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Industries Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an industry

A

The term ‘industry means any productive activity in any sphere of life. It includes the people and all the activities involved in producing a particular thing, or in providing a particular service

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2
Q

Why are industries important

A

Industries are important -às they provide infrastructural support for the development of a country. They provide us with products which make life easier for us They also provide employment to a lot of people.

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3
Q

Name some asian countries that export products to the western countries

A

Japan, china, veitnam, south korea, malasia and singapore

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4
Q

____________ has played a major role in the industrialization of the country

A

The five year plan

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5
Q

We consider countries like USA and china strong (gr)

A

We consider countries such as the USA and China strong because of the hundreds and thousands of industries they have.

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6
Q

Name 2 countries tht have very few industries

A

Some countries like Nepal and Bangladesh have very few industries. In practically every country of the world, industries contribute a lot to its national income.

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7
Q

Industries contribute alot to its __________

A

National income

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8
Q

The _______ the __________ of industries the ___________ the country becomes

A

Larger number stronger

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9
Q

Industries Ensure There Is No Shortage of Necessary goods (GR)

A

Apart from fulfilling our daily needs, industries also produce sufficiently so that all the things we need are available to us and at reasonable prices.

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10
Q

The size of an industry depends on the _______ ,____________ and __________

A

People employeed, capital invested, area it occupies

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11
Q

What is a cottage industry

A

a cottage industry is generally a household unit run by a family. The craftsmen and their family members carry on the traditional work started by their forefathers generations ago.

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12
Q

What do cottage industries generally produce

A

Such industries generally
produce all kinds of handicrafts, handloom products, jewellery, pottery, leather products, etc.

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13
Q

Cottage industries are encouraged by governments (gr)

A

These industries are encouraged by the government as they generate employment and improve living conditions, especially in rural areas.

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14
Q

What is a small scale industry

A

These are much larger in size than cottage industries but smaller than large-scale industries in terms of the number, of people employed and capital invested.

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15
Q

What do small scale industries produce

A

These industries use machinery, power and external labour for production. lectronic goods, sports equipment, 4 brassware, bicycles, toys, etc. are produced by small-scale industries)

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16
Q

What is a large scale industry

A

Large-scale industry involve huge
investments, professional management and a large force of skilled and unskilled labour.
Big power-driven machines are used with considerable automation.

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17
Q

Large scale industries are generally established at places where the raw material is closer

A

These industries
are generally established at places where raw materials, cheap transportation, sources of power, plenty of labour and market are easily available.

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18
Q

Give 3 examples of large scale industries in india

A

In India, Tata Steel at Jamshedpur, the locomotive works at Chittaranjan and the oil refinery at Mathura are examples of large-scale industry.

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19
Q

What is a public sector imfu

A

Public Sector Industry
Industries in the public sector include all the units owned by either central or state governments or their agencies. Governments own most of the heavy industries such as iron and steel, coal, oil, etc.

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20
Q

They are called public sector industry (gr)

A

They are called public sector industries, as the public or the people of the country can invest in them through shares or bonds

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21
Q

Give examples of public sector industry(dietmoutain dew )

A

For example, Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. and Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. are well-known industries in the public sector in India.

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22
Q

What are private sector industry

A

Private sector industries are owned by individuals or groups who arrange the funds, technical expertise and other resources to set up an industry

23
Q

Joimt sector industry

A

Joint Sector Industry
Industries which are jointly owned by the goverment and private entrepreneurs or private companies belong to the joint sector.
(

24
Q

Give examples of joint sector industry

A

A good eg is marati udyog limited MUL), makers of cars. It is jointly owned by the Government of India and the Suzuki Company of Japan.
Cooperative Sector Industry

25
Q

What is a cooperative sector industry

A

The industries in the cooperative sector are owned by a group of individuals who form their own society.

Members of these cooperatives share the profit earned by the company.

the dairy swector sugar mills, and the handloom sectoirs generally operate in this manner

26
Q

What is an agro based industry

A

Agro-based Industry
These industries process agricultural produce like sugar cane, cotton, jute, vegetables and fruits. Jams, textile, potato chips, vegetable oils, and sugar are products of these industries.

27
Q

What is a pastoral industry

A

(Pastoral industries are the industries that derive their raw material from animals.
The products from these industries include milk products like cheese, butter, woolen garments, silk garments, leather products, etc.

Generally these are small-scale industries.

28
Q

Give some exapmles of where pastoral industries are set up

A

Denmark and New Zealand are famous for their dairy industries, Punjab, and Jammu and Kashmir in India are famous for woollen textiles and Uttar Pradesh is famous

29
Q

What is a forest based industry

A

Forest-based industries are based on forest products. The packaging industry, furniture industry, sports goods industry, etc. come under this category. The paper industry is another important industry in this category.
Scandinavian countries are important producers of paper.

30
Q

What are mineral based industries

A

Mineral-based Industries
These industries are based
are based primarily on
minerals, mined from beneath the earth’s crust.

