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Portugal Flashcards

1
Q

What is mutage?

A

Arresting the fermentation of wine with brandy while sugar is still present.

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2
Q

What is a feitoria vineyard? A rama vineyard?

A

Between 1758 and 1761, the 335 best vineyards were classified as feitoria and marked with stones, signifying fruit reserved for the English market. Lesser vineyards (rama) provided domestic wines.

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3
Q

What is aguardente?

A

Portuguese brandy

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4
Q

What is the IVDP?

A

Douro Port Wine Institute

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5
Q

What are Vinhos ao Roda? Vinhos Canteiro?

A

Wines that had undergone the torna viagem (round trip) across the Atlantic, or to the East Indies and back. They sold for much higher prices than Vinhos Canteiro, the wines that matured on the island. Although the estufagem process began to replace the lengthy voyage in the early 1800s, a few wines were deliberately, if impractically, matured at sea until the 1900s.

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6
Q

What are “garrafeira” wines?

A

If produced as vintage-dated DOP or IGP, Portuguese table wines may be labeled as garrafeira (“private wine cellar”), indicating a minimum period of aging prior to release. Tinto (red) garrafeira wines must age for a minimum 30 months, including at least 12 months in bottle. Branco (white) and rosado garrafeira wines must age for a minimum 12 months with at least 6 in bottle. The vintage garrafeira Port style as pioneered by Niepoort has a separate connotation: following a few years’ aging in barrels, the Port is matured for a period of at least eight years in glass demijohns.

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7
Q

What does “reserve” mean with Portuguese wines?

A

Portuguese table wines of designated origin may also be labeled reserva, indicating an alcohol content of at least 0.5% higher than the legal minimum established by the respective DOP or IGP; however, stricter requirements in individual DOPs may supersede this standard. For traditional method sparkling wines, reserva instead indicates a minimum period of 12 months on the lees prior to dégorgement.

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8
Q

What is Colheita Seleccionada?

A

indicates a minimum 1% higher alcohol content than that established by the regional appellation

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9
Q

The most widely grown red casta (“grape variety”) in Portugal is what?

A

Castelão, an adaptable varietal producing typically full-bodied, tannic wines with meaty, red-fruit aromas.

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10
Q

What is considered the finest red casta of Portugal?

A

Touriga Nacional

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11
Q

What are some synonyms for Touriga Nacional?

A

Bical Tinto

Mortágua Preto

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12
Q

Tinta Roriz is known as what grape in Spain?

A

Tempranillo

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13
Q

What is the most planted white casta in Portugal?

A

Fernão Pires, known as Maria Gomes in Bairrada

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14
Q

What is enforcado?

A

Traditionally, vines in the Minho and into Verde have been trained high off the ground in a system called enforcado. Vines would grow up the trunks of trees, telephone poles, and stakes, creating an overhead canopy. The probability of fungal disease in the wet climate is thus lessened, and other crops are grown beneath the grapes in the densely farmed region, yet the method has been displaced by more modern trellising systems, and fewer than 10% of vines are today trained in this fashion.

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15
Q

What is the largest DOP in Portugal?

A

Vinho Verde

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16
Q

What are the regions of Portugal from North to South

A 
Minho
Transmontano
Duriense
Terras de Cister
Beira Atlântico
Terras do Dão
Terras da Beira
Lisboa
Tejo
Península de Setúbal
Alentejo
Algarve
Madeira
Açores
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17
Q

What is the DOP region of Minho?

A

Vinho Verde DOP

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18
Q

What is the DOP region of Transmontano?

A

Trás-os-Montes DOP

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19
Q

What are the sub zones of Trás-os-Montes DOP?

A

Planalto Mirandês
Chaves
Valpaços

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20
Q

What are the sparkling wine aging terms in Trás-os-Montes DOP?

A

Sparkling Wine Aging Terms:
Reserva: 12-24 months aging prior to disgorgement
Extra Reserva: 24-36 months prior to disgorgement
Reserva Velha/Grande Reserva: Minimum 3 years prior to disgorgement

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21
Q

What are the DOP’s of Duriense?

A

Douro DOP

Porto DOP

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22
Q

What are the sub zones of Douro DOP?

A

Cima Corgo
Baixo Corgo
Douro Superior

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23
Q

What are the sub zones of Porto DOP?

A

Cima Corgo
Baixo Corgo
Douro Superior

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24
Q

What are the residual sugar levels for Porto DOP?

A

Residual Sugar Levels: All Port wines must reach a minimum 17.5 g/l.
Extra-Seco: 17.5 g/l - 40 g/l
Seco: 40 - 65 g/l
Meio Seco: 65 - 85 g/l
Doce: 85 - 130 g/l
Muito Doce (Very Sweet): more than 130 g/l

25
Q

What are the Special Categories of Port/Aging Requirements

A

Vintage: Wines must be bottled by July 30 of the third year after harvest. Wines may be sold from May 1 of the second year after harvest.
Late-Bottled-Vintage (LBV): Wines are aged in cask for at least four years and bottled before December 31 of the sixth year after harvest. LBV wines additionally aged for 3 years in bottle may carry the designation “Envelhicido em garrafa,” or bottle-matured.
Colheita: Tawny wines from a single vintage aged in cask for a minimum of 7 years.
10/20/30/+40 Years Old: Wines that are 10-30 years old may be labeled “Velho”; wines that are over 40 years old may be labeled “Muito Velho” (very old).
Crusted: This term indicates that the wine has been matured and has left sediment in the bottle.
Reserva/Reserve: This term implies greater quality when used for “Ruby” Port but it does not carry any minimum aging requirement. If accompanied by the term “Tawny” the wine must have been cask-aged for at least 7 years.

