Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Flashcards
If intrusion symptoms, avoidance of reminders of a traumatic event, negative alterations in cognition and mood, and marked alterations in arousal and reactivity persist for less than 1 month, the condition is known as ______________.
Acute stress disorder
If intrusion symptoms, avoidance of reminders of a traumatic event, negative alterations in cognition and mood, and marked alterations in arousal and reactivity persist for more than 1 month, the condition is known as ______________.
Posttraumatic stress disorder
____________ results from exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence.
Trauma
____________ is the inability of an individual to prevent memories of a traumatic event from returning and becoming integrated into their daily life. This may manifest in distressing memories, recurrent stressful dreams, flashbacks, etc.
Intrusion
____________ is persistent evading and bypassing of stimuli associated with a traumatic event. This may manifest in avoiding people, places, conversations, activities, or subjects that have to do with said event.
Avoidance
___________ is the marked increase in arousal and reactivity associated with a traumatic event. This may be manifested in the form of reckless behavior, exaggerated startle response, sleep disturbances, hypervigilance, etc.
Hyperreactivity
_______________ and ____________ are common comorbidities associated with PTSD.
Depression and alcoholism
______________ occurs when a conditioned stimulus occurs repeatedly without its associated unconditioned stimulus, leading to loss of the conditioned response.
Extinction
__________ therapy works to bring about extinction of conditioned responses.
Exposure
PTSD is often associated with dysfunction of the _______________ cortex and ______________ of the limbic system.
- Medial prefrontal cortex
- Amygdala
The ____________ is the instinctual fear center of the brain. It is responsible for the acquisition and expression of fear conditioning.
Amygdala
Studies show (increased/decreased) amygdala activity in PTSD.
Increased
The ________________ provides the top-down, prefrontal control over the amygdala.
Medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)
A (hyperactive/hypoactive) mPFC leads to higher autonomic arousal and exaggerated responses due to loss of inhibition of the amygdala.
Hypoactive
The amygdala projects to the __________ and __________ in order to elicit autonomic and behavioral reactions to fear.
Locus ceruleus and hypothalamus
