popliteal region and knee joint Flashcards
deep fascia also known as
fascia lata
deep fascia of the leg
crural fascia
lesser saphenous vein drains to
popliteal vein
popliteus
O: lateral condyle of femur, lateral meniscus
I: Proximal posterior tibia
Inn: tibial nerve
Blood: Popliteal artery
Action: unlocks extended knee (rotates femur laterally when tibia is fixed, tibia rotates medially when its not fixed)
fibers attach to the lateral meniscus and retract it posterior during knee flexion
popliteus in close chain femur moves?
popliteus in open chain femur moves?
femur rotates lateral
femur rotates medial
what provides collateral circulation to the knee joint?
Genicular branches of the popliteal artery
name the genicular branches
lateral superior genicular artery
medial superior genicular artery
middle genicular artery
lateral inferior genicular artery
medial inferior genicular artery
middle genicular pierces joint capsules and supplies to
ACL , posterior joint capsule and part of ACL
what supplies to the ACL
lateral/Medial Inferior genicular artery
middle genicular artery
patella is a sesamoid bone
develops in tendon of quadriceps
intercondylar eminence
attachment of cruciate lig ACL/PCL
top of patella is
base
bottom of patella is
apex
femorotibial joint is known as
true joint
patella sits on the
trochlear groove
joint space is where
the patella glides
extrinsic ligaments
anterior
medial and lateral
posterior
anterior extrinsic ligaments
patellar ligament
patellar reinaculum (medial and lateral)
medial and lateral extrinsic ligaments
MCL - tibial
LCL - fibular
posterior extrinsic ligaments
oblique popliteal ligament
arcuate popliteal ligament
to see LCL with muscles do you have to remove
bicep femoris and IT
medial collateral ligament
strong, flat
medial epicondyle (femur) to medial condyle (tibia)
anchored to medial meniscus
lateral collateral ligament
rounded, cordlike
lateral epicondyle (femur) to fibular head
not anchored to lateral meniscus
anterior cuciate laigament
ACL
anterior tibial plate to medial side of lateral candy of the femur
posterior cruciate ligament
PCL
posterior tibial plateau to lateral side of medial condyle of femur
cruciate ligaments limits?
and what does it provide?
rotation of knee
provide stability
unhappy triad
three structures being sprained - ACL, medial meniscus, MCL
ACL repair
double bundle reconstruction - 4 bony
tunnels with 2 graft
menisci of the knee
act as shock absorption
medial meniscus
c shaped
well anchored on tibia
attached to medial collateral ligament
lateral meniscus
less likely to tear
more of a complete ring
not well anchored (can get probe under this structure)
more mobile during flexion/extension
ACL is10x more likely to tear? true or false
true
how do you get a tear?
knee flexion with knee valgus with extreme IR or ER
mechanism of medical tears
sudden extension or rotational movements when the knee is fixed in flexion
genu valgum - kock knees
MCL limits values force
genu varum - bow legged
LCL limits varus force
what goes around the ACL and PCL
synovial membrane
muscles involved in IR
semimembranosus
semitendinosus
gracilis
sartorius
popliteus
muscles involved in ER
biceps femoris long head
bicep femoris short head
