post partum Flashcards
Para
“Para” refers to the number of pregnancies that have reached the stage of viability (20 weeks of gestation or more), regardless of the outcome.
pertains to delivers
Parity is the number of births (hence completed pregnancies) that occurred at 20 weeks gestation or greater.
Gravid:
refers to the total number of times a woman has been pregnant,
regardless of the pregnancy outcome.
primigravida
preggy for the first time
multigravida
preggy more than once
nulligravida ( N)
never been preggy
void
void
nullipara
one who has never borne a viable child (over 20 weeks-para 0)
primpara
a woman who has had one delivery of a viable infant or infant (para 1)
multipara
a woman has had two or more deliveries of viable infant ( para II, III)
multipara
a woman who has had two or more deliveries of viable infants ( para II, III)
puerperium
the six-week post-partial period. It ends when body returns to pre-pregnant state
three phases of puerperium
immediate = first 24 hrs
early = 2nd to the 7th
late = 7th day through 6th week
Involution
healing of the birth canal and the return of the uterus and all systems to the “almost” pre-pregnant state.
rate of involution
faster in primip than multip rt muscle tone.
faster in a breastfeeding mom than nonbreastfeeding rt oxytocin.
gestation
period of fetal development from conception to birth (period of pregnancy)
trimester
refer to a period of three months. pregnancy is divided into first, second third semester
Full term
beginning of 38th week to end of 42nd week
pre term
20th to the 37th week
abortion
cessation of pregnancy before 20 weeks
stillborn
Delivery of an infant of viable age (over 20 weeks) who was not alive when delivered
ectopic pregnancy
development of the embryo outside the uterine cavity. not viable. removal surgically approx 6-8 weeks of pregnancy
Ergotrane for postpartum use-
Therapeutic Effect:
Administration:
Side Effects:
Nursing Interventions:
Therapeutic Effect:
Ergonovine is used to prevent or manage postpartum hemorrhage by promoting uterine contractions.
It acts directly on uterine smooth muscle, causing sustained contractions.
Administration:
Ergonovine is typically administered either orally or intramuscularly after delivery to enhance uterine contraction.
Side Effects:
Common side effects may include nausea, vomiting, headache, and increased blood pressure.
It can cause coronary vasospasm, so caution is needed in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Nursing Interventions:
Monitor blood pressure closely during administration, especially in patients with hypertension.
Assess for adverse reactions such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or signs of coronary vasospasm.
Educate the patient about the purpose of the medication and potential side effects.
Colace for postpartum use-
Therapeutic Effect:
Side Effects:
Nursing Interventions:
Therapeutic Effect:
Colace is used to prevent or treat constipation in the postpartum period. It works by increasing the water content of the stool, making it softer and easier to pass. Docusate (Colace) is a stool softener that acts as a surfactant. It reduces the surface tension of the stool, allowing water to penetrate and soften the stool.
Side Effects:
Common side effects include mild stomach cramps.
Serious side effects are rare, but if allergic reactions (such as rash, itching, swelling, or severe dizziness) occur, medical attention should be sought.
Nursing Interventions:
Encourage Hydration: Advise the patient to maintain adequate hydration by drinking plenty of water throughout the day.
Dietary Fiber: Encourage a diet rich in fiber, including fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, to further support bowel regularity.
Monitor Bowel Movements: Monitor the patient’s bowel movements and assess for improvements in stool consistency.
Educate the Patient: Provide education on the importance of regular bowel movements and the proper use of Colace.
Tucks pads
Tucks pads are commonly used after vaginal deliveries to provide relief from perineal discomfort, including swelling, soreness, and irritation.
Dermoplast
is an over-the-counter topical anesthetic spray commonly used for pain relief and soothing relief from minor skin irritations.
It is often used for postpartum care to alleviate discomfort associated with episiotomies or perineal tears after childbirth.
The rubella vaccine
is generally not administered immediately postpartum. Rubella vaccination is part of the routine childhood immunization schedule. The vaccine is typically given as part of the combination vaccine known as the MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella.
Primapara vs Multipara
Primapara (First-time mothers, primipara):
Uterine Tone: The uterine muscles of a primiparous woman are often less toned and less elastic compared to those of a multiparous woman. This may result in a slightly longer involution process.
Stretching: The uterine muscles experience significant stretching during the first pregnancy. The stretching and increased uterine size may impact the rate at which the uterus contracts and returns to its non-pregnant size.
Postpartum Contractions: Primiparous women may experience more pronounced postpartum contractions as the uterus works to involute. These contractions help expel blood and tissue from the uterus.
Involution Duration: The overall duration of involution may be slightly longer in primiparous women due to factors like initial uterine tone and muscle elasticity.
Multipara (Women who have given birth more than once, multipara):
Uterine Tone: Multiparous women often have better uterine tone and more elastic muscles due to the effects of previous pregnancies. This may contribute to a faster and more efficient involution process.
Previous Stretching: The uterus has already undergone stretching and changes in previous pregnancies. This can make the uterine muscles more responsive to contractions and involution in subsequent pregnancies.
Postpartum Contractions: While multiparous women also experience postpartum contractions, these contractions may be less intense compared to those in primiparous women. The uterine muscles may contract more efficiently.
Involution Duration: Multiparous women may experience a relatively quicker involution process compared to primiparous women, but the exact duration can vary among individuals.
Hemabate
medication/
helps with abortion too…..
including the prevention or treatment of postpartum hemorrhage (excessive bleeding after childbirth).
AMENorrhea
the absence of menstruation
*‘L/Live births’
is the number of offspring that are currently living
nulli
primi
multi
none
first
multiple
