cancer!

Question 1

what is cancer alley?

Answer 1

the stretch of land in Louisiana where cancer is more prevalent due to inhalation and consumption of pollutants and fossil fuels

Question 2

what is cancer?

Answer 2

a disease where the cells in your body grow uncontrollably

Question 3

can cancer start anywhere in the body?

Answer 3

yes, and it can spread anywhere in the body

Question 4

what are the 2 classifications of tumors?

Answer 4

benign and malignant?

Question 5

what is the process of a malignant tumor spreading other places called?

Answer 5

metastasis

Question 6

what does it mean for a tumor to be benign?

Answer 6

it is not cancerous and it does NOT invade nearby spaces. (think benign=bien=well)

Question 7

what does it mean for a tumor to be malignant?

Answer 7

it is cancerous and it does invade nearby tissues

Question 8

how does cancer start?

Answer 8

damaged cells, inheritance, cell division errors

Question 9

what happens when these cancerous cells continue to divide?

Answer 9

they gain more errors

Question 10

what is a proto oncogene?

Answer 10

genes involved in normal cell growth

Question 11

what is an oncogene?

Answer 11

cells involved in cancerous processes

Question 12

what are tumor supressor genes?

Answer 12

genes involved in controlling cellular growth and division

Question 13

what are dna repair genes?

Answer 13

genes that are involved in cellular repair

Question 14

if cancer starts in the brain but metastisizes to the spine, what is it called?

Answer 14

metastatic brain cancer

Question 15

what is carcinoma?

Answer 15

cancer that involved epethelial cells

Question 16

what is scarcoma?

Answer 16

cancer of the soft tissue cells

Question 17

what is leukemia?

Answer 17

abnormal blood cells from bone marrow

Question 18

what is lymphoma?

Answer 18

abnormal cancer cells from the lymphocytes (T and B cells)

Question 19

what is hodgekin vs non hodgekin?

Answer 19

hodgekin- from b cells, non hodgekin- t or b cells

Question 20

what is her2+ breast cancer?

Answer 20

cancer that is caused by the overproduction of the normal her2 cells that usually help with normal cell growth and divison

Question 21

what is er2+ cancer?

Answer 21

cancer that grows in repsonse to the estrogen response protein

Question 22

what is the most common breast cancer?

Answer 22

er2+

Question 23

what is pr2+ cancer?

Answer 23

cancer that grows in repsonse to progestrone

Question 24

how is pr2+ cancer regulated?

Answer 24

by estrogen

Question 25

what is tnbc?

Answer 25

breast cancer that is negative for all the receptors. this means that this cancer is resistant to hormone therapy and often represents

Question 26

does luminal a cancer have low or high ki67?`

Answer 26

low

Question 27

does luminal b have low or high ki67?

Answer 27

high

Question 28

which cancer between luminal a or b have a better prognosis?

Answer 28

luminal a

Question 29

where is tnbc at on the luminal scale?

Answer 29

luminal b

Question 30

what is BRACA1&2 gene?

Answer 30

breast cancer 1,2 gene

Question 31

what is tp53 gene?

Answer 31

the tumor surpressor gene, called the guardian of the genome, it regulates the tumor surpressor

Question 32

what is apoptosis?

Answer 32

cell death

Question 33

what is the most common cancer for children less than 15?

Answer 33

leukemia

Question 34

what is acute vs chronic leukemia?

Answer 34

acute leukemia occurs quickly and the onset of sickness occurs quickly

Question 35

what do -ab therapies target?

Answer 35

her2+

Question 36

what is external radiation vs internal radiation?

Answer 36

external is a beam, internal enters through the body