Migration Flashcards
Asylum
The protection granted by a nation to someone who has left their native country as a political refugee.
Brain Drain
The emigration of highly trained or intelligent people from a particular country.
Chain Migration
Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there.
Counter Migration
Each migration flow produces a movement in the opposite direction.
Distance Decay
When things are farther apart they are less connected.
Emigrant
A person who leaves their own country in order to settle permanently in another.
Emigrate
Leave one’s own country in order to settle permanently in another.
Ethnic Enclaves
Neighborhoods filled primarily with people of the same ethnic group.
Family Reunification
A recognized reason for immigration in many countries because of the presence of one or more family members in a certain country, therefore, enables the rest of the divided family or only specific members of the family to emigrate to that country as well.
Forced Migration
Refers to the coerced movement of a person or persons away from their home or home region.
Gravity Models of Migration
The Gravity Model holds that the interaction between two places can be determined by the product of the population of both places, divided by the square of their distance from one another. The primary implication of this model is that distance is not the only determining factor in the interaction between two cities.
Guest Workers
Foreign national who is permitted to live and work temporarily in a host country.
Guest-Worker Policies
Allows foreign workers to temporarily reside and work in a host country until the next round of workers is readily available to switch.
Immigrant
A person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country.
Internal Migration
Human migration within a country.
Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs)
Someone who has been forced to migrate for similar political reasons to a refugee but has not migrated across an international border.
Intervening Obstacles
Factors that cause migrants challenges or prevent them from reaching their goal.
Intervening Opportunity
Opportunities en route that disrupt a migrant’s original migration plan.
Migration
The permanent or semipermanent relocation of people from one place to another.
Migration Transition Model
Claims that the type of migration that occurs within a country depends on its development level and its society type.
Push Factor
Negative circumstances, events, or conditions present where they live that compels a person to leave.
Pull Factor
Positive conditions or circumstances.
Refugee
A person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster.
Remittances
Money immigrants send back to family and friends in their home countries, often in cash, forming an important part of the economy in many poorer countries.
Return Migration
The voluntary movements of immigrants back to their place of origin. Also known as circular migration.
Rural-To-Urban Migration
The movement of people (typically farmers) from rural settlements to urban center in search of jobs.
Step Migration
Gradual migration, from farm to village to town to big city.
Transitional Migration
The change in the migration pattern in a society that results from industrialization, population growth, and other changes that also produce demographic transitions.
Transhumance
The seasonal movement of livestock (herding) between mountains and lowland pastures. Typically, livestock is moved to the lowlands in the winters and to the highlands in the summers.
Voluntary Migration
A movement made by choice.
Xenophobia
Fear or dislike of foreigners significantly different from oneself.