31
Q

What do mineral based industries produce

A

Industries producing iron and steel (from iron ore), aluminium (from bauxite), petroleum (from crude oil), cement, lead, etc. come under this category Most of these are large-scale industries.

32
Q

Name a few well known mineral based industries

A

Pittsburg in the USA and Jamshedpur in India are well-known centres producing iron and steel.

33
Q

We need a large amt of _______ to set up an industry

A

Money

34
Q

Loans at low interest rates are provided to set up an industry (gr)

A

. Sometimes loans at low interest rates are provided to set up industries in order to encourage the development of a region.

35
Q

Banks always grant loans to profitable enterprises (gr)

A

Banks always grant loans to profitable enterprises as they also earn profits by giving loans.

36
Q

All industries that tequire hevy and bulky materials are set up near the raw resources

A

All industries that require heavy and bulky
raw material are geperally set up near thetourism sources of raw materials in order to save heavy
transportation cost

37
Q

Name some countries that are famous in steel production

A

Pittsburg in the USA and the Ruhr-Saar Basin in Germany, both famous for steel production, are similarly endowed with raw materials necessary for steel production.

38
Q

Give an eg of an industry that had set up near it raw resource

A

steel plants are in close proximity to the iron ore, manganese and coal belts of the Chota Nagpur Plateau. Pittsburg

39
Q

______ , ________ and _________ power is an essential need for any industry

A

Cheap, abundant, uninterrupted

40
Q

What was the main source of power in Indian industries

A

. After independence, the construction of major multi-purpose projects, where hydroelectricity is generated using the force of falling water, helped to set up industries in distant areas away from mineral belts.

41
Q

Name the mainsource of power for industries

A

Prior to India’s independence, thermal power plants, which generally used coal, were the main source of power for most industries.

42
Q

Ganga plain has several industrial towns

A

We see that the Ganga Plain has several industrial towns due to a good network of roads and railways.

43
Q

Kolkata, Lucknow, Kanpur and Varanasi have many industries (gr)

A

Kolkata, Lucknow, Kanpur and Varanasi have many industries because these places are well connected to other parts of the country. GR

44
Q

Which places provide labour for an industry

A

, Densely populated regions like the Ganga Plain and the Hugli Basin provide large quantities of unskilled labour for the numerous industries situated in these regions.

Skilled labour and qualified and trained people are generally hired from outside, often from large cities.

45
Q

Write a short note on labour

A

Though labour-skilled and unskilled - can be transported from different regions, it is advantageous to have an assured labour supply locally for setting up an industry

46
Q

The ultimate aim of an industry is to _____________

A

Sell its products

47
Q

Woolen industries will do well in ___________ climate whereas cottons goods will to well in ______________ climates

A

Cold, hot

48
Q

_________ is well lnown for its cotton textiles

A

Ahmadnabad

49
Q

The __________ of ___________ are the centres of woolen industries

A

Foothills of Himalaya

50
Q

Write about the availability of capital

A

We need a large amount of money to establish an industry.

Both the government and private entrepreneurs should have adequate funds or capital to invest.

Sometimes loans at low interest rates are provided to set up industries in order to encourage the development of a region.

Banks always grant loans to profitable enterprises as they also earn profits by giving loans.

51
Q

Write on availability of raw material

A

sources of raw materials in order to save heavy transportation cost /

For example,

iron and steel plants in India and other countries have been set up near iron ore mines and coalfields as both iron ore and coal are heavy and difficult to transport.

Jamshedpur, Rourkela and Bhilai steel plants are in close proximity to the iron ore, manganese and coal belts of the Chota Nagpur Plateau.

Pittsburg in the USA and the Ruhr-Saar Basin in Germany, both famous for steel production, are similarly endowed with raw materials necessary for steel production.

52
Q

Write on the availability of power

A

For any industry, power is a very critical factor.

Cheap, abundant and uninterrupted power supply is an essential need for any modern industry using large machines

Prior to India’s independence, thermal power plants, which generally used coal, were the main source of power for most industries.

After independence, the construction of major multi-purpose projects, where hydroelectricity is generated using the force of falling water, helped to set up industries in distant areas away from mineral belts.

53
Q

Write on the Availability of transport

A

An important factor for setting up industries is the availability of efficient means of transportation as
movement of raw material to the factory and finished goods to the market depend on it.

We see that the Ganga Plain has CP several industrial towns due to a good network of roads and railways.

Kolkata, Lucknow, Kanpur and Varanasi have many industries because these places are well connected to other parts of the country. GR

54
Q

Write on the availability of labour

A

Though labour-skilled and unskilled - can be transported from different regions, it is advantageous to have an assured labour supply locally for setting up an industry,

Densely populated regions like the Ganga Plain and the Hugli Basin provide large quantities of unskilled labour for the numerous industries situated in these regions.

Skilled labour and qualified and
trained people are generally hired from outside, often from large cities.

Geography (16 decks)

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