Australia

Question 1

What is austalia also referred to as?

Answer 1

ustralia is referred to as ‘the land down umder Other popular names for this country are the ‘Island Continent’, ‘Continent State’, ‘One-Country Continent’, and the ‘Land of Migrants’.

Question 2

What the the name australia mean

Answer 2

The name ‘Australia’ comes from the Latin word
‘australis’ meaning southern.

Question 3

Where is australia located

Answer 3

Australia lies between the
Indian
Ocean in
the west and the South Pacific Ocean in the east.
The Arafura Sea lies to its north. The large water Body south of Australia is the Southern Ocean,

Question 4

State the latitudal and longitudal extent of australia

Answer 4

Latitudal extent- 10°-40°s
Longitudal extent-114°-154°E

Question 5

Write a short note on canberra

Answer 5

Canberra
The capital city of Australia is also the largest inland city with a population of more than 300,000.
It is about 150 km from Australia’s east coast.
The Parliament House, the High Court of Australia, the National Library, and also the National Museum of Australia are all in Canberra.

Question 6

Write a short note on sydney

Answer 6

Sydney
The largest city of Australia is the capital city of New South Wales.
It has an approximate population of 4,000,000.
Sydney is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.
It is famous for its harbour, beautiful coastline, pleasant climate, and cosmopolitan culture.
Sydney has the largest natural harbour- Port Jackson.
Its most famous landmarks are the Sydney Harbour Bridge and the Sydney Opera House.

Question 7

Write a short note on brisbane

Answer 7

Brisbane
The capital of Queensland has a population of more than 2,000,000. It is an important centre of industries which include petroleum, paper, and metal.
Max

Question 8

Write a short note on melbourne

Answer 8

The capital of Victoria is the second largest city of Australia.
It has a population of approximately 4,100,000.
Melbourne is famous as the largest seaport of Australia, and for its automobile industry.

Question 9

Write a short note on adelaide

Answer 9

Adelaide
The capital of South Australia has a population of about 1,260,000.
It is situated on the Fleurieu Peninsula overlooking the Gulf St Vincent.
Adelaide has facilities for oil refining, defence, and electronic component production.

Question 10

Write a short note on perth

Answer 10

Perth
The capital of Western Australia has a population of about 1,800,000, making it the fourth-largest city in Australia. Perth is famous for its pristine beaches.

Question 11

Write a short note on darwin

Answer 11

Its the capital city of Northern Territory has a pulation of about 120,000.
The two important onomic activities here are mining and tourism.
le minerals mined are bauxite, manganese, d uranium.
The energy production is mostly shore-oil and natural gas from the Timor

Question 12

Write a short note on hobart

Answer 12

The capital of Tasmania,
the island state of Australia, has a population of about 216,000.
The city is a busy seaport and a vibrant tourist destination.
It has several industries including a high-speed catamaran (a type of boat) factory and zinc smelter.

Question 13

Write the extent of the eastern higlands

Answer 13

They extend from cape york to tasmania in the south and lie roughly paralell and very close to the east coast of australia

Question 14

What are the higlands called

Answer 14

These highlands are called the Gregory Range in Queensland, the Blue Mountains and the New England Range in New South Wales. In Victoria, they are called the Australian Alps.
The highest peak of the Eastern Highlands is Mt
Kosciuszko, , which is 2,228 m above sea level.

Question 15

Why is the eastern higlands also called the dividing range

Answer 15

It lies in thThe Eastern Highlands are also called the Great Dividing Range because the mountains form the main watershed of Australia.

Question 16

Name the rivers that flow in the eastern higlands

Answer 16

A number of Australia’s principal rivers originate here. The Snowy River flows down the steep eastern slope while the Darling, Lachlan, and Murrumbidgee Rivers flow down the western slope and join the Murray River.

Question 17

State the extent of the central
Lowlands

Answer 17

They
extend from the Gulf of Carpentaria in the north to Encounter Bay in the south forming the world’s largest artesian basin.

Question 18

What is an artesian basin

Answer 18

vorld’s largest artesian basin. In an artesian asin, a layer of porous or pervious rock lies etween two layers of impervious rock and cts as a reservoir.

