Culture Part 2

Question 1

Neolocalism

Answer 1

The seeking out of the regional culture and reinvigoration of it in response to the uncertainty of the modern world.

Question 2

Nonmaterial Culture

Answer 2

Anything on the landscape that comprises culture that cannot be physically touched.

Question 3

Placelessness

Answer 3

The loss of uniqueness of a place in the cultural landscape so that one place looks like the rest.

Question 4

Popular Culture

Answer 4

Culture that is not tied to a specific location but rather a general location based on widespread diffusion.

Question 5

Postmodern Architecture

Answer 5

Decries the modern architectural emphasis on efficiency and industry; instead it tries to design buildings that are visually pleasing to human beings and provide modern humans with a link to their past.

Question 6

Sacred Place

Answer 6

The place where religious figures and congregations meet to perform religious ceremonies.

Question 7

Sequent Occupancy

Answer 7

The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape.

Question 8

Sharia

Answer 8

An attempt to follow a literal interpretation of a religious faith.

Question 9

Sociofacts

Answer 9

Ways people organize their society and relate to one another.

Question 10

Taboos

Answer 10

A restriction on behavior imposed by social custom.

Question 11

Theocracies

Answer 11

A state whose government is under the control of a ruler who is deemed to be divinely guided or under the control of a group of religious leaders.

Question 12

Traditional Architecture

Answer 12

Traditional building styles of different cultures, religions, and places.

Question 13

Traditional Culture

Answer 13

Contains aspects of the following: passing down long-held beliefs, values, and practices; resistant to rapid changes in their culture; exhibits horizontal diversity; has its own distinct customs and language that makes it distinct; people are homogenous and similar to one another.

Question 14

Relocation Diffusion

Answer 14

Migration from the source area and carrying the innovation or idea to new areas.

Question 15

Expansion Diffusion

Answer 15

An idea develops in a source area and remains strong there while spreading outward.

Question 16

Contagious Diffusion

Answer 16

Culture trait spreads continuously outward from its hearth through contact among people, including word of mouth.

Question 17

Hierarchical Diffusion

Answer 17

Ideas and artifacts spread first between larger places/people and only later to smaller places/less prominent people.

Question 18

Reverse Hierarchical Diffusion

Answer 18

Diffusion up a hierarchy, such as from a little city to a big one.

Question 19

Stimulus Diffusion

Answer 19

Occurs when a culture changes as it spreads from its original point. It may or may not stay the same in the original location, but the further it spreads, the more it changes.

Question 20

Acculturation

Answer 20

Group moving to a new area adopts the values of the larger group that has received them while maintaining elements of their own culture.

Question 21

Adages

Answer 21

A traditional saying expressing a common experience or observation.

Question 22

Adherents

Answer 22

A person who supports a certain religion.

Question 23

Animism

Answer 23

Belief that objects, such as plants, stones, or natural events (thunderstorms and earthquakes), have a discrete spirit and conscious life.

Question 24

Assimilation

Answer 24

When an ethnic group can no longer be distinguished from the receiving group; usually not absolute.

Question 25

Buddhism

Answer 25

The teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth.

Question 26

Caste System

Answer 26

A system of classes or distinct hereditary orders into which a Hindu is assigned according to religious law.

Question 27

Christianity

Answer 27

A universalizing and monotheistic religion based on the teachings and life of Jesus Christ, Christianity was founded by Jesus of Nazareth, a Jewish carpenter, at Palestine around c. 33 AD.

Question 28

Colonialism

Answer 28

Refers to the process by which one nation exercises near complete control over another country which they have settled and taken over. Often, the governing country uses the colony for its resources, taking what is useful without regard to the original inhabitants.

Question 29

Creole Language

Answer 29

Formed by the combination of two or more languages. When this newly combined language becomes the primary language of the people in a region it is called a “creole” language.

Question 30

Cultural Convergence

Answer 30

The tendency for cultures to become more alike as they increasingly share technology and organizational structures in a modern world united by improved transportation and communication.

Question 31

Cultural Divergence

Answer 31

When a culture separates or goes in a different direction.