Post Midterm 2 Flashcards
What are the 4 ways Phlegm can be created?
1) Sp Qi/Yang Def
2) Patho Heat/Cold
3) Kd Def
4) Lv Qi Stag
What kind of symptoms do “Herbs that Cool and Transform Phlegm Heat” treat?
cough
scrofula, goiter
convulsions, mania (kuang - phlegm misting the mind or blocking Ht)
Herbs that Cool and Transform Phlegm Heat focuses on phlegm in which part of the body?
Respiratory & Digestive Tract
Lu & ST/SP
What is the difference btwn substantial and insubstantial phlegm?
Substantial phlegm: visible production of substances like mucus, sputum…
Insubstantial phlegm: non-visible
What is the difference btwn dampness an phlegm?
Dampness can congeal and concretize into Phlegm.
Qian Hu - Latin name:
Peucedani Radix
Category
Qian Hu
Herbs that cool and transform phlegm heat
QIAN HU
Channel Entered
Lu
Properties
Qian Hu
Bitter, acrid, slightly cold
QIAN HU
dosage:
3-9g
Contraindications.
Qian Hu
As a bitter, draining and dispersing herb, it should not be used for cough due to fire from yin deficiency, or cough and wheezing associated with cold, thin mucus.
Functions.
Qian Hu
Directs qi downward
Assists dissemination of Lu qi - expelling external pathogens
Directs fire downward - dissolving phlegm
In what direction does Qian Hu move?
Qi and Fire downward
What happens when you mix phlegm and heat together?
Viscious cycle where phlegm traps heat and the heat further dries the phlegm making it thicker and harder to treat.
Can Qian Hu treat wind heat?
Yes. For the exterior patterns of externally contracted wind-heat with H/A and cough. Most suitable when wind-heat constrains the Lu
Category
Zhi Ban Xia
Warm herbs that transforms cold phlegm.
ZHI BAN XIA
Channels Entered:
Lu
St/Sp
Properties
Zhi Ban Xia.
Acrid, Warm, TOXIC
ZHI BAN XIA
Dosage:
3-9g
Contraindications.
Zhi Ban Xia
As a warm and drying herb, it should be used with caution, if at all, in patients with dry cough from yin deficiency, sore throat from fire excess, or bleeding.
Functions.
Zhi Ban Xia
Acrid for opening.
Slippery for directing rebellious qi downward.
Bitter for drying.
Best used for thin phlegm or dampness as well as rebellious ST qi.
Why is Zhi Ban Xia only used in prepared form when used internally? How is it prepared?
Because of its toxicity, the herb is prepared with ginger juice to reduce its toxicity first.
Can you use Zhi Ban Xia when the patient has heat signs?
No
What is rebellious ST Qi?
What are some manifestations or signs?
How can Zhi Ban Xia help?
ST not descending the Qi
Regurgitation, belching, hiccups, vomiting.
Zhi Ban Xia dries dampness and transforms phlegm and causes rebellious qi to descend.
Can Zhi Ban Xia be used for rebellious ST qi caused by Cold in the middle jiao?
Yes
ZHI BAN XIA
Can this herb be used for rebellious ST qi causeed by ST Fire?
No. Zhi Ban Xia is Warm & Drying.
What is goiter and scrofula? Can Zhi Ban Xia treat nodules anywhere in the body?
A goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland; scrofula is a tuberculous infection of the lymph nodes in the neck.
Yes. Zhi Ban Xia has ability to dissipate nodules and reduces clumps. For nodules, pressure, distention or pain due to phlegm lingering in the chest, phlegm nodules in the neck (such as goiter & scrofula), or obstruction caused by phlegm anywhere in the body.
What is the action of Er Chen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction)?
Dries dampness,
Transforms phlegm,
Regulates qi,
Harmonizes middle burner
What’s in Er Chen Tang?
Ban Xia– Warm Transform Phlegm Cold– dries damp
Ju Hong– Regulate Qi– more harmonizing, regulating Qi
Fu Ling– Drain Damp
Zhi Gan Cao– Tonify Qi
What is the chief herb in Er Chen Tang?
Ban Xia– dries dampness
Which herb drains dampness in Er Chen Tang?
Fu Ling– assistant
Do herbs that relieve cough and wheezing treat the root or branch?
They only treat branch symptoms/manifestations, therefore need to be used with other herbs that can treat underlying/root pathology.
What are the etiologies of cough and wheezing?
EPF and IPF– either excess or deficiency
Latin of Xing Ren
Armeniacae Semen
XING REN
Category.
Herbs that Relieve Cough and Wheezing.
XING REN
Channels Entered:
LU/LI - metal channels
Properties
Xing Ren
Bitter, slightly warm, slightly toxic.
XING REN
Dosage
3-9g
Key characteristics.
Xing Ren
Directs LU qi downward.
Disperses Wind-cold.
Moistens intestines.
Slightly toxic.
Contraindications.
Xing Ren
Because this is a bitter, warming and draining herb, it should NOT be used for coughs due to yin deficiency or general debility.
It should be used cautiously, if at all, in infants and those with diarrhea.
Because of its toxicity, over-dosage must be avoided.
Why is Xing Ren toxic?
Its cyanogenic glycoside content makes the herb toxic.
less than 10-20 for children; 40-60 for adults; 50-120 cause death.
Xing Ren is with Ma Huang in what formula?
Ma Huang Tang
How do Xing Ren and Ma Huang work together when used as a pair?
Both directs Lu Qi downward to calm cough & wheezing.
How do herbs that relieve food stagnation treat food stagnation?
The actions of this group reduce, dissolve or digest food stagnation and guide out accumulation through the digestive tract
(Harmonize MJ, promote Digestion & Elimination)
General taste, temp, and channels entered for “herbs that relieve food stagnation”
sweet, neutral or warm
SP and ST channels.
What jiao(burner) do herbs that relieve food stagnation primarily treat?
Middle Jiao
What are the general symptoms of food stagnation?
Fullness and distention in the ST and abdomen, belching, acid regurgitation, nausea and vomiting, irregular bowel movment.
What is Food accumulation?
A disorder characterized by an abdominal mass, distention and/or pain. It is often caused by an emotional disturbance which results in stagnant qi or blood, but can also arise from improper dietary habits, phlegm, or hot and cold disorders.
FOOD STAGNATION
What are signs of Hot types?
Severe bad breath.
A feeling of distention in the abdomen.
A preference for cold food and beverages and an aversion to hot ones.
TONGUE: coating - yellow greasy
PULSE: forceful and slippery
FOOD STAGNATION
What are signs of cold types? Can the Cold type be excess or deficiency?
SP/ST deficiency. Ingesting too much cold food.
A brackish feeling in the throat.
Nausea and spitting up clear fluids.
A feeling of distention in the abdomen.
Preference for hot food and beverages and an aversion for cold ones.
TONGUE: coating is white and greasy
PULSE: thin and weak
Latin
Shan Zha
Crataegi Fructus
Category
Shan Zha
Herbs that relieve food stagnation.
SHAN ZHA
Channels Entered
Lv, Sp/St
Properties
Shan Zha
Sour, sweet, slightly warm.
SHAN ZHA
Dosage
9-12g
Contraindications.
Shan Zha
Use with caution in those with weakness or deficiency of the SP and ST.
Large doses are ABSOLUTELY CONTRAINDICATED during pregnancy, as this can lead to fetal death.
Functions and indications.
Shan Zha
Reduces food stagnation, especially from meat and greasy foods.
Invigorates the blood flow.
Alleviates diarrhea and dysentery.
what type of food stagnation is Shan Zha best to treat?
meat and greasy food
can Shan Zha invigorate the blood?
yes. it transforms blood stasis and dissipates clumps.
what are bulging disorders?
often inguinal hernia
to stop diarrhea, what is the preparation for Shan Zha?
the partially charred herb (chao shan zha) is used for the diarrhea of chronic dysentery-like disorders.
what are ingredients in er chen tang?
chief- ban xia warm transform phlegm cold
deputy- ju hong regulates qi
assistant- fu ling drain damp
envoy- zhi gan cao tonify qi
what does Er Chen Tang do?
drains dampness
transforms phlegm
regulates the qi
harmonizes middle jiao
