Portugal Flashcards
Well-known brands in Portugal, and when did they launch?
Lancers rose + Mateus rose, 1940’s
Overall climate of Portugal?
Sunny, dry, flat
Vineyard concerns in Portugal?
Esca
European Grapevine Moth
Vineyard management in Portugal?
Cordon/Replacement Cane
VSP
Irrigation permitted when quality in jeopardy
Winemaking trends in Portugal?
Portuguese oak
Chestnut barrels
Clay vessels
Fermentation on skins
Natural wine
Tiers in Portugal? Numbers?
DOC/DOP (31)
VR (14) - Vinho Regional
Vinho
Wines role in Portuguese agriculture?
35% of overall agricultural production - highest in the world
Describe Vinho Verde?
Moderate maritime
9 sub-regions
High rainfall (rot & mildew)
Granite soil with sand, good drainage and low fertility
Used to be predominantly red, now 81% white
Grapes of Vinho Verde?
Loureiro
Alvarinho
Pederma
Avesso
Trajadura
Vinhao
Describe Loureiro:
Mid-ripening
Med+ acid
Citrus, pear, floral, herbal
Describe Alvarinho:
Med+ body
Med+ acid
Citrus, peach, tropical
Known in sub-region Moncao e Melgaco
Describe Pederna:
AKA Arinto
Mid-ripening
Neutral
High acid
Citrus and apple
Describe Avesso:
Late-ripening
Needs warm + dry conditions to ripen
Lower acid
Full bodied
Citrus + stone fruit
Describe Trajadura:
AKA Treixadura
Low acidity
Apple + peach
Usually blended due to acidity
Describe Vinhao:
AKA Sousao
Most planted black varietal
Deeply colored
High acidity
Cherry
Vinho Verde winemaking?
Protective
Carbon dioxide added after bottling
Can have low residual sugar
Vinho Verde wine style?
Low alcohol (min. 8%)
Med+/High acidity
Apple, citrus, peach
Light spritz
Special Vinho Verde regulations?
Sub-region: Min. 9% ABV
Alvarinho from Moncao e Melgaco: lower yields, min 11.5% ABV
Export of Vinho Verde?
35% exported
Germany, USA, Brazil, France
Who helped establish Douro?
Fernando Nicolau de Almeida
Winemaker for Ferreira Port
1952 - first vintage of Barca Velha
Sub-regions of Douro and climate?
Douro Superior (east) - hot/arid
Cima Corgo (center) - warm/dry
Baixo Corgo (west) - coolest/wettest
Growing environment in Douro?
Schist, stony
Low in organic matter
Recent allowing of irrigation with permission from IVDP
White varieties in Douro?
Viosinho (full bodied, floral, stone fruit, low acid)
Rabigato (high acid, citrus, floral)
Gouveio (m+ acid, citrus, stone fruit)
Moscatel Galego Branco (Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains)
Red varieties in Douro?
Touriga Nacional
Touriga Franca
Tinta Roriz
Tinta Barroca
Tinto Cao
Export and production of Douro wines?
36% export
Canada, Brazil, UK
60% is fortified
70% of still is red wine
Dao vineyards?
Mediterranian climate
High rainfall
Only 5% planted
Granite, sandy, loam - free draining
Guyot/Cordon + VSP
Grapes in Dao?
Touriga Nacional
Tinta Roriz
Jaen
Alfrocheiro
Encruzado
Describe Touriga Nacional:
Deep color
High tannin
High acidity
Black fruit, floral, herbal
Describe Tinta Roriz:
Early ripening
Deep color
Medium/M+ tannins
Full body
Describe Jaen:
AKA Mencia
Moderate acid
Fruity, raspberry, blackberry
Describe Alfrocheiro:
Medium tannin
Medium body
Strawberry blackberry
Soft, fruity
Describe Encruzado:
White variety in Dao
Med/M+ acid
Fully body
Lemon, peach, floral
Export of Dao?
15-20%
Canada, Brazil, USA, China
Describe Bairrada:
Maritime climate
High rainfall
Fertile alluvial soil with limestone-clay slopes
Dominated by Baga
Describe Baga:
High acidity
High tannin
Medium body
Cranberry, cherry, plum
Late-ripening
Productive
Key white varieties in Dao?
Maria Gomes
Bical
Arinto
Cercial
Early ripening, high yields
High quality wine production in Bairrada?
Baga Friends - group of producers
Describe Alentejo:
8 sub-regions
Mediterranean, hot
Low rainfall in south, moderate in north
Drip irrigation common
Granite, schist, limestone
Double cordon + VSP
Grapes in Alentejo:
Aragonez (Tinta Roriz)
Alicante Boushet
Trincadeira
Roupeiro
Arinto
Antao Vaz
