

Transverse head: plantar ligaments of 3-5 metatarsophalangeal joint

Question 24

Adductor hallucis insertion

Answer 24

Tendons of both heads attach to lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit

Question 25

Adductor hallucis innervation and action

Answer 25

-deep branch of lateral plantar nerve - adducts 1st digit - assists in maintaining transverse arch of foot

Question 26

Flexor digiti minimi brevis origin

Answer 26

Base of 5th metatarsal

Question 27

Flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion

Answer 27

Base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Question 28

Flexor digiti minimi brevis innervation and action

Answer 28

- superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve | - flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Question 29

Plantar interossei origin

Answer 29

Bases and medial sides of metatarsals 3-5

Question 30

Plantar interossei insertion

Answer 30

Medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of 3-5 digits

Question 31

Innervation for both plantar and dorsal interossei

Answer 31

Lateral planter nerve

Question 32

Planter interossei action

Answer 32

Adducts digits 3-5 | Flex metatarsophalangeal joint

Question 33

Dorsal interossei origin

Answer 33

Adjacent side of metatarsals 1-5

Question 34

Dorsal interossei insertion

Answer 34

First: medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd digit Second to fourth: lateral sides of 2-4 digits

Question 35

Dorsal interossei action

Answer 35

Abducts digits 2-4 | Flex metatarsophalangeal joint

Question 36

Calcaneus bone

Answer 36

- heel bone - transfers weight from talus to the ground - articulates with the talus and cuboid

Question 37

Names of the tarsal bones

Answer 37

``` Calcaneus Talus Navicular Cuboid Medial, intermediate, lateral cuneiform ```

Question 38

Definition for the foot

Answer 38

Platform for supporting the weight of the body when standing and has important role in locomotion

Question 39

Three functional and anatomical parts of the foot (bones)

Answer 39

Hind foot: talus and calcaneus Mid foot: navicular, cuboid and cuneiform Forefoot: metatarsals and phalanges

Question 40

Regions of the foot

Answer 40

Plantar Dorsal Heel Ball of the foot

Question 41

Plantar fascia

Answer 41

- in the foot | - plantar aponerosis: thick central part of the fascia

Question 42

What forms the three compartment on the sole of the foot

Answer 42

Vertical intermuscular septum extend in from the margins of the plantar aponerosis towards the 1st and 5th metatarsal forming the three compartments of the sole

Question 43

Medial compartment of the sole

Answer 43

-Covered by medial plantar fascia -contains: Abducotr hallucis Flexor hallucis brevis Tendon of hallucis longus Medial plantar nerve, artery and vein

Question 44

Tarsal tunnel

Answer 44

-located by the medial malleolus -floor: talus and calcaneus From malleolus to calcaneus tendon there is: Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus Posterior tibial artery Posterior tibial vein Tibial nerve Flexor hallucis longus

Question 45

Saying to remember the tarsal tunnel

Answer 45

Tom dick a very nervous Harry

Question 46

Central compartment of the sole

Answer 46

``` Covered by the plantar aponerosis Contains: Flexor digitorum brevis and longus Quadratus plantae Lumbricals Adductor hallucis Lateral plantar nerve, artery and vein ```

Question 47

Lateral compartment of the sole

Answer 47

Covered by lateral plantar fascia Contains: Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Question 48

The the forefoot only there in a four compartment of the foot: interosseous

Answer 48

Contains: Metatarsals Dorsal and plantar interossei Deep plantar and metatarsal veins and arteries

Question 49

Gait cycle

Answer 49

One cycle of swing and stance of one limb

Question 50

Stance phase

Answer 50

- 60% | - begins with heel strike and ends with a push off

Question 51

Swing phase

Answer 51

- 40% | - begins after push off and ends at the heel striking the ground