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Q1 > posterior abdomen exam 3 anatomy > Flashcards

posterior abdomen exam 3 anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what surrounds the kidneys?

A
  • paranephric fat
  • renal fascia
  • perinephric fat
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2
Q

what vertebral levels are the kidneys at?

A

T12-L3

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3
Q

what makes up the renal hilum?

A

renal vein
renal artery
renal pelvis

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4
Q

what is the pathway if urine towards the ureter?

A
  1. renal papillae
  2. minor calices
  3. major calices
  4. renal pelvis
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5
Q

anomalous kidneys

A

pelvic and horseshoe kidney

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6
Q

lymphatics of the kidney/adrenal glands

A

lumbar lymph nodes

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7
Q

PS innervation of the kidney

A
  • pregang cb=brainstem
  • pregang fibers=vagus
  • post gang cb and fibers=wall of kidney
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8
Q

sympathetic kidney innervation

A
  • pregang cb=lateral horn
  • pregang fibers= ventral root> spinal nerve> ventral ramus>white ramus communicans>symp trunk> thoracic splanc nerve
  • postgang cb and fibers=renal ganglion
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9
Q

sympathetic adrenal innervation

A
  • pregang cb=lateral horn
  • pregang fibers=ventral root > spinal nerve> ventral ramus > white ramus communicans > symp trunk > thoracic splanc nerve
  • no synapse until signal gets to adrenal gland itself

thoracic splanc nerve

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10
Q

what does the abdominal aorta bifurcate into?

A

the common iliac arteries

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11
Q

paired arterial branches of posterior abdominal wall

A
  • middle suprarenal arteries
  • renal arteries
  • inferior suprarenal arteries
  • gonadal
  • infeiror phrenic
    ~diaphragm
    ~superior suprarenal arteries
  • subcostal
  • lumbar
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12
Q

blood supply of the adrenal glands

A
  1. superior suprarenal arteries (via inf phrenic artery)
  2. middle suprarenal arteries (via aorta)
  3. inferior suprarenal arteries (via renal artery)
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13
Q

abdominal aortic aneurysm

A
  • An enlargement of the aorta, the main blood vessel that delivers blood to the body, at the level of the abdomen.
  • 99% chance of death
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14
Q

the venous tributaries are parallel to aortic branches except…

A

left gonadal vein and hepatic vein

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15
Q

what do the hepatic veins do?

A

drain back clean blood to the vena cava

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16
Q

origin action and insertion of psoas minor

A
  • origin=lateral T12 and L1 vertebral bodies and IV discs
  • insertion=pectineal line of pelvic brim and iliopubic eminence
  • action=weak flexion of the lumbar vertebral column
17
Q

origin action and insertion of psoas major

A
  • origin=lateral surface T12 & L1-5 vertebral bodies and IV discs; also transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
  • action =flexion of thigh at hip joint
  • insertion=lesser trochanter of femur
18
Q

origina action and insertion of iliacus

A
  • origin=upper 2/3 iliac fossa, anterior sacroiliac and iliolumbar ligament, upper lateral surface of sacrum
  • action=flexion of thigh at hip joint
  • insertion=lesser trochanter of femur
19
Q

origin action insertion quadratus lumborum

A
  • origin=medial half of posterior iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament
  • action=depress and stabilize 12th rib during respiration and lateral flexion of vertebral column
  • insertion=transverse processes of L1-L4 vertebrae and medial half of 12th rib
20
Q

what forms the lumbar plexus?

A

ventral rami of the upper four lumbar nerves

*first lumbar nerve receives contribution from subcostal nerve
*4th lumbar nerve gives contribution to the lumbosacral trunk

21
Q

nerves of the lumbar plexus (L1-L4) and the subcostal

A
  • subcostal
  • iliohypogastric
  • ilioguinal
  • genitofemoral
  • lateral cutaneous n thigh
  • femoral nerve
  • obturator nerve
22
Q

subcostal nerve

A
  • t 12
  • sensory and sympathetic innervation to t12 dermatome
  • motor innervation to IO/EO, and transversus abdominis
23
Q

iliohypogastric nerve

A
  • L1
  • sensory and symp to L1 dermatome
  • motor to IO and transversus abdominis
24
Q

ilioguinal nerve

A
  • L1
  • L1 ventral rami
  • sensory to inferior medial inguinal ligament, genatalia
  • motor to IO and transversus abdomini
25
Q

genitofemoral nerve

A
  • L1 and L2 ventral rami
  • sensory to skin of scrotum, mons pubis, and labia majora
  • motor innervation to cremaster muscle
26
Q

lateral cutaneous n. thigh

A
  • L2 and L3 ventral rami
  • sensory to anterior,lateral, and slight posterior aspect of thigh
27
Q

femoral nerve

A
  • L2, L3, L4 ventral rami
  • sensory to anterior medial skin of thigh and elg
  • motor to sartorius, pectineus, and quadriceps muscles
28
Q

obturator nerve

A
  • L2, L3, L4 ventral rami
  • sensory to medial thigh
  • motor to gracilism adductor longus, adductor brevis, pectineus, adductor magnus, obturator externus
29
Q

attachments of the diaphragm

A
  • xiphoid process
  • costal margin
  • ribs 11-12
  • lumbar vertebrae
  • right/left crura
30
Q

openings of the diaphragm

A
  • caval IVC opening T8
  • esophageal hiatus T10
  • aortic hiatus T12

Q1 (15 decks)

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