Population, Urbanization and the Environment

Question 1

Asylum-Seekers:

Answer 1

Those whose claim to refugee status have not been validated.

Question 2

Cancer Cluster:

Answer 2

A geographic area with high levels of cancer within its population.

Question 3

Carrying Capacity:

Answer 3

The amount of people that can live in a given area considering the amount of available resources.

Question 4

Climate Change:

Answer 4

Long-term shifts in temperature and climate due to human activity.

Question 5

Concentric Zone Model:

Answer 5

A model of human ecology that views cities as a series of circular rings or zones.

Question 6

Cornucopian Theory:

Answer 6

A theory that asserts human ingenuity will rise to the challenge of providing adequate resources for a growing population.

Question 7

Demographic Transition Theory:

Answer 7

A theory that describes four stages of population growth, following patterns that connect birth and death rates with stages of industrial development.

Question 8

Demography:

Answer 8

The study of population.

Question 9

E-Waste:

Answer 9

The disposal of broken, obsolete, and worn-out electronics.

Question 10

Environmental Racism:

Answer 10

The burdening of economically and socially disadvantaged communities with a disproportionate share of environmental hazards.

Question 11

Environmental Sociology:

Answer 11

The sociological subfield that addresses the relationship between humans and the environment.

Question 12

Exurbs:

Answer 12

Communities that arise farther out than the suburbs and are typically populated by residents of high socioeconomic status.

Question 13

Fertility Rate:

Answer 13

A measure noting the actual number of children born.

Question 14

Fracking:

Answer 14

Hydraulic fracturing, a method used to recover gas and oil from shale by drilling down into the earth and directing a high-pressure mixture of water, sand, and proprietary chemicals into the rock.

Question 15

Gentrification:

Answer 15

The entry of upper-class and middle-class residents to city areas or communities that have been historically less affluent.

Question 16

Human Ecology:

Answer 16

A functional perspective that looks at the relationship between people and their built and natural environment.

Question 17

Internally Displaced Person:

Answer 17

Someone who fled their home while remaining inside the country’s borders.

Question 18

Malthusian Theory:

Answer 18

A theory asserting that population is controlled through positive checks like war, famine, and disease as well as preventive checks such as measures to reduce fertility.

Question 19

Megalopolis:

Answer 19

A large urban corridor that encompasses several cities and their surrounding suburbs and exurbs.

Question 20

Metropolis:

Answer 20

The area that includes a city and its suburbs and exurbs.

Question 21

Mortality Rate:

Answer 21

A measure of the number of people in a population who die.

Question 22

Not In My Backyard:

Answer 22

The tendency of people to protest poor environmental practices when those practices will affect them directly.

Question 23

Pollution:

Answer 23

The introduction of contaminants into an environment at levels that are damaging.

Question 24

Population Composition:

Answer 24

A snapshot of the demographic profile of a population based on fertility, morality, and migration rates.

Question 25

Population Pyramid:

Answer 25

A graphic representation that depicts population distribution according to age and sex.

Question 26

Refugee:

Answer 26

An individual who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster.

Question 27

Sex Ratio:

Answer 27

The ratio of men to women in a given population.

Question 28

Suburbs:

Answer 28

The communities surrounding cities, typically close enough for a daily commute.

Question 29

Sustainable Development:

Answer 29

Development that occurs without depleting or damaging the natural environment.

Question 30

Urban Sociology:

Answer 30

The subfield of sociology that focuses on the study of urbanization.

Question 31

Urbanization:

Answer 31

The study of the social, political, and economic relationships of cities.

Question 32

White Flight:

Answer 32

The migration of economically secure white people from racially mixed urban areas toward the suburbs.

Question 33

Zero Population Growth:

Answer 33

A theoretical goal in which the number of people entering a population through birth or immigration is equal to the number of people leaving it via death or emigration.