Question 19

What is an aquifer

Answer 19

aquifer-(a layer of rock capable of holding water and allowing it to pass through. ing in this area do not reach the sea.

Question 20

State the 3 divisions of the central
Lowlands

Answer 20

The Central Lowlands can be divided into three distinct divisions- the Carpentaria Lowlands, the Lake Eyre Basin, and the Murray-Darling Basin. Lake Eyre is the world’s largest area of inland drainage, e., the rivers flowing in this area do not reach the sea.

Question 21

What is the western plateau

Answer 21

The Western Plateau
This vast plateau covers the western two-thirds of Australia and is made up of old rocks, which are rich in minerals, especially gold. Much of he plateau has an average height of 300-450 m and is desert or semi desert

Question 22

The western plateau slopes eastwards
To _______ and southwards to _______

Answer 22

Central
Lowlands nullarbor plain

Question 23

Name the major mountain ranges in the western plateau

Answer 23

The Hamersley Range, the McDonnell Range, and the Musgrave Range are the major mountain ranges in the Western Plateau.

Question 24

Name the major deserts in the western plateau

Answer 24

Three of the four major deserts of Australia lie in this region + the Gibson, the Great Sandy, and the Great Victoria Deserts.

Question 25

What is a rift valley

Answer 25

The Rift Valley is a long valley with steep walls but with several small plains in it. Lake Torrensand the Gulf of Spencer are parts of the Rift Valley. The area is a popular tourist destination.

Question 26

Australia is the worlds driest continent (GR)

Answer 26

As there are very few rivers

Question 27

_______ is the biggest drainage system in australia

Answer 27

Murray darling system

Question 28

_______ is the longest permanently flowing river in australia

Answer 28

Murray river

Question 29

Name the lakes in australia

Answer 29

Most of Australia’s lakes are shallow salt lakes.
The largest of them are Lake Eyre, Lake Torrens, Lake Gairdner, and Lake Frome, all of which lie in South Australia. A large number of lakes of Australia have been artificially created such as Lake Argyle in Western Australia and Lake Gordon in Tasmania

Question 30

Why is the water from artesian basins unsuitable for irragation and humans

Answer 30

Large supplies of underground
water are
plentiful in the artesian basins. However, much of the water is salty and unsuitable for irrigationand human consumption. It is, however, used as drinking water for livestock, mainly cattle and sheep.

Question 31

What is the great barrier reef

Answer 31

the Great Barrier Reef is a 2,300 Km-ong underwater ridge-like feature off the north-east coast of Australia at distances varying from 16 to 240 km from the coastline.
die their hard skeletons remain fixed in place.
Since these polyps live in colonies, when they die their large accumulation of skeletons form coral reefs which are circular or ridge-like. The Great Barrier Reef is Australia’s biggest tourist attraction. The warm, shallow, salty sea between the reef and the shore is the home of tropical fish of bright colours, and crustaceans that abound in this underwater paradise.
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Question 32

What does the great barrier reef consist of

Answer 32

It is composed of in ord millions and millions of shells of tiny marine) Skange
creatures called coral polyps.
When corals.
die their hard skeletons remain Axed in place!)SShear
Since these polyps live in colonies, when they the b die their large accumulation of skeletons form sheer coral reefs which are circular or ridge-like. The
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Great Barrier Reef is Australia’s biggest tourist attraction. The warm, shallow, salty sea between callec the reef and the shore is the home of tropical fish
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of bright colours, and crustaceans that abound mach in this underwater paradise.
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Question 33

What forms coral reefs

Answer 33

millions and millions of shells of tiny marine))
K
porps
creatures called

When corals
die their hard skeletons remain fixed in place.
Since these polyps live in colonies, when they die their large accumulation of skeletons form coral reefs which are circular or ridge-like. The Great Barrier Reef is Australia’s biggest tourist attraction. The warm, shallow, salty sea between the reef and the shore is the home of tropical fish of bright colours, and crustaceans that abound in this underwater paradise.

Question 34

________ lake has been atifically created

Answer 34

Arygyle