Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography > Population > Flashcards

Population Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

What is population

A

The term population means the number of inhabitants who live in a particular country or region.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Total land area is ________

A

510 million square km

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Humans occupy only ______ of the entire earths land area

A

64 million square feet km

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hiw has the population of a country led to exacerbating the environment

A

Biodiversity loss, climate change, pollution, deforestation, water and food shortages have all been exacerbated (made worse) by the huge and our ever-increasing numbers leading to ever-increasing consumption.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name the animals that have declined by 68 percent

A

wild vertebrate animal populations like elephants, tigers, orangutans, wolves, leopards, foxes, polar bears and so on declined by 68 per cent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is oceania

A

Oceania consist of Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands of Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu, Samoa, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

India has the largest population of ________ followed by china with _________

A

1.428, 1.425

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is birth rate?

A

Birth rate is number of live births per year per 1,000 of the population. The formula for calculating birth rate is:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is death rate?

A

Death rate is number of deaths per year per 1,000 of the population. The formula for calculating death rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is life expectancy

A

Life expectancy is the number of years that a person is likely to live.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is population density

A

Population density refers to the number of people living in a unit area of space, such as a square kilometre.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

High birth rate leads to an ______ in population and high death rate leads to a _____ in population

A

Increase decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why have death rates declined?

A

Death rates declined as new developments in agricultural practices and transportation technology increased the food supply and reduced the danger of famine. Public health and living standards had improved due to new technologies and industrial development.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name the factors that have improved life expectancy in india

A
  1. Improvement in healthcare and hygiene
  2. improvement in sanitart conditions particularly in rural areas (Schemes like
    Swacchh Bharat)
    3.Improvement in education standards with more schools being built.
  3. Improvement in Mid-Day Meal Scheme for schoolchildren who are provided more nutritious diet.
  4. Improvement in medical care with more healthcare centres and free vaccinations for diseases such as cholera, tuberculosis, Covid-19 etc. leading to better control of epidemics.
  5. Better flood control and famine management.
  6. Better management of natural disasters
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is immigration

A

The process of coming to live permanently in another country that is not one’s own is called immigration (into a country).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is emigration

A

The process of leaving one’s own country to go and live permanently in another country is called emigration (where people exit a country).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is an opem door policy

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When a country is highly urbanized, the birth rate tends to rise and death rates tend to fall (GR)

A

. There is an increase in the birth rates as people have more access to medical care in cities than in rural areas, and hence, infant mortality falls and the birth rate rises.

Death rates decline in urban areas because of better medical and education services, and more reliable food supplies. This is often not the case in remote rural areas, so death rates fall in urban areas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How does agriculture help in increasing population

A

. The mechanization of agriculture has freed up workers from the farms.

It has encouraged industrialization which needs lots of workers.

It tends to promote high birthrates. Moreover, the increased agricultural production has reduced the deaths due to famine, thereby causing the population to grow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How does education impact the growth of population

A

. Simple programmes in hygiene can reduce death rates, while family planning programmes can reduce birth rates.

The governments in various countries have launched massive awareness campaigns on population growth and help people to plan families.

Eventually, the educational and awareness levels of people also have an impact on the growth of the population.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How does the topography of a place effect its climate

A

Population also grows in areas where the land is flat and is cultivable and water is available in plenty for both agricultural and domestic purposes.

The cities that grow on the banks of rivers have a large population.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How does the climate of a place effect the population

A

The climate of a place is also an important factor in determining the population growth.

If the climate is pleasant, it will attract
population. Climate, relief features, soil in quality and proximity to natural resources th have influenced human life.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How does transport and communication help the growth of population

A

Transport and Communication
Population of a place grows if it is easily accessible by various kinds of roads, rivers and railway lines.

Communication systems like internet, phone and post is essential in today’s living and so places with these facilities have more population.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How does employment opportunities encourage population growth

A

Population of a place grows if there are prospects for employment.

Mines and industries in the area are potential sources of employment and therefore, encourage population growth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is overpopulation

A

Overpopulation is a very undesirable condition where the number of people in a particular area exceeds the availability of resources to meet the needs of all the people in the area.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the causes of overpopulation ?

