Portugal

Question 1

Well-known brands in Portugal, and when did they launch?

Answer 1

Lancers rose + Mateus rose, 1940’s

Question 2

Overall climate of Portugal?

Answer 2

Sunny, dry, flat

Question 3

Vineyard concerns in Portugal?

Answer 3

Esca
European Grapevine Moth

Question 4

Vineyard management in Portugal?

Answer 4

Cordon/Replacement Cane
VSP
Irrigation permitted when quality in jeopardy

Question 5

Winemaking trends in Portugal?

Answer 5

Portuguese oak
Chestnut barrels
Clay vessels
Fermentation on skins
Natural wine

Question 6

Tiers in Portugal? Numbers?

Answer 6

DOC/DOP (31)
VR (14) - Vinho Regional
Vinho

Question 7

Wines role in Portuguese agriculture?

Answer 7

35% of overall agricultural production - highest in the world

Question 8

Describe Vinho Verde?

Answer 8

Moderate maritime
9 sub-regions
High rainfall (rot & mildew)
Granite soil with sand, good drainage and low fertility
Used to be predominantly red, now 81% white

Question 9

Grapes of Vinho Verde?

Answer 9

Loureiro
Alvarinho
Pederma
Avesso
Trajadura
Vinhao

Question 10

Describe Loureiro:

Answer 10

Mid-ripening
Med+ acid
Citrus, pear, floral, herbal

Question 11

Describe Alvarinho:

Answer 11

Med+ body
Med+ acid
Citrus, peach, tropical
Known in sub-region Moncao e Melgaco

Question 12

Describe Pederna:

Answer 12

AKA Arinto
Mid-ripening
Neutral
High acid
Citrus and apple

Question 13

Describe Avesso:

Answer 13

Late-ripening
Needs warm + dry conditions to ripen
Lower acid
Full bodied
Citrus + stone fruit

Question 14

Describe Trajadura:

Answer 14

AKA Treixadura
Low acidity
Apple + peach
Usually blended due to acidity

Question 15

Describe Vinhao:

Answer 15

AKA Sousao
Most planted black varietal
Deeply colored
High acidity
Cherry

Question 16

Vinho Verde winemaking?

Answer 16

Protective
Carbon dioxide added after bottling
Can have low residual sugar

Question 17

Vinho Verde wine style?

Answer 17

Low alcohol (min. 8%)
Med+/High acidity
Apple, citrus, peach
Light spritz

Question 18

Special Vinho Verde regulations?

Answer 18

Sub-region: Min. 9% ABV
Alvarinho from Moncao e Melgaco: lower yields, min 11.5% ABV

Question 19

Export of Vinho Verde?

Answer 19

35% exported
Germany, USA, Brazil, France

Question 20

Who helped establish Douro?

Answer 20

Fernando Nicolau de Almeida
Winemaker for Ferreira Port
1952 - first vintage of Barca Velha

Question 21

Sub-regions of Douro and climate?

Answer 21

Douro Superior (east) - hot/arid
Cima Corgo (center) - warm/dry
Baixo Corgo (west) - coolest/wettest

Question 22

Growing environment in Douro?

Answer 22

Schist, stony
Low in organic matter
Recent allowing of irrigation with permission from IVDP

Question 23

White varieties in Douro?

Answer 23

Viosinho (full bodied, floral, stone fruit, low acid)
Rabigato (high acid, citrus, floral)
Gouveio (m+ acid, citrus, stone fruit)
Moscatel Galego Branco (Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains)

Question 24

Red varieties in Douro?

Answer 24

Touriga Nacional
Touriga Franca
Tinta Roriz
Tinta Barroca
Tinto Cao

Question 25

Export and production of Douro wines?

Answer 25

36% export Canada, Brazil, UK 60% is fortified 70% of still is red wine

Question 26

Dao vineyards?

Answer 26

Mediterranian climate High rainfall Only 5% planted Granite, sandy, loam - free draining Guyot/Cordon + VSP

Question 27

Grapes in Dao?

Answer 27

Touriga Nacional Tinta Roriz Jaen Alfrocheiro Encruzado

Question 28

Describe Touriga Nacional:

Answer 28

Deep color High tannin High acidity Black fruit, floral, herbal

Question 29

Describe Tinta Roriz:

Answer 29

Early ripening Deep color Medium/M+ tannins Full body

Question 30

Describe Jaen:

Answer 30

AKA Mencia Moderate acid Fruity, raspberry, blackberry

Question 31

Describe Alfrocheiro:

Answer 31

Medium tannin Medium body Strawberry blackberry Soft, fruity

Question 32

Describe Encruzado:

Answer 32

White variety in Dao Med/M+ acid Fully body Lemon, peach, floral

Question 33

Export of Dao?

Answer 33

15-20% Canada, Brazil, USA, China

Question 34

Describe Bairrada:

Answer 34

Maritime climate High rainfall Fertile alluvial soil with limestone-clay slopes Dominated by Baga

Question 35

Describe Baga:

Answer 35

High acidity High tannin Medium body Cranberry, cherry, plum Late-ripening Productive

Question 36

Key white varieties in Dao?

Answer 36

Maria Gomes Bical Arinto Cercial Early ripening, high yields

Question 37

High quality wine production in Bairrada?

Answer 37

Baga Friends - group of producers

Question 38

Describe Alentejo:

Answer 38

8 sub-regions Mediterranean, hot Low rainfall in south, moderate in north Drip irrigation common Granite, schist, limestone Double cordon + VSP

Question 39

Grapes in Alentejo:

Answer 39

Aragonez (Tinta Roriz) Alicante Boushet Trincadeira Roupeiro Arinto Antao Vaz