polygenic disorders Flashcards
what is a polygenic disease?
a disease that has multiple genes that express how the disease is presenting
do these diseases follow the mendelian inheritance patterns ?
no they do not
are polygenic disorders more common than monogenic disorders?
they are extremely more common
what are some characteristics of these disorders?
enviornment, multiple genes involved, complex inheritance, variability
how do we think about type 2 diabetes?
an interaction between the persons genetic factors and the environment
when was type 2 diabetes discovered?
in the early 1900’s but diabetes has been around for about 2k years
what are some risk factors for diabetes?
obesity, low excercise rate, family predisposition, low birth weight
is it more likely that a person will present with diabetes if a parent has the disease?
yes they are at an elevated risk
what is the leading heart disease that causes mortality?
coronary artery disease
what is coronary artery disease?
a buildup of fats, cholesterol along the artery
describe the polygenic aspect of cad across ethnic groups and studies
there are many loci that contribute to the disease across all races and ethnic groups
what are some risk factors for cad?
age, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, hypertension
what is the leading cause to cad?
hypertension
around how many adults live with hypertension?
1.4 billion
what does heritability look like with hypertension?
25-60%
how many genes can we associate with hypertenison?
100+
what is asthma?
a disorder that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airway, making it hard to breathe
how many genes can we associate with asthma?
100+
around how many people have asthma worldwide?
260 million
what is the onset of asthma?
usually childhood, but can manifest later in adulthood
what does my risk of asthma do the closer it is in my family tree?
your risk for presentation increases
what are some irritants of asthma?
pets, chemicals, smoking, bacteria
what is osteoporosis?
a progressive conditon that puts a person at risk for reduced bone mass and broken bones
how many genes can we associate with osteoporosis?
100+