A

factors such as immigration, increased birth rates and decreased death rates, better medical facilities and lack of family planning.

27
Q

How has population increased in DEVELOPED countries

A

population increased earlier due to:
• economic growth and prosperity as a result of industrialization.

• improved medical techniques and healthcare facilities.

• immigration because of better job opportunities and better living conditions.

• modern medical techniques which increased the lifspan of the people

• ignorance of the masses.

• traditional beliefs, customs and outlooks of people.

28
Q

State the negative impacts of overpopulation

A

• A larger population consumes more natural resources such as fresh water, arable land and mineral resources.
•
As more land is brought under cultivation, the amount of land under forests keeps reducing, impacting the diverse animal and plant populations in these forests.

Increased mining for minerals euses further environmental damage.

• As more factories are set up to meet the needs of the people, more fossil fuels are used and more pollutants are released into the environment. → for enviremen

29
Q

In developed countries, the death rates have reduced and the lifespan of the people have increased gr

A

due to improvements in medical facilities. As a result, the number of elderly people has also increased tremendously.

This has increased the financial burden on the governments as they now have to support and pay pensions to a large number of people.

30
Q

In developed countries, the death rates have reduced and the lifespan of the people have increased

A

due to improvements in medical facilities. As a result, the number of elderly people has also increased tremendously.

This has increased the financial burden on the governments as they now have to support and pay pensions to a large number of people.

31
Q

Countries like india are overcrowded (GR)

A

• As there is not enough land for everyone in the villages, people have been forced to settle in towns and cities.

• However, even in these towns and cities, ents in medical there is an acute shortage of houses and mber of elderly jobs.

Homeless, unemployed and poverty-. stricken people are forced to live on the burden on the streets.

As a result in some cities, slums have mushroomed where the living conditions are very poor

There are problems of water supply, lighting, sanitation, drainage and hygiene in the slums.

32
Q

How do the lives of slum dwellers effect our financial state

A

it has led to serious social and economic problems, such as hunger, starvation, malnutrition, disease, poor health, illiteracy, and ignorance.
Crime rate and corruption have also increased manifold

33
Q

How does overpopulation effect wildlife

A

Humans have already consumed 35 per cent of the planet’s existing resources including food, water, forests, soil, and so on.

Because of the huge demand for food, and minerals, agricultural land has gradually expanded at the cost of forests, meadows, pastures and rivers.

As more arable land is brought under cultivation, forests keep reducing. This impacts the habitats of wild animals and rare and useful herbs and plants. r

34
Q

How has overpopulation effected the environment?

A

the increase in manufacturing industries has a tremendous negative impact on the environment, soil, air, water and the biodiversity in general, leading to environmental degradation.

35
Q

Overpopulation hampers the pace of economic progress and development in developing countries.

A

This is because the wealth that would have been used for industrial growth and development is being used by the government to provide food, shelter and basic education to the growing population in these countries.

36
Q

How does overpopulation cause diseases

A

Similarly, healthcare facilities are unable to cope with the ever-increasing population, leading to a breakdown of healthcare services, and as such, several diseases are common in the slums.

37
Q

How does overpopulation reduce agricultural land?

A

. Industrial development, urbanization and soil erosion have reduced the amount of available agricultural land.

As a consequence, food production could not increase to meet the needs of the increased population.

38
Q

What is underpopulation?

A

Underpopulation occurs when the size of the population of a place is small in relation to the available resources of a country.

This happens when there are not enough people to make full use of resources such as land, water and forests and and the availabile technology

39
Q

State the causes of underpopulation

A

natural disasters like earthquakes, tsunamis, floods or manmade disasters such as war. The effect of these calamities are felt all the more in a country whose population is not large.

40
Q

Name countries that are underpopulated due to reduction of birthrates

A

countries like Italy, Spain, Romania and the Scandinavian countries like Norway, Sweden, Finland and Denmark and Iceland)

41
Q

Name countries that are underpopulated due to higher rates of infertility

A

Countries like South Korea and Japan).

