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D3 > New Zealand > Flashcards

New Zealand Flashcards

1
Q

What separates the North and South Islands?

A

Cook Strait

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2
Q

New Zealand Climate?

A

Maritime, except continental Central Otago
High UV radiation (hole in ozone layer)
Long sunlight hours
Large diurnal range
Very low air pollution
High rainfall
Humidity

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3
Q

Vineyard management in New Zealand?

A

Fertile soils
Canopy management crucial - limit vegetative growth and shading
VSP - 2 canes
High yields
Birds
Fungal disease common
Sunburn
Irrigation allowed where needed

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4
Q

Sustainability in New Zealand?

A

Sustainable Winegrowing New Zealand Initiative - almost all producers are involved
Less than 5% certified organic
Central Otago 17% organic
Biodynamics popular

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5
Q

Winemaking in New Zealand?

A

Low fermentation temp
Neutral vessel
Cultured yeast - increase aromatics
No MLF
Chaptalization if needed in cool year
Ascorbic acid + SO2 for freshness

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6
Q

Key components of classic NZ Sauv Blanc?

A

High light
Adequate water
Careful canopy management
Long growing season
Ripe fruit - sunny side
Early picking for herbaceous notes
Mechanically harvested - skin contact - herbaceous
No oxygenation
Cultured yeast
Low fermentation temp
No malo
Minimal lees aging
Ascorbic acid + SO2
Screwcap

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7
Q

Sweet wines in New Zealand?

A

Noble rot for premium
Long hang times
Semillon and Riesling

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8
Q

History of screwcap in New Zealand?

A

New Zealand Screwcap Wine Seal Initiative
Founded in 2001 by multiple producers

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9
Q

Describe Waiheke Island?

A

Within Greater Auckland, North Island
Cab Sauv and Syrah
Lower diurnal range
Land prices rising

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10
Q

Describe Gisborne?

A

Area under vine halved
Chardonnay dominant
High precipitation
Fertile soils
Need devigorating rootstock and precise canopy management

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11
Q

Describe Hawkes Bay:

A

Oldest NZ wine region, 2nd largest
Bordeaux, Merlot blends
Sub regions Gimblett Gravels and Bridge Pa
Irrigation necessary (Free draining soils)
Craggy Range

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12
Q

Describe Martinborough?

A

In Wairarapa, southern North Island
Cool maritime
Pinot Noir and Sauvignon Blanc
Free draining alluvial/gravel

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13
Q

Describe Marlborough:

A

2/3 of all plantings
Current style started in 1973 with Montana (Brancott)
“place with the hole in the cloud”
Protected from rain by mountains
Irrigation needed
Machine harvesting common
Two main valleys: Wairau, Awatere

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14
Q

Describe Wairau:

A

West of Wairau river
Less moderation from ocean
Frost risk
More fertile soils

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15
Q

Describe Southern valleys in Marlborough:

A

More clay
Slower ripening
Pinot Noir thrives

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16
Q

Describe Awatere?

A

Cooler, windier
Close to coast, high elevation
More herbacous SB, less tropical
PN smaller berries with thicker skins, deeply colored

17
Q

Describe Marlborough Sauv Blanc profile:

A

High acid
High aromatics
Herbaceous, flora, tropical, passionfruit

18
Q

Describe Nelson:

A

High rain
High sunshine hours
Cool, maritime
Subregions: Moutere Hills and Waimea Plains
SB: restrained style
PN: fresh, unoaked

19
Q

Describe Moutere Hills:

A

Clay/gravel soils
Low nutrients/retain water

20
Q

Describe Waimea Plains

A

Moderate fertility
High rainfall
Free draining soils - still need irrigation

21
Q

Describe Canterbury:

A

North Canterbury is 90%, Canterbury Plains remainder
Sheltered by Southern Alps
Spring frost
Hot, dry north-west winds
Moderate rainfall - irrigation needed

22
Q

Describe Riesling from Nelson?

A

From sub-region Waipara valley
Very expressive, intense, ripe
High acid
Dry to sweet/late harvest

23
Q

Describe Central Otago:

A

Surrounded by Southern Alps - semi-continental climate
Very dry - irrigation necessary
Spring frosts - helicopters
Gravel, clay, etc - low nutrients
Six sub-regions
Pinot Noir dominant; Pinot Gris and Riesling

24
Q

Sub-regions of Central Otago?

A

Alexandra - most Southern but coolest
Gibbson - highest and coolest
Bannockburn - most planted, ripe
Bendigo - warmest and semi-arid; stony soils, continental
Wanaka - smallest and most Northern

25
Q

Describe Central Otago Pinot Noir:

A

Deeply colored
Med+/Full bodied
Med+ acid
Ripe tannins
Red plum/black cherry

26
Q

Regional law in New Zealand:

A

Geographical Indications Act - 2017
18 registered
Appellation Marlborough Wine - 2018 (Sauv Blanc only) - max yields, certified sustainable, bottled in NZ

27
Q

Wine business in NZ?

A

Growers dropped 40% - consolidation
3mil hL of wine - 83% export
USA, UK, Australia
Produces 1% of worlds volume but 7th largest exporter in value
Rapid increase in production

28
Q

Sustainability body in New Zealand:

A

SWNZ: Sustainable Wine New Zealand
98% of producers participate

29
Q

Who markets NZ wine?

A

New Zealand Wine (New Zealand Winegrowers)

D3 (29 decks)

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