26
Q

What is the principal soil type of Porto DOP?

27
Q

Name some declared Port Vintages

A

2007, 2003, 2000, 1997, 1994, 1992, 1991, 1989, 1987, 1985, 1983, 1982, 1980

28
Q

What is the Quinta of Burmester

A

Quinta do Nova de Nossa Senhora do Carmo (Cima Corgo)

29
Q

What are the Quintas of Calem

A

Quinta da Foz (Cima Corgo)
Quinta do Sagrado
Quinta do Arnozelo (Duoro Superior)

30
Q

What is the Quinta of Champalimaud

A

Quinta do Cotto (Baixo Corgo)

31
Q

What is the DOP region of Terras de Cister?

A

Távora-Varosa DOP

32
Q

What is the DOP region of Beira Atlântico?

A

Bairrada DOP

33
Q

What are the DOP regions of Terras do Dão?

A

Dão DOP

Lafões DOP

34
Q

What are the sub zones of Dão DOP?

A 
Alva
Besteiros
Castendo
Serra da Estrela, Silgueiros
Terras da Azurara
Terras de Senhorím
35
Q

What is the DOP region of Terras da Beira?

A

Beira Interior DOP

36
Q

What are the sub zones of Beira Interior DOP?

A

Beira Castelo Rodrigo
Cova da Beira
Pinhel

37
Q

What are DOP Regions of Lisboa from North to South?

A 
Encostas d'Aire DOP
Lourinhã DOP
Óbidos DOP
Alenquer DOP
Arruda DOP
Torres Vedras DOP
Bucelas DOP
Carcavelos DOP
Colares DOP
38
Q

What are the sub regions of Lisboa IGP?

A

Estremadura

Alta Estremadura

39
Q

What are the sub zones of Encostas d’Aire DOP?

A

Ourém

Alcobaça

40
Q

What are the grapes in Medieval de Ourém?

A

80% Fernão Pires + 20% Trincadeira

41
Q

What is chão de areia and chão rija and what are the primary grapes used for them in Colares DOP?

A

chão de areia: sand, Min. 80% Ramisco

chão rija: hard soil, Min. 80% Castelão

42
Q

What is the DOP region of Tejo?

A

DoTejo DOP

43
Q

What are the sub zones of DoTejo DOP?

A 
Almeirim
Cartaxo
Chamusca
Coruche
Santarém
Tomar
44
Q

What are the DOP Regions of Península de Setúbal?

A

Palmela DOP

Setúbal DOP

45
Q

What are the communes of production for Palmela DOP?

A

Palmela, Montijo, Setúbal, Castelo (a village in the commune of Sesimbra)

46
Q

What are the communes of production for Setúbal DOP?

A

Setúbal, Palmela, Montijo, Castelo (a village in the commune of Sesimbra)

47
Q

What are the principal soils of Setúbal DOP?

A

limestone (Arrábida hills) and sand (Palmela plains)

48
Q

What are the sub zones of Alentejo DOP?

A 
Évora
Borba
Moura
Granja-Amareleja
Reguengos
Redondo
Vidigueira
Portalegre
49
Q

What is the IGP of Alentejo?

A

Alentejano IGP

50
Q

What are the DOP Regions of Algarve?

A

Lagoa DOP
Portimão DOP
Lagos DOP
Tavira DOP

51
Q

What are DOP Regions of Madeira?

A

Madeira DOP

Madeirense DOP

52
Q

What are the Growing Regions (Concelhos/municipal districts) of Madeira DOP?

A

Madeira South Side: Calheta, Câmara de Lobos, Funchal, Ponta do Sol, Santa Cruz, Ribeira Brava, Machico

Madeira North Side: Porto Moniz, São Vicente, Santana

Porto Santo

53
Q

What is the minimum aging requirement for a Vinho de Canteiro?

A

2 years in wood, and may not be bottled for 36 months after the final fortification

54
Q

What is the minimum aging requirement for a Vinho de Estufagem?

A

May be bottled after 12 months from the conclusion of the estufagem process

55
Q

What is the minimum aging requirement for a Colheita in Madeira DOP?

A

May be bottled from Oct. 31 of the fifth year following the harvest

56
Q

What is the minimum aging requirement for a Frasqueira?

A

20 years in wood

57
Q

What is the minimum aging requirement for a Solera in Madeira DOP?

A

Min. 5 years in the solera (only 10% may be drawn off each year)

58
Q

What are the DOP Regions of Açores?

A

Biscoitos DOP
Graciosa DOP
Pico DOP

59
Q

What is Envelhicido em garrafa?

A

LBV wines additionally aged for 3 years in bottle may carry the designation “Envelhicido em garrafa,” or bottle-matured.

Wine (36 decks)

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