42
Q

State the positive impacts of underpopulation

A
  1. There are sufficient opportunities for everyone.
  2. There are fewer instances of overcrowding.
  3. Poverty is either non-existent or low.
  4. There are adequate schools, medical facilities, and specialty hospitals to meet the needs of everyone.
  5. There are sufficient natural resources to meet the requirements of the population.
43
Q

State the negative impacts of under population

A

.
1. Lack of people for jobs. This leads to low production.
2. In some cases, a high proportion of the population is either too old or too young to work.

There are fewer taxpayers which means less money for the government.

There are not enough people to develop the natural resources of the country.

Most areas of the country remain uninhabited, leading to great difficulty in exploring more natural resources.

44
Q

Explain composition of population

A

Population composition or demographic structure refers to the physical, socio-cultural and economic attributes of the population such as age and sex, place of residence, language, religion, marital status, literacy, etc.

45
Q

What is urban and rural population

A

. The rural population refers to the people residing in villages,

while the urban population refers to the people living in towns and cities

46
Q

Why is it important to create a division between rural and urban populations

A

This division is necessary because rural and urban populations differ from each other in various aspects population density, occupations and livelihood, presence of various amenities, transport and communication facilities and the sociocultural environment.

47
Q

Name the activities that villagers are engaged in. Also explain the accessibility of things

A

Rural areas generally have a lower population density. The people living in villages are typically engaged in primary activities such as farming, fishing, mining, etc.

The educational and medical facilities are usually not very highly developed. Opportunities for higher education are fewer.

Transport and communication facilities are not of a very high standard.

Village communities are usually closely knit, with a strong emphasis on culture and traditions.

48
Q

What does an urban population focus on

A

People living in these areas are usually engaged in secondary and tertiary activities such as trade, transport, for education, healthcare, and communication.

There is also more opportunity for economic growth.

However, the socio-cultural ties between people in cities are not as strong as those in villages.

49
Q

What is age composition

A

Age composition refers to the percentage of people in different age groups in a given population. It differs from country to country.

50
Q

What is the agr of working population

A

14 to 60 yrs of age

51
Q

A higher working population is considered an asset for a country

A

as it means that there is a high availability of labour for the development of the nation. India has one of the highest percentages of population in the younger age group.

52
Q

What is sex ratio

A

It reflects the comparative numbers of males and females in the population. In India, the sex ratio is calculated in terms of females per 1,000 males.

53
Q

When is sec ratio unfavourable

A

The sex ratio is usually unfavourable in those countries where gender discrimination is widespread and women are considered to have a lower status in society.

54
Q

Name some practices that lead to an unfavourable sex ratio

A

Practices of female foeticide (killing of girls in the womb), female infanticide (killing of girls when they are babies) and domestic violence towards women can lead to an unfavourable sex ratio.

55
Q

Name countries with a lower than average sex ratio

A

Countries like India, Pakistan, China, Saudi Arabia and Afghanistan have lower-than-average sex ratios.

56
Q

________ has the lowest sex ratio in the world, with ______ women per 1000 men

A

Qatar, 334

57
Q

_________ in europe has the highest sex ratio with _________ females for every 1000 males

A

Latvia , 1,173

58
Q

What is population pyramid?

A

A population pyramid is a specially designed diagram that shows the age and sex composition of a population.

It is called a population pyramid because the diagram resembles a pyramid.

It is perhaps the most effective way to show the age and sex structure of a population.

59
Q

What is expanding population

A

In this case, the age-sex pyramid is more or less triangular, with a broad base and a narrow apex.

The broad base shows a larger proportion of the population in the lower age group, which is an indication of a high birth rate.

The narrow apex on top shows the high death rate in the older age group. Such a

60
Q

Name countries with expanding population

A

Nigeria, bangladesh, india and mexico

61
Q

Name countries with declining population

A

Japan germany and italy

62
Q

What is constant population

A

Here, the pyramid is almost shaped like a bell, with a narrow top and a broad middle for several bars.

It shows that the birth rate is almost equal ia to the death rate, leading to a constant n population with the percentage of males and females remaining almost the same.

Usually developed countries such as the USA have this kind of a pyramid.

63
Q

What is declining population

A

population has a narrow base, a bulging middle that reflects low birth and death rates and a slightly narrow apex.

Geography (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions