Gluteal Region and Hip Joint Flashcards
6 Lower Extremity Region
gluteal region, thigh, knee, leg, ankle, foot
Articulations of the pelvis
- Lumbosacral joint,
- sacroiliac joint,
- pubic symphysis
lumbosacral joint
cartilaginous,
- between L5&S1,
- iliolumbar ligament
sacroiliac joint
- Synovial(non-axial)
- between sacrum and ilium,
- strengthen by sacroiliac lig/sacrotuberous lig., sacrospinous lig.
Pubic symphysis
- between 2 pelvic
- cartilaginous
Piriformis splits the greater sciatic foramen into?
- Suprapiriform Foramen
- Infrapiriform foramen
What goes through the suprapiriform foramen?
superior gluteal nerve, artery, and vein
what goes through the infrapiriform foramen?
- inferior gluteal nerve, artery and vein
- pudendal nerve
- internal pudendal artery and vein
- sciatic nerve
gluteus maximus
O: Posterior surface of Ilium, sacrum, thoracolumbar fascia, sacrotuberous lig.
I: Gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract
INN: Superior/Inferior gluteal nerve
BLOOD: Inferior gluteal artery
ACTION: Hip extension/ ER/ Upper Abd/ Lower Add
Gluteus medius
O: Gluteal surface of ilium Posterior/Anterior
I: greater trochanter
INN: superior gluteal nerve
BLOOD: superior gluteal artery
ACTION: abduction/IR/Fiber- ER hip extension and Stabilize pelvic
Gluteus minimus
O: Anterior/Inferior Gluteal Line of Ilium
I: greater trochanter
INN: Superior Gluteal nerve
BLOOD: superior gluteal artery
ACTION: Abd/IR/Fiber- ER, hip extension, and stabilize pelvic
name the deep six (external rotation) - Abd
- piriformis
- gemellus superior
-gemellus inferior - obturator internus/externus
- quadrates femoris
TFL
Tensor Fasciae Late
what results in pelvic tilt (drop)?
weak small gluteals
1) inferior gluteal nerves innervates to?
2) Ventral rami -
1) gluteus maximus
2) L5, S1, S2
1) superior gluteal nerves innervates to?
2) Ventral rami
1) glute med/min and tensor fascia lata
2) L4, L5, S1
L4 and L5 connects like a V to make?
Lumbosacral trunk
Tensor Fascia Lata (TFL)
O: Anterior superior iliac spine
I: iliotibial tract (attaches at Gerdy’s Tubercle)
INN: superior gluteal nerve
BLOOD: lateral circumflex femoral artery
ACTION: Abd/flexion/ IR
piriformis
O: Sacrum (internal surface)
I: Greater trochanter
Inn: Branches of S1,S2
Blood: Superior and inferior gluteal arteries, internal pudendal artery
Actions: ER, abd, Hip extension
Superior gemellus
O: ischial spine
I: greater trochanter
Inn: nerve to obturator internus
Blood: inferior gluteal, internal pudendal arteries
Actions: ER, hip extension
Inferior gemellus
O: ischial tuberosity
I: greater trochanter
Inn: nerve to quadratus femoris
Blood: medial femoral circumflex artery
Actions: ER, Hip extension
Obturator internus
O: internal surface of obturator membrane
I: greater trochanter of femur
Inn: Nerve to obturator internus
Blood: internal pudendal artery, obturator artery
Actions: ER, Hip extension
Quadratus femoris
O: ischial tuberosity (lateral border)
I: intertrochanteric crest of femur
Inn: nerve to quadratus femoris
Blood: Medial circumflex artery
Actions: ER
Sciatic nerve splits into what division
Tibial Division and common fibular division
superior and middle clunial nerves pierce through? and pass over?
(resulting in entrapment for pain)
Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest
hip joint
- ## synovial joint - ball and socket, 1/2 femoral head sits in the acetabulum
primary blood supply to the hip joint
medial circumflex femoral artery
cruciate anastomoses provides alternative routes in case of?
damage to blood vessels
what could lead to avascular necrosis?
damage to blood vessels of cruciate anastomoses
innervation of the hip joint and muscles that cross and act upon
- femoral nerve –> flexors
- obturator nerve – Abd/Add
Iliofemoral ligament (Y lig)
- strongest lig of hip joint (and body)
- Runs AIIS and acetabular rim to the greater trochanter and intertrochanteric line
- limits extension and ER of hip
pubofemoral ligament
- runs from superior pub ramus and acetabular rim to the neck of the femur (fuses with iliofemoral ligament)
- limits extension and abduction of the hip
- taut in extension
ischiofemoral ligament
- posterior ligament
- runs from acetabular rim to the neck of the femur
- stabilize hip joint
- weakest of the 3 lig.
90% hip dislocations occurs in what direction
posterior direction
what nerve (nerves) are at risk during posterior hip dislocation?
- pudendal nerve
- inferior gluteal nerve
- posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
-sciatic
Obturator externus
O: Obturator membrane (outer surface)
I: trochanteric fossa
Inn: Obturator nerve
Blood: Obturator artery
Action: ER, stabilize pelvis
Trendelebrug Sign
weak gluteus medius and minimus
