Gluteal Region and Hip Joint

Question 1

6 Lower Extremity Region

Answer 1

gluteal region, thigh, knee, leg, ankle, foot

Question 2

Articulations of the pelvis

Answer 2

• Lumbosacral joint,
• sacroiliac joint,
• pubic symphysis

Question 3

lumbosacral joint

Answer 3

cartilaginous,
- between L5&S1,
- iliolumbar ligament

Question 4

sacroiliac joint

Answer 4

• Synovial(non-axial)
• between sacrum and ilium,
• strengthen by sacroiliac lig/sacrotuberous lig., sacrospinous lig.

Question 5

Pubic symphysis

Answer 5

• between 2 pelvic
• cartilaginous

Question 6

Piriformis splits the greater sciatic foramen into?

Answer 6

• Suprapiriform Foramen
• Infrapiriform foramen

Question 7

What goes through the suprapiriform foramen?

Answer 7

superior gluteal nerve, artery, and vein

Question 8

what goes through the infrapiriform foramen?

Answer 8

• inferior gluteal nerve, artery and vein
• pudendal nerve
• internal pudendal artery and vein
• sciatic nerve

Question 9

gluteus maximus

Answer 9

O: Posterior surface of Ilium, sacrum, thoracolumbar fascia, sacrotuberous lig.
I: Gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract
INN: Superior/Inferior gluteal nerve
BLOOD: Inferior gluteal artery
ACTION: Hip extension/ ER/ Upper Abd/ Lower Add

Question 10

Gluteus medius

Answer 10

O: Gluteal surface of ilium Posterior/Anterior
I: greater trochanter
INN: superior gluteal nerve
BLOOD: superior gluteal artery
ACTION: abduction/IR/Fiber- ER hip extension and Stabilize pelvic

Question 11

Gluteus minimus

Answer 11

O: Anterior/Inferior Gluteal Line of Ilium
I: greater trochanter
INN: Superior Gluteal nerve
BLOOD: superior gluteal artery
ACTION: Abd/IR/Fiber- ER, hip extension, and stabilize pelvic

Question 12

name the deep six (external rotation) - Abd

Answer 12

• piriformis
• gemellus superior
  -gemellus inferior
• obturator internus/externus
• quadrates femoris

Question 13

TFL

Answer 13

Tensor Fasciae Late

Question 14

what results in pelvic tilt (drop)?

Answer 14

weak small gluteals

Question 15

1) inferior gluteal nerves innervates to?
2) Ventral rami -

Answer 15

1) gluteus maximus
2) L5, S1, S2

Question 16

1) superior gluteal nerves innervates to?
2) Ventral rami

Answer 16

1) glute med/min and tensor fascia lata
2) L4, L5, S1

Question 17

L4 and L5 connects like a V to make?

Answer 17

Lumbosacral trunk

Question 18

Tensor Fascia Lata (TFL)

Answer 18

O: Anterior superior iliac spine
I: iliotibial tract (attaches at Gerdy’s Tubercle)
INN: superior gluteal nerve
BLOOD: lateral circumflex femoral artery
ACTION: Abd/flexion/ IR

Question 19

piriformis

Answer 19

O: Sacrum (internal surface)
I: Greater trochanter
Inn: Branches of S1,S2
Blood: Superior and inferior gluteal arteries, internal pudendal artery
Actions: ER, abd, Hip extension

Question 20

Superior gemellus

Answer 20

O: ischial spine
I: greater trochanter
Inn: nerve to obturator internus
Blood: inferior gluteal, internal pudendal arteries
Actions: ER, hip extension

Question 21

Inferior gemellus

Answer 21

O: ischial tuberosity
I: greater trochanter
Inn: nerve to quadratus femoris
Blood: medial femoral circumflex artery
Actions: ER, Hip extension

Question 22

Obturator internus

Answer 22

O: internal surface of obturator membrane
I: greater trochanter of femur
Inn: Nerve to obturator internus
Blood: internal pudendal artery, obturator artery
Actions: ER, Hip extension

Question 23

Quadratus femoris

Answer 23

O: ischial tuberosity (lateral border)
I: intertrochanteric crest of femur
Inn: nerve to quadratus femoris
Blood: Medial circumflex artery
Actions: ER

Question 24

Sciatic nerve splits into what division

Answer 24

Tibial Division and common fibular division

Question 25

superior and middle clunial nerves pierce through? and pass over?

(resulting in entrapment for pain)

Answer 25

Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest

Question 26

hip joint

Answer 26

• ## synovial joint - ball and socket, 1/2 femoral head sits in the acetabulum

Question 27

primary blood supply to the hip joint

Answer 27

medial circumflex femoral artery

Question 28

cruciate anastomoses provides alternative routes in case of?

Answer 28

damage to blood vessels

Question 29

what could lead to avascular necrosis?

Answer 29

damage to blood vessels of cruciate anastomoses

Question 30

innervation of the hip joint and muscles that cross and act upon

Answer 30

• femoral nerve –> flexors
• obturator nerve – Abd/Add

Question 31

Iliofemoral ligament (Y lig)

Answer 31

• strongest lig of hip joint (and body)
• Runs AIIS and acetabular rim to the greater trochanter and intertrochanteric line
• limits extension and ER of hip

Question 32

pubofemoral ligament

Answer 32

• runs from superior pub ramus and acetabular rim to the neck of the femur (fuses with iliofemoral ligament)
• limits extension and abduction of the hip
• taut in extension

Question 33

ischiofemoral ligament

Answer 33

• posterior ligament
• runs from acetabular rim to the neck of the femur
• stabilize hip joint
• weakest of the 3 lig.

Question 34

90% hip dislocations occurs in what direction

Answer 34

posterior direction

Question 35

what nerve (nerves) are at risk during posterior hip dislocation?

Answer 35

• pudendal nerve
• inferior gluteal nerve
• posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
  -sciatic

Question 36

Obturator externus

Answer 36

O: Obturator membrane (outer surface)
I: trochanteric fossa
Inn: Obturator nerve
Blood: Obturator artery
Action: ER, stabilize pelvis

Question 37

Trendelebrug Sign

Answer 37

weak gluteus medius and minimus