Deviance, Crime and Social Control

Question 1

Conflict Theory:

Answer 1

A theory that examines social and economic factors as the causes of criminal deviance.

Question 2

Control Theory:

Answer 2

A theory that states social control is directly affected by the strength of social bonds and that deviance results from a feeling of disconnection from society.

Question 3

Corporate Crime:

Answer 3

Crime committed by white-collar workers in a business environment.

Question 4

Corrections System:

Answer 4

The system tasked with supervising individuals who have been arrested for, convicted of, or sentenced for criminal offenses.

Question 5

Court:

Answer 5

A system that has the authority to make decisions based on law.

Question 6

Crime:

Answer 6

A behavior that violates official law and is punishable through formal sanctions.

Question 7

Criminal Justice System:

Answer 7

An organization that exists to enforce a legal code.

Question 8

Cultural Deviance Society:

Answer 8

A theory that suggests conformity to the prevailing cultural norms of lower-class society causes crime.

Question 9

Deviance:

Answer 9

A violation of contextual, cultural, or social norms.

Question 10

Differential Association Theory:

Answer 10

A theory that states individuals learn deviant behavior from those close to them who provide models of an opportunities for deviance.

Question 11

Formal Sanctions:

Answer 11

Sanctions that are officially recognized and enforced.

Question 12

Hate Crimes:

Answer 12

Attacks based on a person’s race, religion, or other characteristics.

Question 13

Informal Sanctions:

Answer 13

Sanctions that occur in face-to-face interactions.

Question 14

Labeling Theory:

Answer 14

The ascribing of deviant behavior to another person by members of society.

Question 15

Legal Codes:

Answer 15

Codes that maintain formal social control through laws.

Question 16

Master Status:

Answer 16

A label that describes the chief characteristic of an individual.

Question 17

Negative Sanctions:

Answer 17

Punishments for violating norms.

Question 18

Nonviolent Crimes:

Answer 18

Crimes that involve the destruction or theft of property, but do not use force or the threat of force.

Question 19

Police:

Answer 19

A civil force in charge of regulating laws and public order at a federal, state, or a community level.

Question 20

Positive Sanctions:

Answer 20

Rewards given for conforming to norms.

Question 21

Power Elite:

Answer 21

A small group of wealthy and influential people at the top of society who hold the power and resources.

Question 22

Primary Deviance:

Answer 22

A violation of norms that does not result in any long-term effects on the individual’s self-image or interactions with others.

Question 23

Sanctions:

Answer 23

The means of enforcing rules.

Question 24

Secondary Deviance:

Answer 24

Deviance that occurs when a person’s self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society.

Question 25

Self-report Study:

Answer 25

A collection of data acquired by using voluntary response methods, such as questionnaires or telephone interviews.

Question 26

Social Control:

Answer 26

The regulation and enforcement of norms.

Question 27

Social Disorganization Theory:

Answer 27

A theory that asserts crime occurs in communities with weak social ties and the absence of social control.

Question 28

Social Order:

Answer 28

The regulation and enforcement of norms.

Question 29

Strain Theory:

Answer 29

A theory that addresses the relationship between having socially acceptable goals and having socially acceptable means to reach those goals.

Question 30

Street Crime:

Answer 30

Crime committed by average people against other people or organizations, usually in public spaces.

Question 31

Victimless Crime:

Answer 31

Activities against the law, but that do not result in injury to any individual other than the person who engages in them.

Question 32

Violent Crimes:

Answer 32

Crimes based on the use of force or the threat of force.