Population Ecology

Question 1

Population Ecology

Answer 1

Studying the structure and dynamics of populations and their interactions with the environment

Question 2

Genet

Answer 2

Genetic individual arising from a zygote

Question 3

Ramets

Answer 3

Modules produced asexually by the genet

Clones

Question 4

Characteristics of Populations

Answer 4

Population Structure

Spatial

Temporal

Question 5

Population Structure

Answer 5

Proportions of individuals of various ages, stages, sizes and sexes

Question 6

Spatial

Answer 6

Distribution and range

Abundance and density

Spatial dispersion pattern (spacing of individuals)

Question 7

Temporal

Answer 7

Populations changes (movement of individuals via immigration and emigration(

Question 8

Demography

Answer 8

Statistical study of the size and structure of populations and changes within them

Question 9

Age/Stage/Size Structure part of Demography

Answer 9

Age, stage. size of individuals will influence reproductive rates, death rates, vigor, survival

Question 10

What is Age/Stage/Size Structure characterized by?

Answer 10

Specific age categories

Life history stages (pre-reproductive, reproductive, post-reproductive)

Question 11

How is age structure of a population determined?

Answer 11

Determining the age distribution of its members

Question 12

What techniques are used to age animals?

Answer 12

Tooth wear, skull characteristics, plumage changes.

Question 13

Primary Sex Ratio

Answer 13

Sex ratio at conception, tend towards 1:1

Question 14

Secondary Sex Ratio

Answer 14

Ratio at birth

Tends to be weighted towards mals, but can shift towards females in adult age classes, due to physiological and behavioural differences

Question 15

What are Sex Ratio Shifts caused by?

Answer 15

Condition of mother, time of season, temperature, differential survival

Question 16

Distribution of Population

Answer 16

Spatial location based on the presence or absence of individuals, can be measured at multiple scales

Question 17

How is the distribution of a population determined?

Answer 17

Presence or absence of suitable habitat

Question 18

Geographic Range

Answer 18

Area that encompasses all individuals of a species

Question 19

Limits of Geographic Range

Answer 19

Geographic barriers to colonization

Interactions between organisms

Question 20

Range Expansion

Answer 20

Result for populations that have been introduced to a region where they did not previously exist

Question 21

Abundance

Answer 21

Size of a population, the total number of individuals in a population in a given area

Question 22

Factors affecting Abundance

Answer 22

Area and population density

Question 23

Population Density

Answer 23

Individuals per unit area

Question 24

Ways of measuring abundance

Answer 24

Crude Density

Ecological Density

Question 25

Crude Density

Answer 25

Number of individuals per unit area/volume

Question 26

Ecological Density

Answer 26

Number of individuals per unit are or per unit volume that is habitable

Question 27

Dispersion

Answer 27

Position of individuals relative to each other

Question 28

Patterns of Dispersion

Answer 28

Random

Uniform

Clumped

Question 29

Random

Answer 29

An individuals’s position is independent of others

Question 30

Uniform

Answer 30

Often results from negative interaction among individuals

Question 31

Clumped

Answer 31

Most Common

Results from patchy environmental conditions and resources, social grouping and interactions, ramet dynamics