Population Flashcards
Agricultural population density
Compares the number of farmers to the area of arable land and measures the efficiency of a region’s farmers.
Antinatalist Policies
An anti-natalist policy is one implemented by a government aiming to decrease the total fertility rate, as well as the crude birth rate, in order to slow the population growth.
Arable
Land that is used or suitable for growing crops.
Arithmetic Population Density
The calculation of how many people are living in a specific area of land.
Baby Boom
A temporary marked increase in the birth rate, especially the one following World War II.
Baby Bust
A temporary marked decrease in the birth rate.
Birth Deficit
A slowdown of births during war.
Boserup Theory
Population growth is independent of food supply and that population increase is a cause of changes in agriculture.
Carrying Capacity
The number of people, other living organisms, or crops that a region can support without environmental degradation.
Cohorts
A population group that is distinguished by a certain characteristic.
Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
The number of live births occurring among the population of a given geographical area during a given year, per 1,000 mid-year total population of the given geographical area during the same year.
Crude Death Rate (CDR)
The number of deaths occurring among the population of a given geographical area during a given year, per 1,000 mid-year total population of the given geographical area during the same year.
Demographic Balancing Equation
Future population - current population + (number of births - number of deaths) + (number of immigrants - number of emigrants).
Demographic Momentum
The tendency for growing populations to continue growing after a fertility decline because of their young age distribution.
Demographic Transition Model
Based on historical population trends of two demographic characteristics – birth rate and death rate – to suggest that a country’s total population growth rate cycles through stages as that country develops economically.
Dependent Population
That part of the population that does not work and relies on others for the goods and services they consume.
Dependency Ratio
A measure of the number of dependents aged zero to 14 and over the age of 65, compared with the total population aged 15 to 64.
Epidemiological Transition Model
Describes changing patterns of population age distributions, mortality, fertility, life expectancy, and causes of death.
Echo
The generation born after the baby boomers.
Infant Mortality Rate
The number of infant deaths for every 1,000 live births.
Life Expectancy
The average period that a person may expect to live.
Malthusian Theory
States that food production will not be able to keep up with growth in the human population, resulting in disease, famine, war, and calamity.
Neo-Malthusians
Advocating control of population growth (as by contraception).
Overpopulation
Having more people than a region can support.
Physiological Population Density
It measures the total number of people and divides them between the total amount of farmable land.
Population Distribution
The pattern of human settlement.
Population Density
A measure of the average population per square mile or kilometer of an area.
Population Double Time
The amount of time it takes for the population of a region to double.
Pronatalist Policies
The policy or practice of encouraging the bearing of children, especially government support of a higher birthrate.
Population Pyramid
A graphical illustration of the distribution of a population by age groups and gender; it typically takes the shape of a pyramid when the population is growing.
Potential Workforce
People ages 15-64, the group expected to be the society’s labor force.
Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)
Refers to the difference between the number of live births and the number of deaths occurring in a year, divided by the mid-year population of that year, multiplied by a factor (usually 1,000). It is equal to the difference between the crude birth rate and the crude death rate. This measure of the population change excludes the effects of migration.
Social Stratification
The hierarchical division of people into groups based on factors such as economic status, power, and/or ethnicity.
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
The total number of children that would be born to each woman if she were to live to the end of her child-bearing years and give birth to children in alignment with the prevailing age-specific fertility rates.
